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Active Learning Strategies for Textual Dataset-Automatic Labelling

Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第8期76卷 1409-1422页

作者： Sher Muhammad Daudpota Saif Hassan Yazeed Alkhurayyif Abdullah saleh alqahtani Muhammad Haris Aziz Department of Computer Science Sukkur IBA UniversitySukkur65200Pakistan Al Quwayiyah College of Sciences and Humanities Shaqra UniversityShaqra15526Saudi Arabia Self-Development Skills Department Common First Year DeanshipKing Saud UniversityRiyadh12373Saudi Arabia STC’s Artificial Intelligence Chair Department of Information SystemsCollege of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia College of Engineering&Technology University of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan

The Internet revolution has resulted in abundant data from various sources,including social media,traditional media,*** the availability of data is no longer an issue,data labelling for exploiting it in supervised machine learning is still an expensive process and involves tedious human *** overall purpose of this study is to propose a strategy to automatically label the unlabeled textual data with the support of active learning in combination with deep *** specifically,this study assesses the performance of different active learning strategies in automatic labelling of the textual dataset at sentence and document *** achieve this objective,different experiments have been performed on the publicly available *** first set of experiments,we randomly choose a subset of instances from training dataset and train a deep neural network to assess performance on test *** the second set of experiments,we replace the random selection with different active learning strategies to choose a subset of the training dataset to train the same model and reassess its performance on test *** experimental results suggest that different active learning strategies yield performance improvement of 7% on document level datasets and 3%on sentence level datasets for auto labelling.

关键词： Active learning automatic labelling textual datasets

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Diabetes mellitus is not associated with worse short term outcome in patients older than 65 years old post-liver transplantation

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第2期15卷 274-281页

作者： Saad Alghamdi Shaden Alamro Dhari Alobaid Elwy Soliman Ali Albenmousa Khalid Ibrahim Bzeizi saleh Alabbad saleh A alqahtani Dieter Broering Waleed Al-Hamoudi Liver and Small Bowel Health Centre Department KFSHRCRiyadh 11211Saudi Arabia Department of Medicine KFSHRCRiyadh 11211Saudi Arabia Department of Internal Medicine Minia UniversityMinya 61519Egypt Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21287United States Liver Disease Research Center Department of MedicineCollege of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a global health care challenge and a leading indication of liver transplantation(LT).Hence,more patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)are undergoing LT,especially,above the age of *** To evaluate the impact of DM on short-term outcomes post-LT in patients over the age of *** We collected data of patients who underwent LT from January 2001 until December 2019 using our electronic medical *** assessed the impact of DM on short-term outcomes,one-year,post-LT based on the following variables:Survival at one year;acute cellular rejection(ACR)rates;intensive care unit(ICU)and hospital length of stay;and *** Total of 148 patients who are 65 year or older underwent LT during the study *** mean age is 68.5±3.3 years and 67.6%were *** median Model for End-stage Liver Disease score at time of transplantation was 22(6-39),39%of patients had hepatocellular carcinoma and 77.7%underwent living donor *** one-year survival was similar between DM patients and others,91%.ACR occurred in 13.5%of patients(P=0.902).The median ICU stay is 4.5-day P=*** rates of ICU and 90-d readmission were similar(P=0.821)and(P=0.194),*** The short-term outcome of elderly diabetic patients undergoing LT is similar to *** presence of DM in elderly LT candidates should not discourage physicians from transplant consideration in this cohort of patients.

关键词： Acute cellular rejection Diabetes mellitus Elderly Graft survival Liver transplantation

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Current status of first-line therapy,anti-angiogenic therapy and its combinations of other agents for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2021年第12期13卷 2038-2049页

作者： saleh A alqahtani Massimo G Colombo Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21287United States Liver Transplant Center and BiostatisticsEpidemiologyand Scientific Computing DepartmentKing Faisal Specialist Hospital&Research CenterRiyadh 11564Saudi Arabia Liver Center IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalMilan 20132Italy

