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Assessing tree crown fire damage integrating linear spectral mixture analysis and supervised machine learning on Sentinel-2 imagery

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International Journal of Digital earth 2023年第1期16卷 3162-3198页

作者： Giandomenico De Luca Giuseppe Modica Joao M.N.Silva salvatore Praticò JoséM.C.Pereira Dipartimento di Agrari1 Universitàdegli Studi Mediterranea di Reggio Calabri1Reggio Calabri1Italy Dipartimento di Scienze veterinarie Universitàdegli Studi di Messin1Messin1Italy Forest Research Centre School of AgricultureUniversity of LisbonLisbonPortugal

Crown fire damage is a mixture of three principal fire-related components:charred material,scorched foliage,and unaltered green *** study estimated the abundance of these physical alterations in two immediate post-fire Mediterranean forest contexts(Portugal and Italy)by applying linear spectral mixture analysis(LSMA)on Sentinel-2 *** tree crowns fire damage was subsequently mapped,integrating fractional abundance information in a random forest(RF)algorithm,comparing the accuracy resulting from the adoption of generic or image spectral libraries as the primary investigative *** image-derived endmembers resulted in more effectiveness in terms of fire-related components abundance quantification(LMSAderived RMSee F-scores always were≥90%whether generic endmembers or image endmembers derived information was *** environmental heterogeneity of the two study areas affected the fire severity gradients,with a prevalence of the charred(PT)(45–46%)and green class(IT)(44–53%).Post-fire temporal monitoring was initialized by applying the proposed strategies,and the preliminary results showed a positive recovery trend in forest vegetation from the first year following the fire event,with a reduced charcoal predominance and an increasing proportion of green components.

关键词： Post-fire assessment fire severity post-fire vegetation recovery random forest(RF) scikit-learn fraction image extraction spectral unmixing endmembers crown fire damage mapping fully constrained least squares pixel purity index

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Frequent Applications of Organic Matter to Agricultural Soil Increase Fungistasis

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Pedosphere 2017年第1期27卷 86-95页

作者： Giuliano BONANOMI salvatore A. GAGLIONe Gaspare CeSARANO Tushar C. SARKeR Marica PASCALe Felice SCALA Astolfo ZOINA Dipartimento di Agraria Universita di Napoli Federico II via Universit& 100 80055 Portici (Italy) CNR-Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante via Universiffz 133 80055 Portici (Italy)

Soil-borne plant pathogens are among the most important limiting factors for the productivity of agro-ecosystems. Fungistasis is the natural capability of soils to inhibit the germination and growth of soil-borne fungi in the presence of optimal abiotic conditions. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of different soil managements, in terms of soil amendment types and frequency of application, on fungistasis. For this purpose, a microcosm experiment was performed by conditioning a soil with frequent applications of organic matter with contrasting biochemical quality （i. e., glucose, alfalfa straw and wheat straw）. Thereafter, the fungistasis response was assessed on four fungi （Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea, Pyrenoehaeta lycopersici and Trichoderma harzianum）. Conditioned soils were characterized by measuring microbial activity （soil respiration） and functional diversity using the BIOLOG ecoPlatesTM method. Results showed that irrespective of the fungal species and amendment types, frequent applications of organic matter reduced fungistasis relief and shortened the time required for fungistasis restoration. The frequent addition of easily decomposable organic compounds enhanced soil respiration and its specific catabolic capabilities. This study demonstrated that frequent applications of organic matter affected soil fungistasis likely as a result of higher microbial activity and functional diversity.

关键词： biological control disease suppression microbial activity microbial functional diversity organic C soil-borne pathogens

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Revisiting a Celebrated Bakerian Lecture

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Optics and Photonics Journal 2019年第4期9卷 37-51页

作者： salvatore Ganci Studio di Catalogazione e Conservazione Strumenti Scientifici Tromello Italy

This paper revisits the optical contributions of Thomas Young to the theory of diffraction and, in particular, some experiments presented in his celebrated “Bakerian Lecture” of 1803. The major input to re-analyze some of Young’s experiments came by a recent paper appeared on an instructional and pedagogical journal. Diffraction experiments of Thomas Young are here revisited with particular reference to the coherence requirements of the white light source to see and measure diffraction fringes by pins, and in general to consider the difficulties in working in a “camera obscura”. If at the beginning of the nineteenth century, the experiments of Optics in a darkroom were considered “simple”, however they needed rooms about 7 meters long, completely darkened out, with a window mostly exposed to south, a darkened window and a small hole practiced on a dark sheet applied to a hole in the window shutter. Often a heliostat should be placed outside and a mirror inside the room to direct the cone of sunlight. Thomas Young worked only with a mirror interior to the darkened room in order to have a cone of light horizontally directed and moving the mirror at each observation. Today, these requirements are not easy to implement. However, only a single measure by Thomas Young will be repeated under his own conditions with a “reduced darkroom” using internally blackened cardboard tubes.

