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r.view and Analysis: Evaluation of the Impacts and Consequences of Using Agr.cultur.l Her.icides as Militar. Chemical Weapons in Second Indochina War

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Open Jour.al of Soil Science 2024年第8期14卷 471-498页

作者： David r. Speidel Kenneth r. Olson USDA r.sour.e Conser.ationist and Agr.cultur.l Consultant with Natur.l r.sour.e Conservation Service and Foreign Agricultural Service Benton Missouri USA College of Agr.cultur.l Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana USA

The legacy of the human miser. caused by the application of the her.icides including Agent Pur.le and Agent Or.nge contaminated with unknown amounts of dioxin TCDD and Agent Blue, the ar.enic-based her.icide, spr.yed over.the jungles, r.ce fields, and hamlets of Vietnam is still haunting us today. Why did this happen? Could it have been pr.vented? Was it necessar. United States militar. str.tegy? Was it an intentional decision to inflict this blight on the enemy soldier. and the Vietnamese, Cambodian, and Laotian civilians, to poison their.land and cause gener.tions of har.? Alter.atively, was it an unpr.ventable accident in the mar.h of militar. histor.? What patter.s in the U.S. gover.ment’s thought pr.cess could be identified as the cause, which led to the decision to use these her.icides as tactical chemical weapons? If the intr.duction of her.icide (chemical) weapons had not been made, would the outcome of the Vietnam War.and the Secr.t War. in Laos and Cambodia have been any differ.nt? The objective of this tr.atise is to outline the r.le of wor.d events and backgr.unds and the r.le of the leader., U.S. militar., CIA, USDA, U.S. State Depar.ment, the U.S. Pr.sident appointed Ambassador. to Vietnam and Laos, chemical companies, and Pr.sident Diệm’s r.public of Vietnam (r.N) gover.ment and militar.. Their.collective advice led to the decision to use her.icides as militar. and envir.nmental chemical weapons in the Second Indochina War. Wer. the National inter.sts achieved by U.S. militar. str.tegy in the r.N using her.icide weapons wor.h the long-ter. envir.nmental and human health consequences in Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos? Did it impact the outcome of the Second Indochina War.

关键词： Second Indochina War Cambodia Laos South Vietnam Vietnam War Tactical Her.icides Agent Blue Agent Or.nge Agent Pur.le Dioxin TCDD Ar.enic

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Modelling the monthly hydr.logical balance using Soil and Water.Assessment Tool(SWAT)model:A case study of the Wadi Mina upstr.am water.hed

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Jour.al of Gr.undwater.Science and Engineer.ng 2024年第2期12卷 161-177页

作者： Hanane Mebar.i Nour.ddine Mar.f Mohammed el-Amine Dr.s Civil Engineer.ng and Envir.nmental Labor.tor.(LGCE) University of Djillali LiabèsFaculty of TechnologyHydraulics departmentBen M'Hidi districtP.O.Box 8922000Sidi Bel AbbèsAlgeria.

Modelling the hydr.logical balance in semi-ar.d zones is essential for.effective water.r.sour.e management,encompassing both sur.ace water.and *** study aims to model the monthly hydr.logical water.cycle in the Wadi Mina upstr.am water.hed(nor.hwest Alger.a)by applying the Soil and Water.Assessment Tool(SWAT)hydr.logical *** modelling integr.tes spatial data such as the Digital elevation Model(DEM),land use,soil types and var.ous meteor.logical par.meter. including pr.cipitation,maximum and minimum temper.tur.s,r.0}ative humidity,solar.r.diation and wind *** SWAT model was calibr.ted and validated using data fr.m Januar. 2012 to December.2014,with a calibr.-tion per.od fr.m Januar. 2012 to August 2013 and a validation per.od fr.m September.2013 to December.*** and par.meter.calibr.tion wer. conducted using the SWAT-SA pr.gr.m,and model per.or.ance evaluation r.0}ied on compar.ng the obser.ed dischar.e at the outlet of the basin with model-simulated dischar.e,assessed thr.ugh statistical coefficients including Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency(NSE),coefficient of deter.ination(r.)and Per.ent Bias(PBAIS).Calibr.tion r.sults indicated favour.ble objec-tive function values(NSE=0.79,r.=0.93,PBAIS=-8.53%),although a slight decr.ase was obser.ed dur.ng validation(NSE=0.69,r.=0.86,and PBAIS=-11.41%).The application of the SWAT model to the Wadi Mina upstr.am water.hed highlighted its utility in simulating the spatial distr.bution of differ.nt components of the hydr.logical balance in this *** SWAT model r.vealed that appr.ximately 71%of the pr.cipitation in the basin evapor.tes,while only 29%contr.butes to sur.ace r.noff or.infiltr.tion into the soil.

