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Composition analysis and antimicrobial activity of essential oil from leaves of Laurus nobilis grown in Oman

Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2022年第4期7卷 328-334页

作者： Siham Saleh al-Abri Sadri Abdullah said salem said al touby Mohammed Amzad Hossain Jamal Nasser al-Sabahi School of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy and NursingUniversity of NizwaPB 33PO 616NizwaNizwa 616Oman School of Nursing College of Pharmacy and NursingUniversity of NizwaNizwa 616Oman Central Instrument Laboratory College of Agriculture and Marine SciencesSultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat 123Oman

Traditionally,Laurus nobilis is used for the treatment of earaches and skin rashes as well as rheuma-tism.The most common technique to isolate the oil is hydro-distillation and steam-distillation.The investigation presented in this paper was aimed to unravel the antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of essential oil in the leaves of L.nobilis grown in Oman.The essential oil was extracted from the leave of the selected plant species by hydro distillation using Clevenger type apparatus.The antimicrobial assay was done by disc diffusion methods against three bac-terial strains,Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli,and one fungal strain:Candida albicans.The isolated essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The percentage yield of the essential oil was 0.064%(w/w).The essen-tial oil was found actively against the applied bacterial and fungal strains.The highest activity was found against S.aureus and the lowest was against E.coli,and the order was S.aureus>P.aeruginosa>E.coli.The essential oil was also active against the fungus C.albicans.The range of inhibition zones was 6-14 mm.The results of GC-MS analysis showed(E)-𝛽-caryophyllene to be the major component about 59.62%.Other major components included𝛼-selinene(14.03%),𝛼-humulene(8.65%),𝛽-selinene(4.99%),and𝛼-pinene(4.98%).In addition,several minor com-ponents were found in the essential oil of L.nobilis.Based on the experimental results,it showed that the plant species that grown in Oman were a potential source of therapeutic agents.In con-clusion,the essential oil and the plant could be used as natural and potential therapeutic agents to treat earaches,skin rashes,and rheumatism.

关键词： Laurus nobilis Clevenger apparatus Essential oil Antimicrobial activity Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)

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Characterization of antioxidant and antibacterial compounds from aerial parts of Haplophyllum tuberculatum

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2022年第1期7卷 52-62页

作者： Salma Salim al-Saeghi Mohammad Amzad Hossain salem said Jaroof al-touby School of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy and NursingUniversity of NizwaP.O.Box 33Postal Code 616NizwaOman School of Nursing College of Pharmacy and NursingUniversity of NizwaP.O.Box 33Postal Code 616NizwaOman

The aerial parts of Haplophyllum tuberculatum(H.tuberculatum)have traditionally been used by local communities to treat fever,gastrointestinal disorders,worms,malaria and fractures,how-ever,the responsible ingredients of the selected medicinal plant have not been identified.In the present study,antibacterial and antioxidant ingredients were isolated and characterized from the plant parts of locally grown H.tuberculatum,and their biological activity was evaluated.The powder aerial parts were extracted with methanol and the extract was successively frac-tionated with different polarities of solvents.all polarities of extracts(hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate,butanol,methanol and water)were used to determine their antibacterial and antioxi-dant activity by established in-vitro method.The disk diffusion and free radical scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)methods were used to evaluate antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the prepared extracts and pure isolated compounds at different concentrations against three strains of Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacteria.The antibacterial activity results showed that all prepared fractions and isolated pure compounds of the plant species gave signif-icant activity against all Gram(+and-)bacterial strains with the range of inhibition 0-20 mm.The antioxidant activity of the prepared extracts at all concentrations also showed substantial activity.Based on the highest activity,ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts were selected for the separation and isolation of antioxidant and antibacterial compounds by thin layer chromatogra-phy(TLC),column chromatography(CC),and preparative thin layer chromatography(PTLIC).The structure of the isolated antioxidant and antibacterial compounds from the ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts were determined on the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)and mass spectra.The isolated pure compounds and active extracts could be used as a medicine for various infectious related diseases.

