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Genome editing in cotton:challenges and opportunities

Journal of Cotton Research 2023年第1期6卷 60-80页

作者： KHAN Zulqurnain KHAN Sultan Habibullah AHMED Aftab IQBAL Muhammad Umar MUBARIK Muhammad salman GHOURI Muhammad Zubair ahmad Furqan YASEEN Saba ALI Zulfiqar KHAN Asif Ali AZHAR Muhammad Tehseen Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology MNS University of AgricultureMultan60000Pakistan Cotton Biotechnology Lab Center for Advanced StudiesUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabad38040Pakistan Center for Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology University of AgricultureFaisalabad38040Pakistan Department of Biochemistry University of AgricultureFaisalabad38040Pakistan Better Cotton Initiatives LahorePakistan Department of Biotechnology University of NarowalNarowalPakistan Departmen of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of AgricultureFaisalabad38040Pakistan School of Agriculture Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450000China

Cotton has enormous economic potential providing high-quality protein,oil,and fibre.A large increase in cotton output is necessary due to the world’s changing climate and constantly expanding human *** the past,conventional breeding techniques were used to introduce genes into superior cotton cultivars to increase production and to improve *** disadvantages of traditional breeding techniques are their time-consuming,reliance on genetic differences that are already present,and considerable *** accomplish goals in a short amount of time,contemporary plant breeding techniques,in particular modern genome editing technologies(GETs),can be *** crop improvement initiatives have made use of GETs,such as zinc-finger nucleases,transcription-activator-like effector nucleases,clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR),and CRISPR-associated proteins systems(CRISPR/Cas)-based *** CRISPR/Cas system has a lot of potential because it combines three qualities that other GETs lack:simplicity,competence,and *** CRISPR/Cas mechanism can be used to improve cotton tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses,alter gene expression,and stack genes for critical features with little possibility of *** transgene clean strategy improves CRISPR acceptability addressing regulatory issues associated with the genetically modified organisms(GMOs).The research opportunities for using the CRISPR/Cas system to address biotic and abiotic stresses,fibre quality,plant architecture and blooming,epigenetic changes,and gene stacking for commercially significant traits are highlighted in this ***,challenges to use of CRISPR technology in cotton and its potential for the future are covered in detail.

关键词： ZFNs TALENs CRISPR/Cas9 Cotton Genetic improvement

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Natural Nanoskin Advanced Cell Therapy (ACT) and Nanoskin ACT Soft towards the Definitive Solution for Acute and Chronic Wounds

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2023年第2期14卷 35-45页

作者： Saqer Al Mualla Noura Salim salman Nasreen Abdelatif Salma Al Ketbi Pierre Basmaji Mohamed Kanjou Mirvan ahmad Qassimi Hospital Sharjah United Arab Emirates Innovatec’s-Biotechnology Research and Development S&#227o Carlos Brazil GEM International Sharjah United Arab Emirate

Natural Nanoskin Advance cell therapy (ACT) and Nanoskin ACT Soft have been established to be remarkably versatile biomaterials and can be used in a wide variety of applied scientific endeavors, especially for medical devices. In fact, the structure of Nanoskin materials can be adapted over length scales ranging from nano to macro by controlling the bio-fabrication process. The present paper describes Natural Nanoskin Advanced cell therapy (ACT) and Nanoskin ACT Soft production for wound care applications. ACT is produced from the bio-nanotechnology process. ACT is a highly hydrated pellicle with shaped fibers less than 2 nm wide. Nanoskin ACT Soft, like a paste, is designed to fill irregularities or recesses in the wound bed, and to absorb excess exudate from lesions by prolonging the used dressing's residence time and reducing the frequency of change.