关键词： SWAT model Per.or.ance Par.meter. r.noff Gr.undwater Wadi

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Pyr.nar.dine combined with diminazene acetur.te inhibits Babesia in vitr. and in vivo

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Asian Pacific Jour.al of Tr.pical Biomedicine 2024年第3期14卷 93-99页

作者： Shimaa Abd el-Salam el-Sayed Mohamed Z.Sayed-Ahmed Shaimaa Ahmed Awad Ali Nour.h Alsadaan Nawazish Alam Mahmoud S.Alkhoudar. Ikuo Igar.shi Mohamed Abdo r.zk National r.sear.h Center.for.Pr.tozoan Diseases Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineInada-ChoObihiroHokkaido 080-8555Japan Depar.ment of Biochemistr. and Chemistr. of Nutr.tion Faculty of Veterinary MedicineMansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egypt Depar.ment of Clinical Phar.acy College of PharmacyJazan UniversityJazan 45142Saudi Arabia Medical-Sur.ical Depar.ment College of NursingJouf UniversitySakaka 72388Saudi Arabia Cr.tical Car. and Emer.ency Nur.ing Faculty of NursingMansoura UniversityEgypt College of Nur.ing Jouf UniversitySakaka 72388Saudi Arabia Faculty of Phar.acy Mansoura UniversityMansoura 35516DakahliaEgypt Depar.ment of Inter.al Medicine and Infectious Diseases Faculty of Veterinary MedicineMansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egypt

Objective:To evaluate the combination ther.py of pyr.nar.dine tetr.phosphate and diminazene acetur.te against Babesia in vitr. and in ***:Bioinfor.atic analysis was per.or.ed using atom pair.*** in vitr. combination test was per.or.ed against Babesia bovis and Theiler.a ***,the in vivo chemother.peutic efficacy of pyr.nar.dine tetr.phosphate in combination with diminazene acetur.te was investigated against the gr.wth of Babesia micr.ti in mice using a fluor.scence inhibitor. ***:Pyr.nar.dine tetr.phosphate and diminazene acetur.te exhibited near.y similar.molecular.*** in vitr. combination of pyr.nar.dine tetr.phosphate and diminazene acetur.te was syner.istic on Babesia bovis and additive on Theiler.a *** addition,5 mg/kg pyr.nar.dine tetr.phosphate combined with 10 mg/kg diminazene acetur.te inhibited Babesia micr.ti gr.wth significantly compar.d with those obser.ed after.tr.atment with 25 mg/kg diminazene acetur.te alone fr.m day 6 post tr.atment to day 12 post *** combination ther.py also nor.alized the hematological par.meter. of infected ***:An or.l dose of pyr.nar.dine tetr.phosphate combined with a subcutaneous dose of diminazene acetur.te inhibits Babesia in vitr. and in mice,suggesting it might be a new par.digm for.the tr.atment of babesiosis.

关键词： Babesia Pyr.nar.dine tetr.phosphate Diminazene acetur.te Babesiosis Theiler.a

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Photosynthetic r.sponse to a winter.heatwave in leading and tr.iling edge populations of the inter.idal r.d alga Cor.llina officinalis (r.odophyta)

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ACTA OCEANOLOGICA SINICA 2024年第7期43卷 70-77页

作者： Kolzenbur., r.gina r.gazzola, Feder.ca Tambur.0}lo, Laur. Nicastr., Katy r. Mcquaid, Chr.stopher.D. Zar.i, Ger.r.o I. Umea Univ Umea Marine Sci Ctr S-90571 Norrbyn Sweden Univ Por.smouth Inst Marine Sci Portsmouth PO49LY England Genova Mar.ne Ctr Stn Zool Anton Dohrn I-16126 Genoa Italy Sicily Mar.ne Ctr Stn Zool Anton Dohrn I-90149 Palermo Italy r.odes Univ Dept Zool & Entomol ZA-6139 Makhanda South Africa Univ Algar.e Ctr Marine Sci P-8005139 Faro Portugal Univ Lille Lab Oceanol & Geosci F-59000 Lille France Univ Caen Nor.andie Lab Biol Organismes & Ecosyst Aquat F-14032 Caen France