Globally,hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a frequently diagnosed malignancy with rapidly increasing incidence and mortality ***,many of these patients are diagnosed in the advanced stages when locoregional treatments are not *** 2008,no effective drug treatments existed to prolong survival,until the breakthrough multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor(TKI)sorafenib was *** remained the standard treatment option for advanced HCC for 10 years,with a battery of other candidate drugs in clinical trials failing to produce similar efficacy *** 2018,the REFLECT trial introduced another multi-TKI,lenvatinib,which has non-inferior overall survival compared with ***,offering patients and their treating physicians two effective treatment ***,immunotherapy-based drugs,such as atezolizumab and bevacizumab,have shown promising results in patients with unresectable *** review summarizes clinical trial and real-world data studies of sorafenib and lenvatinib in patients with unresectable *** offer guidance on the optimal choice between the two treatments and discuss the potential of immunotherapy-based combination;when more data become available,this will likely make the choice between sorafenib and lenvatinib somewhat obsolete.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Immune checkpoint inhibitor Lenvatinib Multityrosine kinase inhibitor Sorafenib

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Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune hepatitis:A population-based matched cohort study

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第1期15卷 68-78页

作者： Arunkumar Krishnan Ruhee A Patel Yousaf Bashir Hadi Diptasree Mukherjee Sarah Shabih Shyam Thakkar Shailendra Singh Tinsay A Woreta saleh A alqahtani Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology West Virginia University School of MedicineMorgantownWV 26505United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287United States Department of Medicine Apex Institute of Medical ScienceKolkata 700075West BengalIndia Liver Transplant Center King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadh 12713Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Patients with autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)require life-long immunosuppressive agents that may increase the risk of poor coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** is a paucity of large data at the population level to assess whether patients with AIH have an increased risk of severe *** To evaluate the impact of pre-existing AIH on the clinical outcomes of patients with *** We conducted a population-based,multicenter,propensity score-matched cohort study with consecutive adult patients(≥18 years)diagnosed with COVID-19 using the TriNeTx research network *** outcomes of patients with AIH(main group)were compared to a propensity score-matched cohort of patients:(1)Without chronic liver disease(CLD);and(2)Patients with CLD except AIH(non-AIH CLD)control *** patient in the main group was matched to a patient in the control group using 1:1 propensity score matching to reduce confounding *** primary outcome was all-cause mortality,and secondary outcomes were hospitalization rate,need for critical care,severe disease,mechanical ventilation,and acute kidney injury(AKI).For each outcome,the risk ratio(RR)and confidence intervals(CI)were calculated to compare the association of AIH with the *** We identified 375 patients with AIH,1647915 patients with non-CLD,and 15790 patients with non-AIH CLD with COVID-19 *** to non-CLD patients,the AIH cohort had an increased risk of all-cause mortality(RR=2.22;95%CI:1.07-4.61),hospitalization rate(RR=1.78;95%CI:1.17-2.69),and severe disease(RR=1.98;95%CI:1.19-3.26).The AIH cohort had a lower risk of hospitalization rate(RR=0.72;95%CI:0.56-0.92),critical care(RR=0.50;95%CI:0.32-0.79),and AKI(RR=0.56;95%CI:0.35-0.88)compared to the non-AIH CLD *** Patients with AIH are associated with increased hospitalization risk,severe disease,and all-cause mortality compared to patients without pre-existing CLD from the diagnosis of ***,p

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Mortality Outcomes Liver disease Severe

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Systemic therapy for advanced cholangiocarcinoma:new options on the horizon

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Hepatoma Research 2020年第10期6卷 45-59页

作者： saleh A.alqahtani Massimo Colombo Liver Transplant Center King Faisal Specialist Hospital&Research CenterRiyadh 12713Saudi Arabia Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21287USA Liver Center San Raffaele HospitalMilan 20132Italy