关键词： Wound Care Diabetic Ulcer Natural Fibers

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Current Progress of Phytomedicine in Glioblastoma Therapy

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Current Medical Science 2020年第6期40卷 1067-1074页

作者： Fahad Hassan Shah Saad salman Jawaria Idrees Fariha Idrees Syed Turab Ali Shah Abid Ali Khan Bashir ahmad Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology University of PeshawarPeshawar 25120Pakistan Department of Pharmacy The University of LahoreIslamabad CampusIslamabad 45800Pakistan Islamia College University Peshawar Peshawar 25000Pakistan

Glioblastoma multiforme,an intrusive brain cancer,has the lowest survival rate of all brain *** chemotherapy utilized to prevent their proliferation and propagation is limited due to modulation of complex cancer signalling *** complex pathways provide infiltrative and drug evading properties leading to the development of chemotherapy ***,the development and discovery of such interventions or therapies that can bypass all these resistive barriers to ameliorate glioma prognosis and survival is of profound *** plants are comprised of an exorbitant range of phytochemicals that have the broad-spectrum capability to target intrusive brain cancers,modulate anti-cancer pathways and immunological responses to facilitate their eradication,and induce *** phytocompounds also interfere with several oncogenic proteins that promote cancer invasiveness and metastasis,chemotherapy resistance and *** plants are extremely vital for promising anti-glioma therapy to avert glioma proliferation and *** this review,we acquired recent literature on medicinal plants whose extracts/bioactive ingredients are newly exploited in glioma therapeutics,and also highlighted their mode of action and pharmacological profile.

关键词： phytomedicine phytochemicals glioblastoma chemotherapy resistance bioactive

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Genetic effects conferring heat tolerance in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)

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Journal of Cotton Research 2019年第1期2卷 56-63页

作者： salman Muhammad ZIA Zia Ullah RANA Iqrar ahmad MAQSOOD Rana Haroon ahmad Saghir BAKHSH Ali AZHAR Muhammad Tehseen Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics University of Agriculture FaisalabadPakistan Cotton Research Institute Multan Pakistan Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics Ghazi University DG Khan Pakistan

Background:Climate change and particularly global warming has emerged as an alarming threat to the crop productivity of field crops and exerted drastic effects on the cropping *** of cotton has been dropped down to one million bales from 1.4 million bales since 2015 in Pakistan due to the increase in temperature at critical growth stages,i.e.,flowering and boll *** in view the importance of cotton in the country,this study was conducted to investigate the genetic effects conferring heat tolerance in six populations(P1,P2,F1,F2,BC1 and BC2)developed from cross-1 and cross-2,i.e.,VH-282×FH-142 and DNH-40×***:The results revealed that cross-1 performed better in heat stress as compared with cross-2 for majority of the traits *** weight and ginning outturn(GO-T)were highly effected under heat stress and had negative correlation with Relative cell injury(RCI).Boll weight,fiber length,fiber strength and fiber fineness were under the control of non-additive gene action,whereas RCI was controlled by additive gene *** values of genetic advance coupled with higher values of broad sense heritability for these traits except RCI confirmed the role of non-additive genetic *** types of epistasis were recorded for fiber strength in cross-1 in normal ***,complementary type of non-allelic interaction was recorded for fiber strength under normal condition,fiber fineness and RCI under heat stressed condition in ***,boll weight,GOT and fiber length in populations derived from cross-2 in normal condition were also under the influence of complementary type of non-allelic *** differences among values of mid parent and better parent heterosis for boll weight in both normal and heat stress condition provided the opportunity to cotton breeders for utilization of this germplasm for improvement of this trait through exploitation of heterosis ***:Cross-1 perfo

关键词： Heat stress Heritability Heterosis Relative cell injury Upland cotton

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Calculation of Reactions Cross Section for Neutron-Induced Reactions on <sup>127</sup>I Isotope

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2017年第3期6卷 344-359页

作者： Idris ahmad Fatima salman Koki Department of Physics Bayero University Kano Nigeria

In this work, the reaction cross-section for neutron-induced reactions on 127I isotope was calculated using EXIFON code in the energy range of incident particle from 0 MeV to 30 MeV. The code is based on an analytical model for statistical multistep direct and multistep compound reactions (SMD/SMC model). In order to see the effect of nuclear structure on cross sections, the calculation was done using nuclear shell structure effect and without considering shell structure effect. Obtained results and statistical analysis showed that shell structure effect does not give significant changes to the cross-section at considered energy ranges. This shows that EXIFON code is a good tool for investigation of nuclear reaction cross section and is useful in the production of the radioisotopes of Iodine, Antimony and tellurium of high purity and in an efficient manner using cyclotron or nuclear reactors, these isotopes have potential application for field of medical science especially for diagnostics and therapeutic purposes.

