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A review: Challenges and opportunities for artificial intelligence and robotics in the offshore wind sector

能源与人工智能(英文) 2022年第2期8卷 177-212页

作者： Daniel Mitchell Jamie Blanche sam Harper Theodore Lim Ranjeetkumar Gupta Osama Zaki Wenshuo Tang Valentin Robu Simon Watson David Flynn Smart Systems Group Institute of SensorsSignals and SystemsSchool of Engineering and Physical SciencesHeriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghEH144ASUnited Kingdom Centre for Mathematics and Computer Science Intelligent and Autonomous Systems GroupCWIAmsterdam1098 XG Netherlands Algorithms Group Faculty of Electrical EngineeringMathematics and Computer Science(EEMCS)Delft University of Technology(TU Delft)Delft2628 XE Netherlands The University of Manchester Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringOxford RoadManchesterM139PL United Kingdom James Watt School of Engineering University of GlasgowG128QQUnited Kingdom

The UK has set plans to increase offshore wind capacity from 22GW to 154GW by 2030. With such tremendous growth, the sector is now looking to Robotics and Artificial Intelligence (RAI) in order to tackle lifecycle service barriers as to support sustainable and profitable offshore wind energy production. Today, RAI applications are predominately being used to support short term objectives in operation and maintenance. However, moving forward, RAI has the potential to play a critical role throughout the full lifecycle of offshore wind infrastructure, from surveying, planning, design, logistics, operational support, training and decommissioning. This paper presents one of the first systematic reviews of RAI for the offshore renewable energy sector. The state-of-the-art in RAI is analyzed with respect to offshore energy requirements, from both industry and academia, in terms of current and future requirements. Our review also includes a detailed evaluation of investment, regulation and skills development required to support the adoption of RAI. The key trends identified through a detailed analysis of patent and academic publication databases provide insights to barriers such as certification of autonomous platforms for safety compliance and reliability, the need for digital architectures for scalability in autonomous fleets, adaptive mission planning for resilient resident operations and optimization of human machine interaction for trusted partnerships between people and autonomous assistants. Our study concludes with identification of technological priorities and outlines their integration into a new ‘symbiotic digital architecture’ to deliver the future of offshore wind farm lifecycle management.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Autonomous systems Digitalization Offshore renewable energy Offshore wind farms Robotics

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Artisanal Mining and Soil Quality in the Sudano-Sahelian Climate: Case of the Artisanal Mining Site of Yimiougou in Burkina Faso, West Africa

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2023年第1期14卷 1-15页

作者： Nicolas Kagambega Urbain sam Mathias Ouedraogo Department of Mining Engineering University of Fada N’Gourma Fada N’Gourma Burkina Faso Department of Earth Sciences University Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The majority of the population of Burkina Faso lives from agriculture and therefore depends on the land. The main objective of this study is to assess the quality of the soils in the area linked to artisanal mining activities. The methodology adopted consisted in sampling and characterizing the main types of soil. In order to assess the level of soil pollution by artisanal mining, parameters such as the geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and the contamination factor (CF) are calculated. A prediction of acid mine drainage (AMD) was also carried out on samples of mine tailings which are potential sources of pollution of these soils. The results obtained show that the soils in Yimiougou are of nil to low agronomic interest. The Igeo shows that for lead, copper, zinc and arsenic the levels found in the different morphological units are partly attributable to human action and specifically artisanal mining. The values of the contamination factor indicate contamination. Cobalt presents the lowest contamination. For cadmium, the different types of soil are moderately contaminated except for the FITLC type, which has a CF value of 0.50, therefore synonymous with low or absent contamination. The various morphological units studied are very heavily contaminated with zinc, copper, lead and arsenic. The pH and conductivity values indicate that the mine tailings samples are non-acidogenic, therefore not yet oxidized. As for the sulphide contents, they show that only samples S17, S22, S23 and S24 present values that are strictly above the threshold (0.3%) and therefore potentially acid-generating. The comparative study of the acid potential (AP) and the neutralization potential (NP) reveals that the neutralization potentials of the different samples are clearly higher than the acid potentials even for the samples which present a proven acidification potential (S17, S22, S23 and S24). These results show that the mine tailings have the natural capacity to neutralize any possible mine dra