关键词： H.tuberculatum Soxhlet extraction Antioxidant activity Antibacterial activity Chromatography Pure compound

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Previously undiagnosed Morgagni hernia with bowel perforation detected during repeat screening colonoscopy: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第14期12卷 2389-2395页

作者： said al alawi alan N Barkun Sara Najmeh Division of Gastroenterology McGill UniversityMontrealQC H4A 3J1Canada Division of Thoracic surgery McGill UniversityMontrealQC H4A 3J1Canada

BACKGROUND Morgagni hernia(MH)is a form of congenital diaphragmatic hernia(CDH)characterized by an incomplete formation of diaphragm,resulting in the protru-sion of abdominal organs into the thoracic cavity.The estimated incidence of CDH is between 1 in 2000 and 1 in 5000 live births,although the true incidence is unknown.MH typically presents in childhood and can be diagnosed either pre-natally or postnatally.However,it can also be asymptomatic and carry the risk of developing into a life-threatening condition in adulthood.CASE SUMMARY A 76-year-old female with no history of prior abdominal surgeries presented for an elective colonoscopy for polyp surveillance.During the procedure,when approaching the hepatic flexure,the scope could not be advanced further despite multiple attempts.The patient experienced mild abdominal discomfort,leading to the abortion of the procedure.While in the recovery area,she developed increa-sing abdominal pains and hypotension.Urgent abdominal imaging revealed her-niation of the proximal transverse colon through a MH into the chest with evi-dence of perforation.The patient underwent laparoscopic urgent colonic resection and primary hernia repair and was discharged uneventfully 2 d later.CONCLUSION A MH is a rare condition in adults that can present as a life-threatening compli-cation of colonoscopy,even in patients with a history of uneventful colonoscopies.This case highlights the importance of considering congenital and internal hernias when faced with sudden and unexplained difficulties during colonoscopy.If there is a suspicion of MH,the endoscopist should halt the procedure and immediately obtain abdominal imaging to confirm the diagnosis.

关键词： Bowel perforation Colonoscopy Adverse event Congenital diaphragmatic

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Customized Convolutional Neural Network for Accurate Detection of Deep Fake Images in Video Collections

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 1995-2014页

作者： Dmitry Gura Bo Dong Duaa Mehiar Nidal al said Department of Cadastre and Geoengineering Kuban State Technological UniversityKrasnodar350072Russian Federation Department of Geodesy Kuban State Agrarian UniversityKrasnodar350072Russian Federation School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Liaoning UniversityLiaoning110031China Department of IT Middle East UniversityAmman11831Jordan College of Mass Communication Ajman UniversityP.O Box 346AjmanUnited Arab Emirates

The motivation for this study is that the quality of deep fakes is constantly improving,which leads to the need to develop new methods for their detection.The proposed Customized Convolutional Neural Network method involves extracting structured data from video frames using facial landmark detection,which is then used as input to the CNN.The customized Convolutional Neural Network method is the date augmented-based CNN model to generate‘fake data’or‘fake images’.This study was carried out using Python and its libraries.We used 242 films from the dataset gathered by the Deep Fake Detection Challenge,of which 199 were made up and the remaining 53 were real.Ten seconds were allotted for each video.There were 318 videos used in all,199 of which were fake and 119 of which were real.Our proposedmethod achieved a testing accuracy of 91.47%,loss of 0.342,and AUC score of 0.92,outperforming two alternative approaches,CNN and MLP-CNN.Furthermore,our method succeeded in greater accuracy than contemporary models such as XceptionNet,Meso-4,EfficientNet-BO,MesoInception-4,VGG-16,and DST-Net.The novelty of this investigation is the development of a new Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)learning model that can accurately detect deep fake face photos.

关键词： Deep fake detection video analysis convolutional neural network machine learning video dataset collection facial landmark prediction accuracy models

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The role of polymorphic cytochrome P450 gene(CYP2B6)in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia(B-CLL)incidence and outcome among Egyptian patients

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Oncology Research 2024年第4期32卷 785-797页

作者： MENNA al-ADL MAGDY MYOUSSEF AHMED EL-SEBAIE SHERIF REFAAT AFAF EL-said Division of Biochemistry Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansoura35511Egypt Hematology Unit Department of Clinical PathologyFaculty of MedicineMansoura UniversityMansoura35511Egypt Medical Oncology Unit Oncology Center Mansoura UniversityMansoura35511Egypt Department of Genetics Mansoura University Children’s HospitalMansoura35511Egypt