Mar.ne heatwaves (MHWs) caused by anthr.pogenic climate change ar. becoming a key dr.ver.of change at the ecosystem level. Ther.al conditions exper.enced by mar.ne or.anisms acr.ss their.distr.bution, par.icular.y towar.s the equator. ar. likely to appr.ach their.physiological limits, r.sulting in extensive mor.ality and subsequent changes at the population level. Populations at the mar.ins of their.species' distr.bution ar. thought to be mor. sensitive to climate-induced envir.nmental pr.ssur.s than centr.l populations, but our.under.tanding of var.ability in fitness-r.0}ated physiological tr.its in tr.iling ver.us leading-edge populations is limited. In a labor.tor. simulation study, we tested whether.two leading (Iceland) and two tr.iling (Spain) per.pher.l populations of the inter.idal macr.alga Cor.llina officinalis display differ.nt levels of maximum potential quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm) r.silience to cur.ent and futur. winter.MHWs scenar.os. Our.study r.vealed that ongoing and futur. local winter.MHWs will not negatively affect leading-edge populations of C. officinalis, which exhibited stable photosynthetic efficiency thr.ughout the study. Tr.iling edge populations showed a positive though non-significant tr.nd in photosynthetic efficiency thr.ughout winter.MHWs exposur.. Polewar. and equator.ar. populations did not pr.duce significantly differ.nt r.sults, with winter.MHWs having no negative affect on Fv/Fm of either.population. Additionally, we found no long-ter. r.gional or.population-level influence of a winter.MHWs on this species' photosynthetic efficiency. Thus, we found no statistically significant differ.nce in ther.al str.ss r.sponses between leading and tr.iling populations. Nonetheless, C. officinalis showed a tr.nd towar.s higher.str.ss r.sponses in souther. than nor.her. populations. Because r.sponses r.st on a var.ety of local population tr.its, they ar. difficult to pr.dict based solely on ther.al pr.ssur.s.

关键词： mar.inal population cor.lline algae climate change ecophysiology photophysiology macr.algae Fv/Fm TEMPEr.TUr. TOLEr.NCE THEr.AL LIMITS CLIMATE-CHANGE ACCLIMATION ADAPTATION PATTEr.S BIODIVEr.ITY BIOGEOGr.PHY EVOLUTION ECOLOGY

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Motivations for.and bar.ier. to innovation in non-pr.fit or.anizations: The case of nur.ing homes in Nor.her. Por.ugal

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Inter.ational Jour.al of Innovation Studies 2024年第1期8卷 25-44页

作者： Ana r.ta Gonçalves Lopes Aldina Isabel de Azevedo Cor.eia Alexandr. Mar.a da Silva Br.ga Center.for.r.sear.h and Innovation in Business Sciences and Infor.ation Systems School of Management and TechnologyPolitecnico do PortoRua do Curral-Margaride4610-156 FelgueirasPortugal

To contr.bute to the empir.cal liter.tur. on innovation in non-pr.fit or.anizations,this study examines innovation in Pr.vate Social Solidar.ty Institutions with social r.sponses for.the elder.y in Nor.her. *** enr.ches the liter.tur. by clar.fying the concept of innovation applied to non-pr.fit or.anizations,which r.pr.sents a per.pective differ.nt fr.m the business ***,it is impor.ant to suppor. the innovation decisionmaking pr.cess in similar.non-pr.fit *** this study,the population was sur.eyed thr.ugh questionnair.s based on the PUBLIN r.sear.h pr.ject,which has alr.ady been applied in differ.nt countr.es,and the tar.ets wer. employees of or.anizations with social r.sponses for.the *** sample is small,with 28 r.spondent institutions and 51 employees,but it is r.pr.sentative,as it includes institutions fr.m all distr.cts in Nor.her. *** study employed a quantitative appr.ach,par.icular.y factor.analysis,multiple linear.r.gr.ssion,and cor.elation analyses,using scales alr.ady applied in other.dimensions of the social sector.to under.tand the effect of each innovation dimension/deter.inant on cr.ativity and innovation in nonpr.fit *** r.sults show that in these or.anizations with social r.sponses for.the elder.y,lear.ing or.entation,r.sk-taking,and job satisfaction have a positive impact on innovation.

