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Transparent and Accurate COVID-19 Diagnosis:Integrating Explainable AI with Advanced Deep Learning in CT Imaging

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 3101-3123页

作者： mohammad Mehedi Hassan salman A.AlQahtani Mabrook S.AlRakhami Ahmed Zohier Elhendi Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia Science Technology and Innovation Department King Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia

In the current landscape of the COVID-19 pandemic,the utilization of deep learning in medical imaging,especially in chest computed tomography(CT)scan analysis for virus detection,has become increasingly *** its potential,deep learning’s“black box”nature has been a major impediment to its broader acceptance in clinical environments,where transparency in decision-making is *** bridge this gap,our research integrates Explainable AI(XAI)techniques,specifically the Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations(LIME)method,with advanced deep learning *** integration forms a sophisticated and transparent framework for COVID-19 identification,enhancing the capability of standard Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)models through transfer learning and data *** approach leverages the refined DenseNet201 architecture for superior feature extraction and employs data augmentation strategies to foster robust model *** pivotal element of our methodology is the use of LIME,which demystifies the AI decision-making process,providing clinicians with clear,interpretable insights into the AI’s *** unique combination of an optimized Deep Neural Network(DNN)with LIME not only elevates the precision in detecting COVID-19 cases but also equips healthcare professionals with a deeper understanding of the diagnostic *** method,validated on the SARS-COV-2 CT-Scan dataset,demonstrates exceptional diagnostic accuracy,with performance metrics that reinforce its potential for seamless integration into modern healthcare *** innovative approach marks a significant advancement in creating explainable and trustworthy AI tools for medical decisionmaking in the ongoing battle against COVID-19.

关键词： Explainable AI COVID-19 CT images deep learning

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A Novel Beamforming Emulating Photonic Nanojets for Wireless Relay Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第10期69卷 575-588页

作者： Samer Alabed Ibrahim Mahariq mohammad salman Mustafa Kuzuoglu College of Engineering and Technology American University of the Middle EastKuwait Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara06800Turkey

In this article,a low-cost electromagnetic structure emulating photonic nanojets is utilized to improve the efficiency of wireless relay *** spectral element method,due to its high accuracy,is used to verify the efficiency of the proposed structure by solving the associate field *** application of optimal single-relay selection method shows that full diversity gain with low complexity can be *** this paper,the proposed technique using smart relays combines the aforementioned two methods to attain the benefits of both methods by achieving the highest coding and diversity gain and enhances the overall network performance in terms of bit error rate(BER).Moreover,we analytically prove the advantage of using the proposed *** our simulations,it can be shown that the proposed technique outperforms the best known state-of-the-art single relay selection ***,the BER expressions obtained from the theoretical analysis are perfectly matched to those obtained from the conducted simulations.

关键词： Wireless relay networks cooperative diversity techniques relay selection network beamforming techniques

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Post-discharge follow-up of patients with spine trauma in the National Spinal Cord Injury Registry of Iran during the COVID-19 pandemic:Challenges and lessons learned

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2024年第3期27卷 173-179页

作者： Zahra Azadmanjir Moein Khormali Mohsen Sadeghi-Naini Vali Baigi Habibollah Pirnejad mohammad Dashtkoohi Zahra Ghodsi Seyed Behnam Jazayeri Aidin Shakeri Mahdi mohammadzadeh Laleh Bagheri mohammad-Sajad Lotfi salman Daliri Amir Azarhomayoun Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani Gerard O'reilly Vafa Rahimi-Movaghai Health Information Management Department School of Allied Medical SciencesTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Neurosurgery Lorestan University of Medical SciencesKhoram-AbadIran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Patient Safety Research Center Clinical Rsearch Institute Urma Universty of Medical SciencesUrmaIran Erasmus School of Health Policy&Management(ESHPM) Erasmus University RotterdamRoterdamthe Netherlands Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center Neuroscience InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Students Scientifc Research Center(SSRC) Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Neurosurgery Arak University of Medical SciencesArakIran Trauma Research Center Kashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran Shahid Rahnemoun Hospital Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran Trauma Nuring Rearch entre Faculty of Nursing and Midwifry Kahan Universty of Medical Sciences Kahan Iran Clinical Research Development Unit Imam Hossein HospitalShahroud University of Medical SciencesShahroudIran Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine Faculty of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran Road Trafic Injury Research Center Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash UniversityMelbourneAustralia National Trauma Research Institute The AlfredMelbourneAustralia Department of Neurosurgery Shariati HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Universal Scientific Education and Research Network(USERN) TehranIran Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of TehranTehranIran