关键词： History of Physics Diffraction Theories Boundary Diffraction Wave Theory Fresnel Diffraction

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Microsurgical tunica albuginea transplantation in an animal model

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第6期19卷 694-699页

作者： salvatore Sansalone Carla Loreto Rosario Leonardi Giuseppe Vespasiani Giuseppe Musumeci Claudia Lombardo Sergio Castorina Venera Cardile Rosario Caltabiano Department of experimental Medicine and Surgery Tor Vergata University Rome Italy Department of Biomedical and Technological Sciences Section of Human Anatomy and Histology University of Catania Catania Italy Musumeci CLinic GECS Catania Italy Department of Bio-Medical Sciences Section of Physiology University of Catania Catania Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technology "G.e Ingrassia" Section of Anatomic Pathology University of Catania Catania Italy.

Several andrological diseases require surgical repair or reconstruction of tunica albuginea, which envelops the corpora cavernosa penis. Despite intense research efforts involving a variety of biological materials, such as skin, muscle aponeurosis, human dura mater, tunica vaginalis, and pericardium, engineered tunica albuginea suitable for graft use is yet to be obtained. The study investigates microsurgical tunica albuginea allotransplantation in an animal model with the purpose of creation of an organ-specific tissue bank to store penile tissue, from cadaveric donors and male-to-female trans-sexual surgery, for allogeneic transplantation. Materials were tunica albuginea tissue explanted from 15 donor rats, cryopreserved at -80~C, gamma-irradiated, and implanted in 15 recipient rats, of which three rats were used as controls. Penile grafts were explanted at different time intervals; after macroscopic evaluation of the organ, the grafts were processed to morphological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical examinations by light microscopy. Detection of pro-inflammatory cytokines was also performed. examination of the tunica albuginea allografts collected 1, 3, or 6 months after surgery and of control tunica albuginea fragments showed that tunica albuginea implants achieved biointegration with adjacent tissue at all-time points. The integration of cryopreserved rat tunica albuginea allografts, documented by our study, encourages the exploration of tunica albuginea allotransplantation in humans. In conclusion, the effectiveness and reliability of the tunica albuginea conditioning protocol described here suggest the feasibility of setting up a tunica albuginea bank as a further tissue bank.

关键词： penile tunica albuginea rat model transplant

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Taper-wedge stem suitable for anterior approach total hip arthroplasty:Adequate biomechanical reconstruction parameters and excellent clinical outcome at mid-term follow-up

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第12期13卷 1047-1055页

作者： Carlo Trevisan Antonino salvatore Lombardo Gianluca Gallinari Marco Zeppieri Raymond Klumpp UOC Ortopedia e Traumatologia Ospedale Bolognini Seriate ASSTBergamo Est 24068Italy Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy UOC Ortopedia e Traumatologia Ospedale Treviglio-Caravaggio ASSTBergamo Ovest 24047Italy

BACKGROUND The direct anterior approach(DAA) for total hip arthroplasty(THA) is a less invasive and muscle-sparing approach that seems to improve early function and patient satisfaction. Several studies, however, have reported high complication and revision rates due to the technical difficulties related to the femoral *** To evaluate the usefulness and safety of a new stem equipped with a morphometric design and a size-specific medial curvature in DAA for *** This retrospective study was based on 130 patients that underwent mini-invasive DAA procedures for THA using the Accolade Ⅱ stem. A total of 144 procedures were included in the assessment, which was based on postoperative complications, survival rates, functional parameters, and patient related *** Overall complications were recorded in 6 procedures(4.2%). There were no complications related to the stem implantation and no intraoperative fractures. Only one patient was revised for deep infection. On radiographs, biomechanical hip reconstruction was satisfactory and no stem showed any subsidence greater than 2 mm. Full osseointegration based on engh scores was seen in all of the implanted stems. Median Harris hip score at final follow-up was 99 points(range 44-100 points), which resulted excellent in 91.3% of patients. The median values of the osteaorthritis outcome score ranged from 87.5 to *** The mid-term positive outcomes and low complication rate in our consecutive series of patients support the safety and suitability of this new stem design in DAA for THA.