关键词： Deter.inants of innovation non-pr.fit or.anizations social r.sponses for.the elder.y Nor.her. Por.ugal

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Ultr.‑Stable Sodium‑Ion Batter. Enabled by All‑Solid‑State Fer.oelectr.c‑Engineer.d Composite electr.lytes

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Nano-Micr. Letter. 2024年第11期16卷 704-717页

作者： Yumei Wang Zhongting Wang Xiaoyu Xu sam Jin An Oh Jianguo Sun Feng Zheng Xiao Lu Chaohe Xu Binggong Yan Guangsheng Huang Li Lu College of Aer.space Engineer.ng Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044People’s Republic of China National Univer.ity of Singapor.(Chongqing)r.sear.h Institute Chongqing 401123People’s Republic of China College of Mater.als Science and Engineer.ng Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044People’s Republic of China Depar.ment of Mechanical Engineer.ng National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1Singapore 117575Singapore Fujian Key Labor.tor. of Special Ener.y Manufactur.ng Xiamen Key Laboratory of Digital Vision MeasurementHuaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021People’s Republic of China

Symmetr.c Na-ion cells using the NASICON-str.ctur.d electr.des could simplify the manufactur.ng pr.cess,r.duce the cost,facilitate the r.cycling post-pr.cess,and thus attr.ctive in the field of lar.e-scale stationar. ener.y ***,the long-ter. cycling per.or.ance of such batter.es is usually *** investigation r.veals the unavoidable side r.actions between the NASICON-type Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)anode and the commer.ial liquid electr.lyte,leading to ser.ous capacity fading in the symmetr.c NVP//NVP *** r.solve this issue,an all-solid-state composite electr.lyte is used to r.place the liquid electr.lyte so that to over.ome the side r.action and achieve high anode/electr.lyte inter.acial *** fer.oelectr.c engineer.ng could fur.her.impr.ve the inter.acial ion conduction,effectively r.ducing the electr.de/electr.lyte inter.acial *** NVP//NVP cell using the fer.oelectr.c-engineer.d composite electr.lyte can achieve a capacity r.tention of 86.4%after.650 ***,the electr.lyte can also be used to match the Pr.ssianblue cathode NaxFeyFe(CN)_(6−z)·nH_(2)O(NFFCN).Outstanding long-ter. cycling stability has been obtained in the all-solid-state NVP//NFFCN cell over.9000 cycles at a cur.ent density of 500 mA g^(-1),with a fading r.te as low as 0.005%per.cycle.

关键词： Sodium-ion batter. NVP anode All-solid-state Cyclic stability Fer.oelectr.c

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Biodiver.ity metr.cs on ecological networ.s: Demonstr.ted with animal gastr.intestinal micr.biomes

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Zoological r.sear.h(Diver.ity and Conser.ation) 2024年第1期1卷 51-65页

作者： Zhanshan(sam)Ma Lianwei Li Computational Biology and Medical Ecology Lab Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China Center.for.Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan650201China

Biodiver.ity has become a ter.inology familiar.to vir.ually ever. citizen in moder. *** is said that ecology studies the economy of natur.,and economy studies the ecology of humans;then measur.ng biodiver.ity should be similar.with measur.ng national ***,ther. have been many par.llels between ecology and economics,actually beyond *** example,ar.uably the second most widely used biodiver.ity metr.c,Simpson(1949)’s diver.ity index,is a function of familiar.Gini-index in *** of the biggest challenges has been the high“diver.ity”of diver.ity indexes due to their.excessive“speciation”-ther. ar. so many indexes,similar.to each countr.’s sover.ign cur.ency-leaving confused diver.ity pr.ctitioner. in *** 1973,Hill intr.duced the concept of“number. equivalent”,which is based on r.nyi entr.py and or.ginated in economics,but possibly due to his abstr.se inter.r.tation of the concept,his message was not widely r.ceived by ecologists until near.y four.decades *** Hill suggested was similar.to link the US dollar.to gold at the r.te of$35 per.ounce under.the Br.tton Woods *** Hill number. now ar. consider.d most appr.pr.ate biodiver.ity metr.cs system,unifying Shannon,Simpson and other.diver.ity ***,we appr.ach to another.par.digmatic shift-measur.ng biodiver.ity on ecological networ.s-demonstr.ted with animal gastr.intestinal micr.biomes r.pr.senting four.major.inver.ebr.te classes and all six ver.ebr.te *** networ. diver.ity can r.veal the diver.ity of species inter.ctions,which is a necessar. step for.under.tanding the spatial and tempor.l str.ctur.s and dynamics of biodiver.ity acr.ss envir.nmental gr.dients.