Cytochromes P450(CYPs)play a prominent role in catalyzing phase I xenobiotic biotransformation and account for about 75%of the total metabolism of commercially available drugs,including chemotherapeutics.The gene expression and enzyme activity of CYPs are variable between individuals,which subsequently leads to different patterns of susceptibility to carcinogenesis by genotoxic xenobiotics,as well as differences in the efficacy and toxicity of clinically used drugs.This research aimed to examine the presence of the CYP2B6*9 polymorphism and its possible association with the incidence of B-CLL in Egyptian patients,as well as the clinical outcome after receiving cyclophosphamide chemotherapy.DNA was isolated from whole blood samples of 100 de novo B-CLL cases and also from 100 sex-and age-matched healthy individuals.The presence of the CYP2B6*9(G516T)polymorphism was examined by PCR-based allele specific amplification(ASA).Patients were further indicated for receiving chemotherapy,and then they were followed up.The CYP2B6*9 variant indicated a statistically significant higher risk of B-CLL under different genetic models,comprising allelic(T-allele vs.G-allele,OR=4.8,pal outcome and can serve as a good therapeutic marker in predicting response to cyclophosphamide treatment.

关键词： B-CLL Xenobiotics Cytochromes P450 CYP2B6

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Unique presentation of neonatal liver failure:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 221-226页

作者： Eman al Atrash Amer Azaz Samar said Mohammad Miqdady Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric GastroenterologySheikh Khalifa Medical CityAbu Dhabi 971United Arab Emirates Department of Pathology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

BACKGROUND Acute fulminant liver failure rarely occurs in the neonatal period.The etiologies include viral infection(15%),metabolic/genetic disease(10%),hematologic disorders(15%),and ischemic injury(5%).Gestational alloimmune liver disease usually manifests as severe neonatal liver failure,with extensive hepatic and extrahepatic iron overload,sparing the reticuloendothelial system.Empty liver failure is a rare cause of liver failure where a patient presents with liver failure in the neonatal period with no hepatocytes in liver biopsy.CASE SUMMARY A 5-week-old male presented with jaundice.Physical examination revealed an alert but deeply icteric infant.Laboratory data demonstrated direct hyperbilirubinemia,a severely deranged coagulation profile,normal transaminase,and normal ammonia.Magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen was suggestive of perinatal hemochromatosis.Liver biopsy showed histiocytic infiltration with an absence of hepatocytes.No hemosiderin deposition was identified in a buccal mucosa biopsy.CONCLUSION Neonatal liver failure in the absence of hepatocellular regeneration potentially reflects an acquired or inborn defect in the regulation of hepatic regeneration.

关键词： Liver Hyperbilirubinemia Le foie vide Neonatal hemochromatosis Case report

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Variability in Quantity and Salinity of Produced Water from an Oil Production in South Kuwait

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Engineering（科研） 2024年第1期16卷 8-23页

作者： Feras al salem Thies Thiemann Department of Biology College of Science United Arab Emirates University Al Ain United Arab Emirates Department of Chemistry College of Science United Arab Emirates University Al Ain United Arab Emirates

Produced water (PW) is the largest waste stream in the oil and gas industry. Water remains trapped for millions of years in the reservoir with oil and gas. When a hydrocarbon reservoir is infiltrated by a production well, the produced fluids commonly contain water. The understanding of this water’s constituents and volumes is vital for the sustainable continuity of production operations, as PW has a number of negative impacts on the infrastructure integrity of the operation. On the other hand, PW can be an alternative source of irrigation water as well as of industrial salt. Interestingly, both the quantity as well as the quality of PW do not remain constant but can vary, both progressively and erratically, even over short periods of time. This paper discusses such a situation of variable PW in an oil and gas operation in the State of Kuwait.

关键词： Produced Water Oil Wells Water-Cut Salinity Fluctuation Total Dissolved Solids

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Structural, Electronic and Optical Properties of Sc_xal_1-xN alloys within DFT Calculations

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第2期12卷 569-584页

作者： Asma said Yasmina Oussaifi Moncef said Laboratoire de la matière condensée et nanosciences Département de physique Faculté des sciences de Monastir Monastir Tunisie

Structural, electronic and optical properties of Sc-based aluminum-nitride alloy have been carried out with first-principles methods using both local density approximation (LDA) and Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof (HSE) hybrid functional. This latter provides a more accurate description of the lattice parameters, enthalpy of formation, electronic and optical properties of our alloy than standard DFT. We found the transition from wurtzite to rocksalt structures at 61% of Sc concentration. By increasing the scandium concentration, the lattice parameters and the band gap decrease. The HSE band gap is in good agreement with available experimental data. The existence of the strong hybridization between Sc 3d and N 2p indicates the transport of electrons from Sc to N atoms. Besides, it is shown that the insertion of the Sc atom leads to the redshift of the optical absorption edge. The optical absorption of Scxal1-xN is found to decrease with increasing Sc concentrations in the low energy range. Because of this, Scxal1-xN have a great potential for applications in photovoltaics and photocatalysis.