关键词： Soil Artisanal Mining Environment Heavy Metals Potentially Harmful Elements Burkina Faso

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Three-dimensional kagome structures in a PCL/HA-based hydrogel scaffold to lead slow BMP-2 release for effective bone regeneration

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2023年第1期6卷 12-25页

作者： Se-Hwan Lee Kang-Gon Lee Jaeyeon Lee Yong Sang Cho Min-Soo Ghim Soojin Kim Su-Jin Heo Yongdoo Park Young-sam Cho Bu-Kyu Lee McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of Pennsylvania36th Street and Hamilton WalkPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Biomedical Sciences College of MedicineKorea University73Goryeodae-roSeongbuk-guSeoul 02841Republic of Korea Medical Device Development Center Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation(K-MEDI hub)80Cheombok-roDong-guDaegu 41061Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringWonkwang University460Iksan-daeroIksan 54538Republic of Korea Biomedical Engineering Research Center Asan Institute for Life SciencesAsan Medical Center88Olympic-roSongpa-guSeoul 05505Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Design Engineering College of EngineeringWonkwang University460Iksan-daeroIksan 54538Republic of Korea MECHABIO Group Wonkwang University460Iksan-daeroIksan 54538Republic of Korea Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Asan Institute for Life SciencesAsan Medical Center88Olympic-roSongpa-guSeoul 05505Republic of Korea

Osteoconductive function is remarkably low in bone disease in the absence of bone tissue surrounding the grafting site,or if the bone tissue is in poor ***,an effective bone graft in terms of both osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity is required for clinical ***,the three-dimensional(3D)kagome structure has been shown to be advantageous for bone tissue regeneration due to its mechanical *** this study,a polycaprolactone(PCL)kagome-structure scaffold containing a hyaluronic acid(HA)-based hydrogel was fabricated using a 3D printing *** retention capacity of the hydrogel in the scaffold was assessed in vivo with a rat calvaria subcutaneous model for 3 weeks,and the results were compared with those obtained with conventional 3D-printed PCL grid-structure scaffolds containing HA-based hydrogel and bulk-type HA-based *** retained hydrogel in the kagome-structure scaffold was further evaluated by in vivo imaging system *** further reinforce the osteoinductivity of the kagome-structure scaffold,a PCL kagome-structure scaffold with bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2)containing HA hydrogel was fabricated and implanted in a calvarial defect model of rabbits for 16 *** bone regeneration characteristics were evaluated with hematoxylin and eosin(H&E),Masson’s trichrome staining,and micro-CT image analysis.

关键词： Kagome-structure scaffold Retention capacity Biomimetic hydrogel Bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2)

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A comparison of financial and operational efficiency between smart and traditional insufflation for laparoscopic surgery: A granular analysis

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2023年第3期6卷 97-102页

作者： Aazad Abbas Imran Saleh Graeme Hoit Gurjovan Sahi sam Park Jihad Abouali Cari Whyne Jay Toor Division of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Toronto149 College Street Room 508-ATorontoONM5T 1P5Canada Orthopaedic Biomechanics Lab Sunnybrook Research Institute2075 Bayview AvenueTorontoONCanada Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Toronto5 King's College RoadTorontoONM5S 3G8Canada Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto1 King's College CircleTorontoONM5S 1A8Canada University of Toronto Orthopaedics Sports Medicine Women's College Hospital76 Grenville StTorontoONCanada Division of Orthopaedic Surgery Michael Garron Hospital825 Coxwell AvenueTorontoONM4C 3E7Canada Division of Orthopaedic Surgery Sunnybrook Health Science Centre2075 Bayview AvenueTorontoONCanada Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Manitoba820 Sherbrook StreetWinnipegMBCanada