Purpose:The purpose of the National Spinal Cord Injury Registry of Iran(NSCIR-IR)is to create an infrastructure to assess the quality of care for spine trauma and in this study,we aim to investigate whether the NSCIR-IR successfully provides necessary post-discharge follow-up data for these ***:An observational prospective study was conducted from April 11,2021 to April 22,2022 in 8 centers enrolled in NSCIR-IR,respectively Arak,Rasht,Urmia,Shahroud,Yazd,Kashan,Tabriz,and *** were classified into 3 groups based on their need for care resources,respectively:(1)non-spinal cord injury(SCI)patients without surgery(group 1),(2)non-SCI patients with surgery(group 2),and(3)SCI patients(group 3).The assessment tool was a self-designed questionnaire to evaluate the care quality in 3 phases:pre-hospital,in-hospital,and *** data from the first 2 phases were collected through the *** post-hospital data were collected by conducting follow-up *** follow-ups were conducted for groups 1 and 2(non-SCI patients),while group 3(SCI patients)had a face-to-face *** study took place during the COVID-19 *** on age and time interval from injury to follow-up were expressed as mean±standard deviation(SD)and response rate and follow-up loss as a ***:Altogether 1538 telephone follow-up records related to 1292 patients were registered in the *** the total calls,918(71.05%)were related to successful follow-ups,but 38 cases died and thus were excluded from data *** the end,post-hospital data from 880 patients alive were *** success rate of follow-ups by telephone for groups 1 and 2 was 73.38%and 67.05%respectively,compared to 66.67%by face-to-face visits for group 3,which was very hard during the COVID-19 *** data completion rate after discharge ranged from 48%-100%,22%-100%and 29%-100%for groups ***:To improve patient accessibility,NSCIR-IR should take me

关键词： Follow-up studies Spinal injuries Spinal cord injuries COVID-19 NSCIR-IR

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Bitter Melon (Momordica Charantia) Reduces Serum Sialic Acid in Type2 Diabetics: Evidence to Delay the Process of Atherosclerosis

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Chinese Medicine 2011年第4期2卷 125-129页

作者： Inayat Ur Rahman mohammad Bashir mohammad salman mohammad Idrees mohammad Iqbal Khan 不详

More than 1000 herbal products have been used by diverse cultures of the world to treat hyperglycemia and among them bitter melon (Momordica charantia) is one of the most popular herbal resource. The beneficial effects of bitter melon is not limited to hypoglycaemia only, but it also ameliorates diet induced obesity, insulin resistance and exhibit cardioprotective effects. The present study attempts to investigate the effect of bitter melon fruit juice on a newly investigated risk factor, sialic acid in type2 diabetics. A total of 40 type2 diabetic patients, divided into group A (n = 20) and group B (n = 20) were investigated during the present study. The patients of group A were following bitter melon fruit juice treatment along with diet control, whereas the patients of group B were on diet control only. Serum sialic acid (SSA) decreased in group A from 66.20 ± 2.30 mg/dl to 63.50 ± 2.10 mg/dl (<0.11) but, increased in group B from 66.50 ± 1.70 mg/dl to 68.20 ± 2.50 mg/dl (<0.12), compared to baseline. Post-treatment between group comparison revealed a significant difference (<0.05). The beneficial effects on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycohemoglobin (HbA1-c) were also greater in group A compared to group B as was the case with blood lipids, weight and blood pressure. The study provides another mechanism for the cardioprotective effect of bitter melon and further strengthens its value in the management of type2 diabetes.

