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Corneal collagen cross-linking in patients with keratoconus from the dresden protocol to customized solutions:theoretical basis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第5期17卷 951-962页

作者： Ciro Caruso Luca d’Andrea Mario Troisi Michele Rinaldi Raffaele Piscopo salvatore Troisi Ciro Costagliola Corneal Transplant Center Pellegrini HospitalVia Portamedina alla Pignasecca 41Napoli 80127Italy Eye Clinic Department of NeurosciencesReproductive and Odontostomatological SciencesUniversity of Naples Federico IINaples 80131Italy Public Health department University of Naples Federico IINaples 80131Italy Salerno Hospital University Ophthalmologic UnitBaronissiCampania 84131Italy

Keratoconus is an ectatic condition characterized by gradual corneal thinning,corneal protrusion,progressive irregular astigmatism,corneal fibrosis,and visual *** therapeutic options regarding improvement of visual function include glasses or soft contact lenses correction for initial stages,gas-permeable rigid contact lenses,scleral lenses,implantation of intrastromal corneal ring or corneal transplants for most advanced *** keratoconus cases showing disease progression corneal collagen crosslinking(CXL)has been proven to be an effective,minimally invasive and safe *** consists of a photochemical reaction of corneal collagen by riboflavin stimulation with ultraviolet A radiation,resulting in stromal crosslinks *** aim of this review is to carry out an examination of CXL methods based on theoretical basis and mathematical models,from the original dresden protocol to the most recent developments in the technique,reporting the changes proposed in the last 15y and examining the advantages and disadvantages of the various treatment ***,the limits of non-standardized methods and the perspectives offered by a customization of the treatment are highlighted.

关键词： corneal collagen cross linking keratoconus custom fast protocol dresden protocol lambert-beer law Bunsen-roscoe law

Epidemiology,therapy and outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma between 2010 and 2019 in Piedmont,Italy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第3期16卷 761-772页

作者： Christian Bracco Marta Gallarate Marco Badinella Martini Corrado Magnino salvatore d'Agnano Roberta Canta Giulia Racca Remo Melchio Cristina Serraino Valentina Polla Mattiot Giovanni Gollè Luigi Fenoglio department of Internal Medicine Santa Croce e Carle General HospitalCuneo 12100Italy department of Medical Sciences "City of Health and Science"University HospitalTorino 10100Italy

BACKGROUNd Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common primary liver malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer deaths *** is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and therefore its prognosis remains poor with a low 5-year survival *** patients have increasingly complex and constantly changing characteristics,thus up-to-date and comprehensive data are *** To analyze the epidemiology and main clinical characteristics of HCC patients in a referral center hospital in the northwest of Italy between 2010 and *** In this retrospective study,we analyzed the clinical data of all consecutive patients with a new diagnosis of HCC recorded at"Santa Croce e Carle"Hospital in Cuneo(Italy)between 1 January 2010 and 31 december *** highlight possible changes in HCC patterns over the 10-year period,we split the population into two 5-year groups,according to the diagnosis period(2010-2014 and 2015-2019).RESULTS Of the 328 HCC patients who were included(M/F 255/73;mean age 68.9±11.3 years),154 in the first period,and 174 in the *** C virus infection was the most common HCC risk factor(41%,135 patients).The alcoholic etiology rate was 18%,the hepatitis B virus infection etiology was 5%,and the non-viral/non-alcoholic etiology rate was 22%.The Child-Pugh score distribution of the patients was:class A 75%,class B 21%and class C 4%.The average Mayo end-stage liver disease score was 10.6±3.7.A total of 55 patients(17%)were affected by portal vein thrombosis and 158(48%)by portal *** average nodule size of the HCC was 4.6±3.1 cm.A total of 204 patients(63%)had more than one noduled 92%(305 patients)had a non-metastatic stage of the *** Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC)staging distribution of all patients was:4%very early,32%early,23%intermediate,34%advanced,and 7%*** survival rate was 1.6±0.3 *** 20%of the patients underwent ***,presence of ascites,BCLC stage and therapy w

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis virus Alcoholic hepatitis Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease diagnosis Etiology Treatment