关键词： Nuclear Reaction Cross-Section Excitation Function Radioisotope Statistical Multistep Reaction Nuclear Model

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Evaluation of Excitation Functions of Reactions Used in Production of Some Medical Radioisotopes

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2017年第3期6卷 290-303页

作者： Idris ahmad Yahya Ibrahim Yola Fatima salman Koki Department of Physics Bayero University Kano Kano Nigeria

In this work, reaction cross-sections were calculated and Excitation Functions were evaluated for productions of 208Bi, 212,211,210At, 211,210Po isotopes using EXIFON code in the energy range from 0 MeV to 30 MeV. The code is based on an analytical model for statistical multistep direct and multistep compound reactions (SMD/SMC model). This work also investigates the shell structure effect on the reaction cross-section, the results obtained show that the cross-sections of (a, na) reaction for both with shell correction and without shell correction are zeros at energies range considered, this shows that the energy of the incident particle is below the threshold of this reaction due to the present of coulomb repulsive force between the projectile and target nucleus.

关键词： Nuclear Reaction Cross-Section Excitation Function Radioisotope Nuclear Model

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Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude in a Sample of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Its Association with Disease Activity and Severity: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2014年第4期4卷 226-234页

作者： Sami salman ahmad SAlnuaimi Nizar Abdul Lateef Rana Kadhum Rheumatology Unit Department of Medicine College of Medicine University of Baghdad Baghdad Iraq Community Medicine Department College of Medicine University of Baghdad Baghdad Iraq

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and disabling disease that has a major impact on the lives of patients. Objectives: To test the patients’ knowledge about their disease, its treatment, its complications, and if this affects severity of the disease as measured by the disease activity index (DAS 28). Patients and Methods: A sample of 100 patients with RA who met the Criteria of American College of Rheumatology for RA agreed to participate in this study over the period September 2011-March 2012. Patients’ data were obtained by personal interview. The questionnaire included demographic characteristics and the patients’ knowledge about their disease. The disease activity was measured using standard (DAS28). Results: Thirty three percent of the patients didn’t have an idea about their disease, 20% didn’t know the reason for the investigations, 49% didn’t know the treatment and 40% didn’t know the side effects of their medications. Most patients had a high disease activity index, and there was a poor correlation between patients’ educational level and the disease activity. Conclusions: Neither the educational level nor the frequency of hospital admissions had effects on the knowledge about this disease. As most patients had a high disease activity, a better knowledge may improve disease control and prevent complications.

关键词： Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Burden Disease Awareness Patient’s Education Patient’s Knowledge Socio-Economic Factors Disease Activity Index

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Monitoring Groundwater and Its Suitability for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes in the Sharif Abad Basin, Central Iran

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2017年第3期5卷 487-506页

作者： Farzad Mohammadi Majid Ehteshami Seyed ahmad Mirbagheri salman Tavassoli Faculty of Civil Engineering K. N. Toosi University of Technology Tehran Iran Environmental Engineering Department Faculty of Civil Engineering K. N. Toosi University of Technology Tehran Iran

The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality and quantity of groundwater in Sharif Abad Basin, located in Central Iran. The analysis of data collected from 24 observation wells indicated that the mean water table has plummeted about 0.896 m/year during 19 years between 1993 and 2013 due to illegal groundwater pumping, which is the main cause of groundwater quality deterioration in this area. Seventeen samples were collected and analyzed to study physicochemical characteristics of groundwater such as pH, Hardness, Chloride (Cl), Electrical Conductivity (EC) and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) values. The results were compared to drinking water quality standard published by World Health Organization (WHO) and it was concluded that none of the water samples?was?potable. The spatial distribution of anions and cations followed an increasing pattern eastwards towards the Salt Lake. The analysis of Hydrochemical facies of groundwater using Piper diagram indicated that the major type of groundwater in this basin is Na-Cl, which is mainly different from common type of fresh water in Iran (Ca-HCO3). Suitability of groundwater for irrigation purpose was assessed using Wilcox diagram and it was shown that all the water samples in 2013 belonged to C4S4 category, meaning they were not suitable for irrigation either. According to the ratio of chloride-bicarbonate, 100% of the samples were contaminated by saltwater intrusion. Also, the sodium-chloride ratio indicated that almost 60% of samples were contaminated by Halite solution. The presence of this solution proves the presence of salt domes in this area.