关键词： Sialic Acid Type2 Diabetes Mellitus Bitter Melon Cardiovascular Disease

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Practical Use of Stairs to Assess Fitness, Prescribe and Perform Physical Activity Training

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Health 2016年第13期8卷 1402-1410页

作者： Jasem Ramadan Al Kandari salman mohammad Ruqayyah Al-Hashem Girma Telahoun Mario Barac-Nieto Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Kuwait University Al-Khaldiya Kuwait Department of Physical Education College of Basic Education The Public Authority of Applied Education and Training Adailiyah Kuwait

Aim: Evaluating climbing stairs for prescription and implementation of physical activity regimes. Methods: Healthy females (F, n = 14), and males (M, n = 15) participated. By climbing 100 steps of stairs with 0.173 m height, Heart rate (HR) and oxygen uptake were measured throughout the floors;Blood pressure (BP) was measured at ground and the 5th floors only. Results: Energy increased from 2 to 7.6 was metabolic equivalents (METs = 3.5 ml O2/***) at 17.3 m elevation in 2 min. at the 5th floor, and percent Heart Rate Reserve (%HRR) was 66.17% in F and 48.7% in M, proportional to their aerobic efforts. Average climbing efficiency was 15.8 ± 2.3% (n = 29). Aerobic capacity estimated dividing the highest work rate (17.3 Kg.m/*** × 0.00239 = 0.0207 Kcal/***), by fractional effort (F = 0.6617, M = 0.487) and fractional efficiency (0.158), at 5 Kcal/L O2 was 0.040 in F and 0.054 L O2/*** in M. Minimum training intensity reached at the 3rd floor by F. In M the highest %HRR reached was 48.7% at the 5th floor, insufficient for training. Conclusions: Stairs used for submaximal evaluation of aerobic capacity and for target intensity prescription. Training, levels climbed, repetitions per day (if 5, 100 Kcal per day, ascending) and number of days/week are adjusted. Full regime requires up to 7.6 METs, a total of 532 and 140 ***/week ascending and descending, respectively. Intensities >7.6 MET, climbing rate should be >8.65 m/min. Limiting ascent to 1 (3.5 METs) or 2 (5.5 METs) floors or only descents (2 - 3 METs) may be used for unfit subjects. This method is useful for those with no access to sophisticated facilities.

关键词： Stair Climbing Descent Heart Rate Reserve Aerobic Effort Oxygen Cost Work Output Efficiency Aerobic Capacity Exercise Prescription Training

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Is Tuberculosis Treatment Truly Free? A Study to Identify Key Factors Contributing to the Catastrophic Cost of TB Care in Pakistan

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2020年第4期8卷 181-198页

作者： Aamer Ikram Amna Ali Sana Habib Abbasi Nosheen Ashraf Sidra Wali mohammad salman Mumtaz A. Khan Naveed Syed Jamil A. Ansari National Institute of Health Islamabad Pakistan Public Health England London UK

Background: The interplay between financial deprivation and tuberculosis (TB) is considered one of the vital socio-economic determinants of disease. This is the first study of its kind to be carried in Pakistan, which aims to identify leading factors contributing towards catastrophic costs of TB diagnosis and management in order to help policy makers. Methodology: From four tertiary care hospitals (TCH) in Islamabad and Rawalpindi, 400 TB patients were interviewed through a cross-sectional survey. The patient’s pre and post-TB income and direct and indirect costs for treatment were analysed following WHO recommendations. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify the determinants of catastrophic total cost. Results: For TB management expenditures, the median (interquartile range) of total costs by households was Rs. 58,175 Rs (32,050 - 97,500). At 20% threshold, 67% of TB patient’s households were affected by catastrophic

关键词： Tuberculosis Financial Deprivation Catastrophic Cost

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Digital mapping of soil physical and mechanical properties using machine learning at the watershed scale