Chitin-glucan improves important pathophysiological features of irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第16期30卷 2258-2271页

作者： Caroline Valibouze Caroline dubuquoy Philippe Chavatte Michaël Genin Veronique Maquet salvatore Modica Pierre desreumaux Christel Rousseaux department of digestive Surgery and Transplantation Lille UniversityLille 59037France Intestinal Biotech development Facultéde MédicineLille 59045France U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Universitéde LilleLille 59000France ULR 2694-METRICS Évaluation des Technologies de santéet des Pratiques MédicalesUniversity of LilleLille 59000France KitoZyme SA Institution SociétéAnonymeZone 2Parc des Hauts SartsRue de MilmortHerstal 4040Belgium Hepato-Gastroenterology department Lille University HospitalLille 59037France

BACKGROUNd Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is one of the most frequent and debilitating conditions leading to gastroenterological ***,recommended treatments remain limited,yielding only limited therapeutic ***-glucan(CG)is a novel dietary prebiotic classically used in humans at a dosage of 1.5-3.0 g/d and is considered a safe food ingredient by the European Food Safety *** provide an alternative approach to managing patients with IBS,we performed preclinical molecular,cellular,and animal studies to evaluate the role of chitin-glucan in the main pathophysiological mechanisms involved in *** To evaluate the roles of CG in visceral analgesia,intestinal inflammation,barrier function,and to develop computational molecular *** Visceral pain was recorded through colorectal distension(CRd)in a model of long-lasting colon hypersensitivity induced by an intra-rectal administration of TNBS[15 milligrams(mg)/kilogram(kg)]in 33 Sprague-dawley *** pressure was regularly assessed during the 9 wk-experiment(weeks 0,3,5,and 7)in animals receiving CG(n=14)at a human equivalent dose(HEd)of 1.5 g/d or 3.0 g/d and compared to negative control(tap water,n=11)and positive control(phloroglucinol at 1.5 g/d HEd,n=8)*** anti-inflammatory effect of CG was evaluated using clinical and histological scores in 30 C57bl6 male mice with colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate(dSS)administered in their drinking water during 14 ***-29 cells under basal conditions and after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)were treated with CG to evaluate changes in pathways related to analgesia μ-opioid receptor(MOR),cannabinoid receptor 2(CB2),peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha,inflammation[interleukin(IL)-10,IL-1b,and IL-8]and barrier function[mucin 2-5AC,claudin-2,zonula occludens(ZO)-1,ZO-2]using the real-time PCR *** modelling of CG,LPS,lipoteichoic acid(LTA),and phospholipomannan(PLM)was developed,and the abili

关键词： Chitin-glucan Irritable bowel syndrome Abdominal pain Inflammation Intestinal barrier Molecular modelling Microbial cell walls chelation

Non-invasive prenatal testing can detect silent cancers in expecting mothers

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Genes & diseases 2024年第2期11卷 585-588页

作者： Alessandro Ottaiano Monica Ianniello Nadia Petrillo Mariachiara Santorsola Luigia de Falco salvatore Giovanni Castaldi Maria Antonietta Castaldi Valentina Giudice Carmine Selleri Giovanni Savarese Unit of Innovative Therapies for Abdominal Metastases Istituto Nazionale Tumori di NapoliIRCCS “G.Pascale”Via Mariano SemmolaNapoli 80131Italy AMES Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale SRLVia Padre Carmine Fico 24Casalnuovo Di Napoli 80013Italy Specialization School of Clinical Pathology Università degli Studi di SalernoVia Giovanni Paolo II 132Fisciano 84084Italy Unit of High-Risk Pregnancy and Prenatal diagnosis University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona”Via San LeonardoSalerno 84125Italy Hematology and Transplant Center University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona”Via San LeonardoSalerno 84125Italy department of Medicine Surgery and Dentistry“Scuola Medica Salernitana”Via Salvador Allende 43Baronissi 84081Italy

Pregnancy is a unique physiological state in which several changes *** of the most important aspects is the maternal immune system,which sets to tolerate the presence of thedeveloping fetus(a semi-allogeneic organism),while at the same time providing protection against pathogens.1 Pregnancy has long been known to affect the risk of certain cancers including breast cancer in the short term,gestational trophoblastic disease(GTd),cervical cancer,and melanoma.2,3 The reasons for the increased risk of these cancers during pregnancy are not fully understood,but several hypotheses have been proposed as the hormonal and immune system changes.