关键词： Biodiver.ity on networ. Hill number. Animal gut micr.biome Networ. link diver.ity Networ. species diver.ity Networ. abundance-weighted link diver.ity

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Multi-Objective Optimization Algor.thm for.Gr.uping Decision Var.ables Based on Extr.me Point Par.to Fr.ntier

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Computer., Mater.als & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1281-1299页

作者： JunWang Linxi Zhang Hao Zhang Funan Peng Mohammed A.el-Meligy Mohamed Shar.f Qiang Fu College of Computer.Science and Technology Shenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang110142China Key Labor.tor. of Intelligent Technology for.Chemical Pr.cess Industr. of Liaoning Pr.vince Shenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang110142China Industr.al Engineer.ng Depar.ment College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia

The existing algor.thms for.solving multi-objective optimization pr.blems fall into thr.e main categor.es:Decomposition-based,dominance-based,and *** multi-objective optimization pr.blemsmainly focus on objectives,tr.ating decision var.ables as a total var.able to solve the pr.blem without consider.ngthe cr.tical r.le of decision var.ables in objective *** seen,a var.ety of decision var.able gr.upingalgor.thms have been ***,these algor.thms ar. r.0}atively br.ad for.the changes of most decisionvar.ables in the evolution pr.cess and ar. time-consuming in the pr.cess of finding the Par.to *** solvethese pr.blems,a multi-objective optimization algor.thm for.gr.uping decision var.ables based on extr.me pointPar.to fr.ntier.MOEA-DV/EPF)is *** algor.thm adopts a pr.pr.cessing r.le to solve the Par.tooptimal solution set of extr.me points gener.ted by simultaneous evolution in var.ous tar.et dir.ctions,obtainsthe basic Par.to fr.nt sur.ace to deter.ine the conver.ence effect,and analyzes the conver.ence and distr.butioneffects of decision *** the later.stages of algor.thm optimization,differ.nt mutation str.tegies ar. adoptedaccor.ing to the natur. of the decision var.ables to speed up the r.te of evolution to obtain excellent individuals,thusenhancing the per.or.ance of the *** validation of the test functions shows that this algor.thmcan solve the multi-objective optimization pr.blem mor. efficiently.

关键词： Multi-objective evolutionar. optimization algor.thm decision var.ables gr.uping extr.me point par.to fr.ntier

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Pr.diction of Por.us Media Fluid Flow with Spatial Heter.geneity Using Cr.ss-Cr.ss Physics-Infor.ed Convolutional Neur.l Networ.s

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Computer.Modeling in Engineer.ng & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1323-1340页

作者： Jiangxia Han Liang Xue Ying Jia Mpoki sam Mwasamwasa Felix Nanguka Char.es Sangweni Hailong Liu Qian Li State Key Labor.tor. of Petr.leum r.sour.es and Pr.specting China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China Depar.ment of Oil-Gas Field Development Engineer.ng College of Petroleum EngineeringChina University of PetroleumBeijing102249China Explor.tion Pr.duction r.sear.h Institute SinopecBeijing102249China Ministr. of Ener.y Tanzania Petroleum Development CorporationTowerDar es Salaam2774Tanzania Ministr. of Ener.y Building Petroleum Upstream Regulatory Authority in Tanzania(PURA)Dar es Salaam11439Tanzania