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第10期20卷 2975-2992页

作者： mohammad Sajjad GHAVAMI Shamsollah AYOUBI mohammad Reza MOSADDEGHI salman Naimi Department of Soil Science College of AgricultureIsfahan University of TechnologyIsfahan ***Iran

Knowledge about the spatial distribution of the soil physical and mechanical properties is crucial for soil management,water yield,and sustainability at the watershed scale;however,the lack of soil data hinders the application of this tool,thus urging the need to estimate soil properties and consequently,to perform the spatial *** research attempted to examine the proficiency of three machine learning methods(RF:Random Forest;Cubist:Regression Tree;and SVM:Support Vector Machine)to predict soil physical and mechanical properties,saturated hydraulic conductivity(Ks),Cohesion measured by fall-cone at the saturated(Psat)and dry(Pdry)states,hardness index(HI)and dry shear strength(SS)by integrating environmental variables and soil features in the Zayandeh-Rood dam watershed,central *** determine the best combination of input variables,three scenarios were examined as follows:scenarioⅠ,terrain attributes derivative from a digital elevation model(DEM)+remotely sensed data;scenarioⅡ,covariates of scenarioⅠ+selected climatic data and some thematic maps;scenarioⅢ,covariates in scenarioⅡ+intrinsic soil properties(Clay,Silt,Sand,bulk density(BD),soil organic matter(SOM),calcium carbonate equivalent(CCE),mean weight diameter(MWD)and geometric weight diameter(GWD)).The results showed that for Ks,Psat Pdry and SS,the best performance was found by the RF model in the third scenario,with R2=0.53,0.32,0.31 and 0.41,respectively,while for soil hardness index(HI),Cubist model in the third scenario with R2=0.25 showed the highest *** predicting Ks and Psat,soil characteristics(*** and soil SOM and BD),and land use were the most important *** predicting Pdry,HI,and SS,some topographical characteristics(Valley depth,catchment area,mltiresolution of ridge top flatness index),and some soil characteristics(***,SOM and MWD)were the most important input *** results of this research present moderate accuracy,however,the methodology em

关键词： Machine learning Soil physical property Soilmechanical property Saturatedhydraulic conductivity Soil cohesion Soil shear strength.

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Outpatient insulin use in type 2 diabetes mellitus and acute respiratory distress syndrome outcomes:A retrospective cohort study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第17期12卷 2966-2975页

作者： Georges Khattar Samer Asmar Laurence Aoun Fares Saliba Shaza Almardini Saif Abu Baker Catherine Hong Carolla El Chamieh Fadi Haddadin Toni Habib Omar Mourad Zeina Morcos Fatema Arafa Jonathan Mina Khalil El Gharib mohammad Aldalahmeh salman Khan Elie Bou Sanayeh Department of Medicine Holy Spirit University of KaslikJounieh 00000Lebanon Department of Internal Medicine Staten Island University HospitalStaten IslandNY 10305United States Public Heath and Biostatistics Independent ResearchBeirut 0000Lebanon Department of Medicine Lebanese UniversityBeirut 00000Lebanon Department of Medicine University of BalamandBeirut 00000Lebanon Department of Medicine Lebanese American UniversityBeirut 00000Lebanon Department of Medicine Northwell Health Staten Island University HospitalNew YorkNY 10305United States

BACKGROUND The impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)on acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)is debatable.T2DM was suspected to reduce the risk and complications of ***,during coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),T2DM predisposed patients to ARDS,especially those who were on insulin at *** evaluate the impact of outpatient insulin use in T2DM patients on non-COVID-19 ARDS *** We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample *** patients diagnosed with ARDS were stratified into insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus(DM)(IDDM)and non-insulindependent DM(NIDDM)*** applying exclusion criteria and matching over 20 variables,we compared cohorts for mortality,duration of mechanical ventilation,incidence of acute kidney injury(AKI),length of stay(LOS),hospitalization costs,and other clinical *** Following 1:1 propensity score matching,the analysis included 274 patients in each ***,no statistically significant differences emerged between the IDDM and NIDDM groups in terms of mortality rates(32.8%vs 31.0%,P=0.520),median hospital LOS(10 d,P=0.537),requirement for mechanical ventilation,incidence rates of sepsis,pneumonia or AKI,median total hospitalization costs,or patient disposition upon *** Compared to alternative anti-diabetic medications,outpatient insulin treatment does not appear to exert an independent influence on in-hospital morbidity or mortality in diabetic patients with non-COVID-19 ARDS.