关键词： mother cancers fetus

Fields, Geometry and Their Impact on Axon Interaction

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2021年第4期9卷 751-778页

作者： Aman Chawla salvatore d.menic morgera Arthur d. Snider Alliance University India and University of South Florida Tampa USA

In this paper, we present a simulation program that allows for the concurrent propagation of action potentials in axons coupled via currents, as well as, for the first time, the computation of the resultant nodal electric field generated as the action potentials traverse the tract of axons. With these fields in hand, we inject currents into nodes of axons that depend on these fields and study the coupling between axons in the presence of the fields and currents present jointly in varying strengths. We find close-to-synchronized propagation in three dimensions. Further, we derive for the first time a mathematical equation for tortuous tracts (as opposed to linear) with such field-mediated coupling. The geometrical formulation enables us to consider spacetime perturbative effects, which have also not been considered in the literature so far. We investigate the case when gravitational radiation is present, in order to determine its impact on tract information processing. We find that action potential relative-timing in a tract is affected by the strength and frequency of gravitational waves and the waning of this influence with weakening strength. This latter study blurs the division between what lies inside and outside man. As an additional novelty, we investigate the influence of geometry on the information transmission capacity of the ephaptically-coupled tract, when viewed as a discrete memoryless channel, and find a rising trend in capacity with increasing axonal inclinations, which may occur in traumatic CNS injury.

关键词： Field-Mediated Axon Interaction Current-Mediated Axon Interaction Metric Perturbations and Axon Interaction Capacity of Interacting Axons

A Continuum Shell Model Including van derWaals Interaction for Free Vibrations of double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2015年第4期104卷 305-327页

作者： salvatore Brischetto department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Politecnico di TorinoCorso Duca degli Abruzzi2410129 TorinoITALY

This paper proposes the free vibration analysis of double-Walled Carbon NanoTubes(dWCNTs).A continuum elastic three-dimensional shell model is used for natural frequency investigation of simply supported *** 3d shell method is compared with beam analyses to show the applicability limits of 1d beam *** effect of van der Waals interaction between the two cylinders is shown for different Carbon NanoTube(CNT)lengths and vibration *** give the van der Waals interaction effect in terms of frequency *** order to apply the 3d shell continuum model,dWCNTs are defined as two concentric isotropic cylinders(with an equivalent thickness and Young modulus)which can be linked by means of the interlaminar continuity conditions or by means of an infinitesimal fictitious layer which represents the van der Waals interaction.

关键词： Exact solution three-dimensional shell model double-walled carbon nanotube van der Waals interaction free vibration

Contrast-enhanced sonography versus biopsy for the differential diagnosis of thrombosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第18期15卷 2245-2251页

作者： Paolo Sorrentino salvatore d'Angelo Luciano Tarantino Umberto Ferbo Alessandra Bracigliano Raffaela Vecchione Liver Unit Clinical and Experimental HepatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineS.G.Moscati Hospital83100 AvellinoItaly department of Biomorphological Science University of Naples Federico Ⅱ80131 NaplesItaly Hepatology and Interventional Ultrasound Unit S.Giovanni di Dio HospitalASL 380027 FrattamaggioreNaplesItaly Institute of Pathology S.G.Moscati Hospital83100 AvellinoItaly