Objective:Smart insufflation(SI)techniques relying on valve and membrane-free insufflation are increasing in *** considerable literature exists demonstrating the benefits of SI on procedural ease and patient outcomes,there remains a paucity describing the financial impact of these *** purpose of this study was to determine the financial and efficiency impact of these devices on the operating room and inpatient wards of a ***:A discrete event simulation model representing a typical mid-sized North American hospital comparing SI to traditional insufflation(TI)was *** National Surgical Quality Improvement database from 2015 to 2019 was used to populate the model with data supplemented from the *** included length of stay(LOS),duration of surgery(DOS),annual procedure volume,profit,return on investment(ROI),and gross profit margin(GPM).From the literature review,DOS savings were 10e32 minutes/case,while LOS savings were 0e3 days/***:Implementation of an SI led to an increase in annual throughput of 42e346(4.4%e36.6%)cases for all procedures and 38 to 297(4.3%e33.3%)cases for complex *** was found to be decreased by 175e614(18.3%e64.2%)days for all procedures and 231 to 614(35.6%e77.9%)cases for complex procedures with the implementation of an ***,this resulted in an increase in net profit of$104,685 per *** ROI of SI over the TI device was>1000%,and the GPM for the TI was 90.0%,while the GPM for the SI was 71.7%.Conclusion:Despite the initial financial investment being greater,the implementation of SI offsets these expenses and yields significant financial *** study demonstrates the financial benefits of SI over TI and illustrates how granular operational and financial analyses of technologies are essential to aid in sound healthcare procurement decision making.

关键词： Insufflation Airseal Surgical efficiency Financial impact

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Stability and stabilization of a class of switched stochastic systems with saturation control

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第12期64卷 147-159页

作者： Yingxin GUO Shuzhi sam GE Jianting FU Chao XU School of Mathematical Sciences Qufu Normal University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Chongqing Institutes of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Control Science and Engineering Zhejiang University

A switching system always comprises of several subsystems and a rule supervising the switching between the subsystems. A major problem that is often inherent to all dynamical systems is actuator saturation. Saturation is a nonlinear property that nonlinearly maps small input signals to the output,which may affect the system properties and even destroy them. In this study, stability and stabilization of a class of switched stochastic systems with saturation control was investigated. First, the variation parameter method was used to present the integral form of switched stochastic systems. Second, to guarantee that the zero solution is globally exponentially stable in mean square, two sufficient conditions were obtained using direct computation with Gronwall inequality and indirect method with matrix theory, respectively. Further,another simple sufficient condition was obtained for the stability of the systems using the row norm, column norm, and Frobenius norm. Finally, two examples were used to illustrate the preciseness and effectiveness of the results. Moreover, various control designs were observed to stabilize the systems, which differ from the technique of linear matrix inequalities.

关键词： switched stochastic systems matric theory Gronwall inequality stability

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Adaptive Neural Region Tracking Control of Multi-fully Actuated Ocean Surface Vessels

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2014年第1期1卷 77-83页

作者： Xiaoming Sun Shuzhi sam Ge the Department of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang University (BUAA) the Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore

In this paper, adaptive neural network region tracking control is designed to force a group of fully actuated ocean vessels with limited sensing range to track a common moving target region, in the presence of uncertainties and unknown disturbances. In this control concept, the desired objective is specified as a moving region instead of a stationary point, region or a path. The controllers guarantee the connectivity preservation of the dynamic interaction network, and no collisions happen between any ocean vessels in the group. The tracking control design is based on the artificial potential functions, approximation-based backstepping design technique, and Lyapunov s method. It is proved that under the adaptive neural network control law, the tracking error of each ocean vessel converges to an adjustable neighborhood of the origin, although some of them do not access the desired target region directly. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed approach.

关键词： Artificial neural networks Target tracking Sea surface Collision avoidance Approximation methods

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The use of outcome feedback by emergency medicine physicians: Results of a physician survey

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2019年第1期10卷 14-18页

作者： Rakesh Gupta Isaac Siemens sam Campbell Division of Emergency Medicine McMaster University Department of Family and Community Medicine University of Toronto Department of Emergency Medicine Dalhousie University

BACKGROUND: Feedback on patient outcomes is invaluable to the practice of emergency medicine but examples of effective forms of feedback have not been well characterized in the literature. We describe one system of emergency department(ED) outcome feedback called the return visit report(RVR) and present the results of a survey assessing physicians' perceptions of this novel form of feedback. METHODS: An Opinio web-based survey was conducted in 81 emergency physicians(EPs) at three ***: Of the 81 physicians surveyed, 40(49%) responded. Most participants indicated that they frequently review their RVRs(83%), that RVRs are valuable to their practice of medicine(80%), and that RVRs alter their practice in future encounters(57%). Respondents reported seeking other forms of outcome feedback including speaking with other EPs(83%) and reviewing discharge summaries of admitted patients(87%). There was no correlation between demographic data and use of ***: EPs value RVRs as a form of feedback. RVRs could be improved by reducing the observational interval and optimizing report relevance and differential weighting.