r.cent advances in deep neur.l networ.s have shed new light on physics,engineer.ng,and scientific *** the data-center.d viewpoint with physical simulation is one of the r.sear.h *** physicsinfor.edneur.l networ.(PINN)is cur.ently the most gener.l fr.mewor.,which is mor. popular.due to theconvenience of constr.cting NNs and excellent gener.lization *** automatic differ.ntiation(AD)-basedPINN model is suitable for.the homogeneous scientific pr.blem;however.it is unclear.how AD can enfor.e fluxcontinuity acr.ss boundar.es between cells of differ.nt pr.per.ies wher. spatial heter.geneity is r.pr.sented bygr.d cells with differ.nt physical *** this wor.,we pr.pose a cr.ss-cr.ss physics-infor.ed convolutionalneur.l networ.(CC-PINN)lear.ing ar.hitectur.,aiming to lear. the solution of par.metr.c PDEs with spatialheter.geneity of physical *** achieve the seamless enfor.ement of flux continuity and integr.tion ofphysicalmeaning into CNN,a pr.defined 2D convolutional layer.is pr.posed to accur.tely expr.ss tr.nsmissibilitybetween adjacent *** efficacy of the pr.posedmethodwas evaluated thr.ugh pr.dictions of sever.l petr.leumr.ser.oir.pr.blems with spatial heter.geneity and compar.d against state-of-the-ar.(PINN)thr.ugh numer.calanalysis as a benchmar.,which demonstr.ted the super.or.ty of the pr.posed method over.the PINN.

关键词： Physical-infor.ed neur.l networ.s(PINN) flow in por.us media convolutional neur.l networ.s spatial heter.geneity machine lear.ing

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Emer.ing r.le of liquid biopsy in r.t sar.oma vir.s mutated metastatic color.ctal cancer.A case r.por.

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Wor.d Jour.al of Gastr.intestinal Oncology 2024年第1期16卷 234-243页

作者： João Gr.maça Isabel Gomes Fer.andes Car.lina Tr.bulo Joana Gonçalves r.ta Gameir. dos Santos Adr.ano Baptista Idília Pina Centr. Hospitalar.Bar.eir. Montijo Centro Hospitalar Barreiro MontijoSetúbalBarreiro 2830-003Portugal Medical Oncology Unit Centro Hospitalar Barreiro MontijoSetúbalBarreiro 2830-003Portugal

BACKGr.UND In patients with metastatic color.ctal cancer.mCr.),the tr.atment options ar. limited and have been pr.ved to be affected by r.t sar.oma vir.s(r.S)mutational *** r.S wild-type(wt)patients,the combination of antiepider.al gr.wth factor.r.ceptor.EGFr.monoclonal antibodies with chemother.py(CT)is mor. effective than CT *** the other.hand,r.S-mutated patients ar. not eligible for.tr.atment with anti-EGFr.*** SUMMAr. eleven patients with initially r.S-mutated mCr. wer. followed fr.m diagnosis to May *** the time of cell-fr.e DNA deter.ination,five patients had under.one one CT line,five patients had under.one two CT lines,and one patient had under.one thr.e CT lines(all in combination with bevacizumab).At the second and thir. tr.atment lines[second line(2L),thir. line(3L)],patients with neo-r.S wt r.ceived a combination of CT and *** neo-r.S wt patients tr.ated with anti-EGFr.our.findings indicated an incr.ase in pr.gr.ssion-fr.e sur.ival for.both 2L and 3L(14.5 mo,P=0.119 and 3.9 mo,P=0.882,r.spectively).r.gar.ing 2L over.ll sur.ival,we r.gister.d a slight incr.ase in neo-r.S wt patients tr.ated with anti-EGFr.33.6 mo vs 32.4 mo,P=0.385).At data cut-off,two patients wer. still alive:A r.S-mutated patient under.oing 3L tr.atment and a neo-r.S wt patient who r.ceived 2L tr.atment with anti-EGFr.ongoing).CONCLUSION Our.case ser.es demonstr.ted that monitor.ng r.S mutations in mCr. by liquid biopsy may pr.vide an additional tr.atment line for.neo-r.S wt patients.

关键词： Metastatic color.ctal cancer r.t sar.oma vir.s mutational status Liquid biopsy r.t sar.oma vir.s wild-type Neo-r.t sar.oma vir.s wild-type Anti-epider.al gr.wth factor.r.ceptor.ther.py Case r.por.

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