关键词： Groundwater Quality Wilcox Diagram Piper Diagram Salinity Sharif Abad Basin

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Farmers’ Ability to Pay for Irrigation Water in the Jordan Valley

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2015年第15期7卷 1157-1173页

作者： Mohammad Tabieh Emad Al-Karablieh Amer salman Hussein Al-Qudah ahmad Al-Rimawi Tala Qtaishat Department of Agricultural Economic and Agribusiness Faculty of Agriculture The University of Jordan Amman Jordan

This study aims to analyze the famers’ ability to pay for irrigation water in Jordan Valley to investigate the farmer capacity to cope with increasing the water tariff. The residual imputation approach was used based on the enterprise budget for crops cultivated in different geographical locations in Jordan Valley. This methodology deducts the contribution of non-water production inputs, annualized capital cost and fixed costs from the gross output and attributes the remaining value to water. The resulting water value is an indication of the economic efficiency of water and a proxy for the maximum farmer’s ability to pay for water. The result shows that cucumber has the highest ability to pay (JD 2.26 m-3);the percentage of water cost to total cost is 1.1%. This low percent does not encourage farmers to save water. The weighted average for maximum farmers’ ability to pay for irrigation water in Jordan valley is estimated at JD 0.76 m-3. The result shows the farmer’s ability to pay for water used in plastic house is JD 1.34 m-3 compared to JD 0.62 m-3 for open field. The estimated value of desalinated brackish water is JD 0.59 m-3 while the average desalination cost is JD 0.28 m-3. Therefore, the current practice of installing Reverse Osmosis units to irrigate high value cash crops by some farmers is economically rational, since water value is twice the desalination cost of one cubic meter. If farmers have to pay the cost of O&M, they need to pay at least JD 0.065 m-3. Increasing the water prices could encourage more efficient water use, shifts to higher value crops, adoption of plastic houses, and encourage desalination of brackish water.

关键词： Water Tariff Water Value Water Cost Residual Imputation Approach Water Resources

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Outcome of Laparoscopic versus Open Colorectal Cancer Surgery

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Surgical Science 2022年第9期13卷 429-434页

作者： Mohannad Eledreesi ahmad Alayed Youssef Alishi Feras Alahmed Department of Surgery King Salman Aramid Forces Hospital Tabuk Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Since the first laparoscopic-assisted colon resection was introduced in 1991 by Jacobs et al., it has gradually become popular. Increasingly more colorectal surgeons admit that the laparoscopic technique leads to quicker functional recovery and improved short-term results when compared with the open approach. However, the laparoscopic technique has not previously been proven to gain significant benefits in colorectal surgeries. Recently, oncologic outcomes of colorectal cancer resection, in terms of lymph node harvest number and excision safety margin lengths, achieved under laparoscopy could be comparable to those obtained using the conventional open technique. However, the curability of colorectal cancer under the laparoscopic technique remains controversial because of the uncertainty about the overall recurrence rate. Objective: To study the outcome of colorectal surgeries in our department in order to compare laparoscopic surgery (LS) versus open surgery (OS) of colorectal cancer procedures in terms of operations duration, blood loss, intra and post-operative complications. Methods: Review of all colorectal cancer patients who underwent open and laparoscopic procedures between January 2014 and January 2020. Excluding patients, those have non-malignant tumors. Included in data collection are the patients’ demographic information, type of surgery, diagnostic test, complications, operative time, and hospital admission period. We will take the information from files of patients and our documentations during clinic visits. Results: A total of 101 patients underwent colorectal cancer surgery at King salman Armed Forces Hospital from 1/1/2014 till 1/1/2020. Of these, 63 were male (62.3%). Of these colon cancer 68 cases (67%). The mean age was 47.2 years. Comorbidities included diabetes 13 (12%), hypertension 10 (9.9%), IHD 16 (15%), ESRD 4 (3.9%). Of these 41 were smokers (40.5%). Mean Body Mass Index (BMI) was 31.2 kg/m2. Mean hospital stay 7

关键词： Colon Cancer Rectal Cancer Colorectal Cancer

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