关键词： Total hip arthroplasty Orthopedics Direct anterior approach Orthopedic surgery Stem implantation Accolade II stem

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Colorectal cancer and 18FDG-PeT/CT:What about adding the T to the N parameter in loco-regional staging?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第11期17卷 1427-1433页

作者： Pier Paolo Mainenti Delfina Iodice Sabrina Segreto Giovanni Storto Mario Magliulo Giovanni Domenico De Palma Marco salvatore Leonardo Pace Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Naples 80131Italy Department of Biomorphological and Functional Sciences University of Naples"Federico II"Naples 80131Italy Istitituto di Ricovero e Cura a carattere scientifico Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della BasilicataRionero in Vulture 85028 PZItaly Department of General Surgery Geriatry and EndoscopyUniversity of Naples"Federico II"Naples 80131Italy

AIM:To evaluate whether FDG-positron emission tomography(PeT)/computed tomography(CT)may be an accurate technique in the assessment of the T stage in patients with colorectal ***:Thirty four consecutive patients(20 men and 14 women;mean age:63 years)with a histologically proven diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma and scheduled for surgery in our hospital were enrolled in this *** patients underwent FDG-PeT/CT *** primary tumor site and extent were evaluated on PeT/CT *** wall invasion was analysed according to a modified T classification that considers only three stages(≤T2,T3,T4).Assessment of accuracy was carried out using 95%confidence intervals for ***:Thirty five/37(94.6%)adenocarcinomas were identified and correctly located on PeT/CT ***/CT correctly staged the T of 33/35 lesions identified showing an accuracy of 94.3%(95%CI:87%-100%).All T1,T3 and T4 lesions were correctly staged,while two T2 neoplasms were overstated as ***:Our data suggest that FDG-PeT/CT may be an accurate modality for identifying primary tumor and defining its local extent in patients with colorectal cancer.

关键词： Cancer Colorectal Positron emission tomography/computed tomography Staging

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Analysis of surgical and perioperative complications in seventy-five right hepatectomies for living donor liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第20期14卷 3159-3164页

作者： salvatore Gruttadauria James Wallis Marsh Giovan Battista Vizzini Fabrizio di Francesco Angelo Luca Riccardo Volpes Amadeo Marcos Bruno Gridelli Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery Istituto Mediterraneo Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

AIM: To present an analysis of the surgical and perioperative complications in a series of seventy- five right hepatectomies for living-donation (RHLD) performed in our center. MeTHODS: From January 2002 to September 2007, we performed 75 RHLD, defined as removal of a portion of the liver corresponding to Couinaud segments 5-8, in order to obtain a graft for adult to adult living-related liver transplantation (ALRLT). Surgical complications were stratified according to the most recent version of the Clavien classification of postoperative surgical complications. The perioperative period was defined as within 90 d of surgery. ReSULTS: No living donor mortality was present in this series, no donor operation was aborted and no donors received any blood transfusion. Twenty- three (30.6%) living donors presented one or more episodes of complication in the perioperative period. Seven patients (9.33%) out of 75 developed biliary complications, which were the most common complications in our ***: The need to define, categorize and record complications when healthy individuals, such as living donors, undergo a major surgical procedure, such as a right hepatectomy, reflects the need for prompt and detailed reports of complications arising in this particular category of patient. Perioperative complications and post resection liver regeneration are not influenced by anatomic variations or patient demographic.

关键词： Right hepatectomy Surgery Living-relatedliver transplantation Surgical complications

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Genetic background in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第39期21卷 11088-11111页

作者： Fabio salvatore Macaluso Marcello Maida salvatore Petta Section of Gastroenterology DIBIMIS University of Palermo

In the Western world, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is considered as one of the most significant liver diseases of the twenty-first century. Its development is certainly driven by environmental factors, but it is also regulated by genetic background. The role of heritability has been widely demonstratedby several epidemiological, familial, and twin studies and case series, and likely reflects the wide interindividual and inter-ethnic genetic variability in systemic metabolism and wound healing response processes. Consistent with this idea, genome-wide association studies have clearly identified Patatin-like phosholipase domain-containing 3 gene variant I148 M as a major player in the development and progression of NAFLD. More recently, the transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 e167 K variant emerged as a relevant contributor in both NAFLD pathogenesis and cardiovascular outcomes. Furthermore, numerous casecontrol studies have been performed to elucidate the potential role of candidate genes in the pathogenesis and progression of fatty liver, although findings are sometimes contradictory. Accordingly, we performed a comprehensive literature search and review on the role of genetics in NAFLD. We emphasize the strengths and weaknesses of the available literature and outline the putative role of each genetic variant in influencing susceptibility and/or progression of the disease.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Nonal-coholic ste

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Clinical impact of occult hepatitis B virus infection in immunosuppressed patients

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World Journal of Hepatology 2014年第6期6卷 384-393页