AIM:To clarify which method has accuracy:2nd gen-eration contrast-enhanced ultrasound or biopsy of portal vein thrombus in the differential diagnosis of portal vein ***:One hundred and eighty-six patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and portal vein thrombosis underwent in blinded fashion a 2nd generation contrast-enhanced ultrasound and biopsy of portal vein thrombus;both results were examined on the basis of the follow-up of patients compared to ***:One hundred and eight patients completed the *** thrombosis on 2nd generation contrast-enhanced ultrasound was characterised by progressive hypoenhancing of the thrombus;in malignant portal vein thrombosis there was a precocious homo-geneous enhancement of the *** follow-up there were 50 of 108 patients with benign thrombosis:all were correctly diagnosed by both *** were 58 of 108 patients with malignant thrombosis:amongst these,52 were correctly diagnosed by both methods,the remainder did not present malignant cells on portal vein thrombus biopsy and showed on 2nd generation contrast-enhanced ultrasound an inho-mogeneous enhancement pattern.A new biopsy during the follow-up,guided to the area of thrombus that showed up on 2nd generation contrast-enhanced ultra-sound,demonstrated an enhancing pattern indicating malignant ***:In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma complicated by portal vein thrombosis,2nd generation contrast-enhanced ultrasound of portal vein thrombus is very useful in assessing the benign or malignant nature of the *** biopsy of thrombus is usually accurate but presents some sampling errors,so,when pathological results are required,2nd generation contrast-enhanced ultrasound could guide the sampling needle to the correct area of the thrombus.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma 2nd generationcontrast enhanced ultrasound Contrast enhancedsonography Malignant thrombosis Portal vein biopsy

Epilepsy in Prader-Willi syndrome:clinical,diagnostic and treatment aspects

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2014年第2期10卷 108-113页

作者： Alberto Verrotti Claudia Soldani daniela Laino Renato d'Alonzo salvatore Grosso department of Pediatrics University of PerugiaSant'Andrea delle FrattePerugiaItaly department of Pediatrics University of SienaItaly

Background:Epilepsy associated with Prader-Willi syndrome(PWS)represents an early and important complication,often not clearly reported and described in the ***,there are controversial data about the clinical characteristics of epilepsy and electroencephalographic(EEG)abnormalities found in these *** sources:Based on recent original publications,we have reviewed the different types of seizures and EEG findings in PWS patients,the response to antiepileptic treatment,and the prognosis of ***:The frequency of epilepsy in PWS patients ranges from 4%to 26%.The types of seizure include generalized tonic-clonic seizures,complex partial seizures,atypical absence,staring spells,and myoclonic,tonic and hemiclonic seizures,but the most frequent type is focal *** epilepticus has never been *** abnormalities are not typical but variable in different ***,generalized and focal discharges are the most frequently reported *** is no evidence of relationship between the course of epilepsy and frequency,morphology and spread of EEG ***,epilepsy in PWS patients is usually responsive to antiepileptic monotherapy with rapid seizure control and a good ***:The frequency of epilepsy is higher in PWS patients than in general populations and this complication can be a challenge for the clinicians of these *** studies are needed to confirm the good long-term prognosis.

关键词： epilepsy Prader-Willi syndrome prognosis

Investigating the influence of segmentation in estimating safety performance functions for roadway sections

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2018年第2期5卷 129-136页

作者： salvatore Cafiso Carmelo d'Agostino Bhagwant Persaud department of Civil Engineering & Architecture University of Catania department of Civil Engineering Ryerson University

Safety performance functions（SPFs） are crucial to science-based road safety *** in developing and applying SPFs, apart data quality and availability, depends fundamentally on two key factors： the validity of the statistical inferences for the available data and on how well the data can be organized into distinct homogeneous entities. The latter aspect plays a key role in the identification and treatment of road sections or corridors with problems related to safety. Indeed, the segmentation of a road network could be especially critical in the development of SPFs that could be used in safety management for roadway types, such as motorways（freeways in North America）, which have a large number of variables that could result in very short segments if these are desired to be homogeneous. This consequence, from an analytical point of view, can be a problem when the location of crashes is not precise and when there is an overabundance of segments with zero crashes. Lengthening the segments for developing and applying SPFs can mitigate this problem, but at a sacrifice of homogeneity. This paper seeks to address this dilemma by investigating four approaches for segmentation for motorways, using sample data from Italy. The best results were obtained for the segmentation based on two curves and two tangents within a segment and with fixed length segments. The segmentation characterized by a constant value of all original variables inside each segment was the poorest approach by all measures.

关键词： Road safety management Rural motorways Safety performance functions Segmentation Crash prediction General estimating equation