关键词：小学英语课外阅读阅读材料

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Potential relevance of pig gut content transplantation for production and research

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第3期10卷 540-558页

作者： Nuria Canibe Mark O’Dea sam Abraham Department of Animal Science Aarhus UniversityAU-FOULUMPO BOX 508830 TjeleDenmark Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Disease laboratory College of ScienceHealthEngineering and EducationMurdoch UniversityWestern AustraliaAustralia

It is becoming increasingly evident that the gastrointestinal microbiota has a significant impact on the overall health and production of the *** has led to intensified research on the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota,factors affecting it,and the impact of the microbiota on health,growth performance,and more recently,behavior of the *** production research has been heavily focused on assessing the effects of feed additives and dietary modifications to alter or take advantage of select characteristics of gastrointestinal microbes to improve health and feed conversion *** on faecal microbiota transplantation(FMT) as a possible tool to improve outcomes in pigs through manipulation of the gastrointestinal microbiome is very recent and limited data is *** on FMT in humans demonstrating the transfer of phenotypic traits from donors to recipients and the high efficacy of FMT to treat Clostridium difficile infections in humans,together with data from pigs relating GI-tract microbiota composition with growth performance has likely played an important role in the interest towards this strategy in pig ***,several factors can influence the impact of FMT on the recipient,and these need to be identified and optimized before this tool can be applied to pig *** are obvious inherent biosecurity and regulatory issues in this strategy,since the donor's microbiome can never be completely screened for all possible non-desirable ***,considering the success observed in humans,it seems worth investigating this strategy for certain applications in pig ***,FMT research may lead to the identification of specific bacterial group(s) essential for a particular outcome,resulting in the development of banks of clones which can be used as targeted therapeutics,rather than the broader approach applied in *** review examines the factors associated with the use of FMT,and its pote

关键词： Clostridium difficile Faecal-microbiota-transplantation Feed conversion Gastrointestinal tract Health Microbiota Pig model Pigs

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Optimal control and energy storage for DC electric train systems using evolutionary algorithms

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Railway Engineering Science 2021年第4期29卷 327-335页

作者： sam Nallaperuma David Fletcher Robert Harrison University of Cambridge CambridgeUK University of Sheffield SheffieldUK

Electrified railways are becoming a popular transport medium and these consume a large amount of electrical *** concerns demand reduction in energy use and peak power demand of railway ***,high transmission losses in DC railway systems make local storage of energy an increasingly attractive *** optimisation framework based on genetic algorithms is developed to optimise a DC electric rail network in terms of a comprehensive set of decision variables including storage size,charge/discharge power limits,timetable and train driving style/trajectory to maximise benefits of energy storage in reducing railway peak power and energy *** results for the considered real-world networks show a reduction of energy consumption in the range 15%–30%depending on the train driving style,and reduced power peaks.

关键词： Autonomous control Intelligent transport systems Energy optimisation DC railway systems Energy regeneration

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Post-translational regulation of inflammasomes

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第1期14卷 65-79页

作者： Jie Yang Zhonghua Liu Tsan sam Xiao Department of Pathology Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH 44106-7288 USA Graduate Program in Physiology and Biophysics Department of Physiology and Biophysics Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH 44106-7288 USA

Infiammasomes play essential roles in immune protection against microbial infections. However, excessive inflammation is implicated in various human diseases, including autoinflammatory syndromes, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, cardiovascular disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, precise regulation of inflammasome activities is critical for adequate immune protection while limiting collateral tissue damage. In this review, we focus on the emerging roles of post-translational modifications （PTMs） that regulate activation of the NLRP3, NLRP1, NLRC4, AIM2 and IFI16 inflammasomes. We anticipate that these types of PTMs will be identified in other types of and less well-characterized inflammasomes. Because these highly diverse and versatile PTMs shape distinct inflammatory responses in response to infections and tissue damage, targeting the enzymes involved in these PTMs will undoubtedly offer opportunities for precise modulation of inflammasome activities under various pathophysiological conditions.

关键词： inflammasome phosphorylation post-translational modifications ubiquitination

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