关键词： Acute respiratory distress syndrome Type 2 diabetes mellitus Insulin Length of stay Mortality Endotracheal intubation Acute kidney injury Coronavirus disease 2019

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Multi-Model Fusion Framework Using Deep Learning for Visual-Textual Sentiment Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第8期76卷 2145-2177页

作者： Israa K.salman Al-Tameemi mohammad-Reza Feizi-Derakhshi Saeed Pashazadeh mohammad Asadpour Computerized Intelligence Systems Laboratory Department of Computer EngineeringFaculty of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of TabrizTabriz51368Iran Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of TabrizTabriz51368Iran State Company for Engineering Rehabilitation and Testing Iraqi Ministry of Industry and MineralsBaghdad10011Iraq

Multimodal Sentiment Analysis(SA)is gaining popularity due to its broad application *** existing studies have focused on the SA of single modalities,such as texts or photos,posing challenges in effectively handling social media data with multiple ***,most multimodal research has concentrated on merely combining the two modalities rather than exploring their complex correlations,leading to unsatisfactory sentiment classification *** by this,we propose a new visualtextual sentiment classification model named Multi-Model Fusion(MMF),which uses a mixed fusion framework for SA to effectively capture the essential information and the intrinsic relationship between the visual and textual *** proposed model comprises three deep neural *** different neural networks are proposed to extract the most emotionally relevant aspects of image and text ***,more discriminative features are gathered for accurate sentiment ***,a multichannel joint fusion modelwith a self-attention technique is proposed to exploit the intrinsic correlation between visual and textual characteristics and obtain emotionally rich information for joint sentiment ***,the results of the three classifiers are integrated using a decision fusion scheme to improve the robustness and generalizability of the proposed *** interpretable visual-textual sentiment classification model is further developed using the Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanation model(LIME)to ensure the model’s explainability and *** proposed MMF model has been tested on four real-world sentiment datasets,achieving(99.78%)accuracy on Binary_Getty(BG),(99.12%)on Binary_iStock(BIS),(95.70%)on Twitter,and(79.06%)on the Multi-View Sentiment Analysis(MVSA)*** results demonstrate the superior performance of our MMF model compared to single-model approaches and current state-of-the-art techniques based on model evaluation cr

关键词： Sentiment analysis multimodal classification deep learning joint fusion decision fusion interpretability

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A review of optimization methods for computation offloading in edge computing networks

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第2期9卷 450-461页

作者： Kuanishbay Sadatdiynov Laizhong Cui Lei Zhang Joshua Zhexue Huang salman Salloum mohammad Sultan Mahmud College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518061China

Handling the massive amount of data generated by Smart Mobile Devices(SMDs)is a challenging computational *** Computing is an emerging computation paradigm that is employed to conquer this *** can bring computation power closer to the end devices to reduce their computation latency and energy ***,this paradigm increases the computational ability of SMDs by collaboration with edge *** is achieved by computation offloading from the mobile devices to the edge nodes or ***,not all applications benefit from computation offloading,which is only suitable for certain types of *** properties,SMD capability,wireless channel state,and other factors must be counted when making computation offloading ***,optimization methods are important tools in scheduling computation offloading tasks in Edge Computing *** this paper,we review six types of optimization methods-they are Lyapunov optimization,convex optimization,heuristic techniques,game theory,machine learning,and *** each type,we focus on the objective functions,application areas,types of offloading methods,evaluation methods,as well as the time complexity of the proposed *** discuss a few research problems that are still *** purpose for this review is to provide a concise summary that can help new researchers get started with their computation offloading researches for Edge Computing networks.

关键词： Edge computing Computation offloading Latency and energy consumption minimization

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