关键词： DFT Electronic and Optical Properties ScalN Hybrid Functional HSE

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Pros and cons of live kidney donation in prediabetics: A critical review and way forward

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 12-31页

作者： Muhammad Abdul Mabood Khalil Nihal Mohammed Sadagah Jackson Tan Furrukh Omair Syed Vui Heng Chong salem H al-Qurashi Center of Renal Diseases and Transplantation King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital JeddahJeddah 23311Saudi Arabia Department of Nephrology RIPAS Hospital Brunei DarussalamBrunei Muara BA1710Brunei Darussalam Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineRaja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha HospitalBandar Seri Begawan BA1710Brunei Darussalam

There is shortage of organs,including kidneys,worldwide.along with deceased kidney transplantation,there is a significant rise in live kidney donation.The prevalence of prediabetes(PD),including impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance,is on the rise across the globe.Transplant teams frequently come across prediabetic kidney donors for evaluation.Prediabetics are at risk of diabetes,chronic kidney disease,cardiovascular events,stroke,neuropathy,retinopathy,dementia,depression and nonalcoholic liver disease along with increased risk of all-cause mortality.Unfortunately,most of the studies done in prediabetic kidney donors are retrospective in nature and have a short follow up period.There is lack of prospective long-term studies to know about the real risk of complications after donation.Furthermore,there are variations in recommendations from various guidelines across the globe for donations in prediabetics,leading to more confusion among clinicians.This increases the responsibility of transplant teams to take appropriate decisions in the best interest of both donors and recipients.This review focuses on pathophysiological changes of PD in kidneys,potential complications of PD,other risk factors for development of type 2 diabetes,a review of guidelines for kidney donation,the potential role of diabetes risk score and calculator in kidney donors and the way forward for the evaluation and selection of prediabetic kidney donors.

关键词： Live kidney donation Prediabetes Impaired fasting glucose Impaired glucose tolerance Review

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Evaluation of urea breath test as a diagnostic tool for Helicobacter pylori infection in adult dyspeptic patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第17期30卷 2302-2307页

作者： Zeinab Nabil Ahmed said Asmaa Mohamed El-Nasser Department of Medical Microbiology&Immunology Faculty of Medicine for Girls Al-Azhar UniversityNasr City 11754CairoEgypt

In this editorial,we discuss the article in the World Journal of Gastroenterology.The article conducts a meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of the urea breath test(UBT),a non-invasive method for detecting Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection in humans.It is based on radionuclide-labeled urea.Various methods,both invasive and non-invasive,are available for diagnosing H.pylori infection,inclu-ding endoscopy with biopsy,serology for immunoglobulin titers,stool antigen analysis,and UBT.Several guidelines recommend UBTs as the primary choice for diagnosing H.pylori infection and for reexamining after eradication therapy.It is used to be the first choice non-invasive test due to their high accuracy,specificity,rapid results,and simplicity.Moreover,its performance remains unaffected by the distribution of H.pylori in the stomach,allowing a high flow of patients to be tested.Despite its widespread use,the performance characteristics of UBT have been inconsistently described and remain incompletely defined.There are two UBTs available with Food and Drug Administration approval:The 13C and 14C tests.Both tests are affordable and can provide real-time results.Physicians may prefer the 13C test because it is non-radioactive,compared to 14C which uses a radioactive isotope,especially in young children and pregnant women.although there was heterogeneity among the studies regarding the diagnostic accuracy of both UBTs,13C-UBT consistently outperforms the 14C-UBT.This makes the 13C-UBT the preferred diagnostic approach.Furthermore,the provided findings of the meta-analysis emphasize the significance of precise considerations when choosing urea dosage,assessment timing,and measurement techniques for both the 13C-UBT and 14C-UBT,to enhance diagnostic precision.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Urea breath test Diagnosis Diagnostic test accuracy Meta-analysis

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