作者： evangelista Sagnelli Mariantonietta Pisaturo salvatore Martini Pietro Filippini Caterina Sagnelli Nicola Coppola Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine Section of Infectious DiseasesSecond University of Naples Department of Clinical and experimental Medicine and Surgery "F.Magrassi e A.Lanzara" Second University of Naples

Occult hepatitis B infection(OBI), is characterized by low level hepatitis B virus(HBV) DNA in circulating blood and/or liver tissue. In clinical practice the presence of antibody to hepatitis B core antigen in hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)-/anti-HBs-negative subjects is considered indicative of OBI. OBI is mostly observed in the window period of acute HBV infection in blood donors and in recipients of blood and blood products, in hepatitis C virus chronic carriers, in patients under pharmacological immunosuppression, and in those with immunodepression due to HIV infection or cancer. Reactivation of OBI mostly occurs in anti-HIV-positive subjects, in patients treated with immunosuppressive therapy in onco-hematological settings, in patients who undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, in those treated with anti-CD20 or anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody, or anti-tumor necrosis factors antibody for rheumatological diseases, or chemotherapy for solid tumors. Under these conditions the mortality rate for hepatic failure or progression of the underlying disease due to discontinuation of specific treatment can reach 20%. For patients with OBI, prophylaxis with nucleot(s)ide analogues should be based on the HBV serological markers, the underlying diseases and the type of immunosuppressive treatment. Lamivudine prophylaxis is indicated in hemopoietic stem cell transplantation and in onco-hematological diseases when high dose corticosteroids and rituximab are used; monitoring may be indicated when rituximab-sparing schedules are used, but early treatment should be applied as soon as HBsAg becomes detectable. This review article presents an up-to-date evaluation of the current knowledge on OBI.

关键词： Occult hepatitis B virus infection Silent hepatitis B virus infection Hepatitis C virus infection Liver fibrosis

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Hepatic echinococcosis:Clinical and therapeutic aspects

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第13期18卷 1448-1458页

作者： Giuseppe Nunnari Marilia R Pinzone salvatore Gruttadauria Benedetto M Celesia Giordano Madeddu Giulia Malaguarnera Piero Pavone Alessandro Cappellani Bruno Cacopardo Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine Division of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of Catania95125 CataniaItaly Department of Microbiology and Immunology Jefferson Medical CollegeThomas Jefferson University19107 PhiladelphiaUnited States Department of Surgery University of Catania95100 CataniaItaly Department of Clinical Experimental and Oncological MedicineDivision of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of Sassari07100 SassariItaly Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Catania95100 CataniaItaly Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria OVE-PoliclinicoUniversity of Catania95100 CataniaItaly Department of Surgery General Surgery and Senology UnitUniversity of Catania95100 CataniaItaly

echinococcosis or hydatid disease （HD） is a zoonosis caused by the larval stages of taeniid cestodes belong- ing to the genus echinococcus. Hepatic echinococcosis is a life-threatening disease, mainly differentiated into alveolar and cystic forms, associated with echinoc- cus multilocularis （e. multi/ocular/s） and echinococcus granulosus （e. granulosus） infection, respectively. Cys- tic echinococcosis （Ce） has a worldwide distribution, while hepatic alveolar echinococcosis （Ae） is endemic in the Northern hemisphere, including North America and several Asian and european countries, like France, Germany and Austria. e. granulosus young cysts are spherical, unilocular vesicles, consisting of an internal germinal layer and an outer acellular layer. Cyst expansion is associated with a host immune reaction and the subsequent development of a fibrous layer, called the per/cyst; old cysts typically present internal septa- tions and daughter cysts. e. multilocularis has a tumor-like, infiltrative behavior, which is responsible for tissue destruction and finally for liver failure. The liver is the main site of HD involvement, for both alveolar and cystic hydatidosis. HD is usually asymptomatic for a long period of time, because cyst growth is commonly slow; the most frequent symptoms are fatigue and abdominal pain. Patients may also present jaundice, hepatomegaly or anaphylaxis, due to cyst leakage or rupture. HD diagnosis is usually accomplished with the combined use of ultrasonography and immunodiagnosis; furthermore, the improvement of surgical techniques, the introduction of minimally invasive treatments [such as puncture, aspiration, injection, re-aspiration （PAIR）] and more effective drugs （such as benzoimidazoles） have deeply changed life expectancy and quality of life of patients with HD. The aim of this article is to provide an up-to-date review of biological, diagnostic, clinical and therapeutic aspects of hepatic echinococcosis.

关键词： Hydatidosis Cystic echinococcosis Alveolarechinococcosis Liver PAIR Albendazole Treatment Diagnosis

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