Patients with unresectable cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)face a poor prognosis,and there are few effective treatment options for the *** standard of care for patients with locally advanced or metastatic CCA is chemotherapy with a gemcitabine-based ***,the clinical benefit obtained with these regimens is modest,with a median overall survival of about one *** CCA that is chemotherapy-refractory or recurs after first-line chemotherapy,the treatment options are even more limited,and no relevant randomized controlled data are *** recent years,molecular profiling has shed light on the molecular basis of CCA and identified subgroups of patients that might benefit from a personalized treatment *** efforts resulted in the recent FDA approval of the fibroblast growth factor receptor(FGFR)inhibitor,pemigatinib,as a second-line treatment for patients with advanced CCA harboring an FGFR2-fusion or *** other targeted agents also are under evaluation in patients with CCA,of which the isocitrate dehydrogenase inhibitor has had the most promising ***,immunotherapy is being explored as a new treatment approach for advanced CCA patients;indeed,the immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab can already be used to treat CCAs that are mismatch repair *** review is a comprehensive overview of the treatment options for CCA and offers a glimpse into what the future could hold for these patients.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitor isocitrate dehydrogenase inhibitor immune checkpoint inhibitor

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Viral hepatitis as a risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatoma Research 2020年第9期6卷 21-38页

作者： saleh A.alqahtani Massimo Colombo Liver Transplantation Unit King Faisal Specialist Hospital&Research CentreRiyadh 12713Saudi Arabia Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology John Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21287USA Center of Translational Research in Hepatology Humanitas HospitalRozzano 20089Italy.

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the fourth leading global cause of tumor-related *** has a high prevalence in patients with chronic liver diseases,and it mostly results from cirrhosis caused by infection with blood-borne *** the implementation of various diagnostic and prevention strategies,the rates of new HCC cases and mortality are increasing globally due to the aging and growth of the world population as well as their increased exposure to dominant risk factors like alcohol,hepatitis B and C,and clinical correlates of metabolic *** studies indicate that sanitation practices,implementation of vaccination programs against hepatitis B,and expanded recognition and treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B and C could greatly contribute to the eradication of viral hepatitis B and *** the availability of generic antiviral drugs could partially overcome the bottleneck represented by the lack of resources in low and middle-income countries,where viral hepatitis is the leading cause of liver cancer,the enthusiasm for the prevention of liver cancer through antiviral therapy is mitigated by the risk of cancer in many patients who are treated late in the hepatitis *** present work aimed to review in detail the various types,epidemiology,and carcinogenesis mechanisms of viral infections that are associated with a significantly increased risk for the development of HCC.

关键词： Antiviral agents hepatitis viruses hepatocellular carcinoma blood-borne hepatitis cirrhosis hepatitis B vaccine

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Abnormal liver chemistries as a predictor of COVID-19 severity and clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第5期28卷 570-587页

作者： Arunkumar Krishnan Laura Prichett Xueting Tao saleh A alqahtani James P Hamilton Esteban Mezey Alexandra T Strauss Ahyoung Kim James J Potter Po-Hung Chen Tinsay A Woreta Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287United States Department of Pediatrics Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287United States Liver Transplant Center King Faisal Specialist Hospital&Research CenterRiyadh 12713Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Abnormal liver chemistries are common findings in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19).However,the association of these abnormalities with the severity of COVID-19 and clinical outcomes is poorly understood AIM We aimed to assess the prevalence of elevated liver chemistries in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and compare the serum liver chemistries to predict the severity and in-hospital *** This retrospective,observational study included 3380 patients with COVID-19 who were hospitalized in the Johns Hopkins Health System(Baltimore,MD,United States).Demographic data,clinical characteristics,laboratory findings,treatment measures,and outcome data were *** regression modeling was used to explore variables associated with abnormal liver chemistries on admission with disease severity and prognosis RESULTS A total of 2698(70.4%)had abnormal alanine aminotransferase(ALT)at the time of *** more prevalent abnormal liver chemistries were aspartate aminotransferase(AST)(44.4%),alkaline phosphatase(ALP)(16.1%),and total bilirubin(T-Bil)(5.9%).Factors associated with liver injury were older age,Asian ethnicity,other race,being overweight,and *** ALT,AST,T-Bil,and ALP levels were more commonly associated with disease *** adjusted Cox regression analysis revealed that abnormal AST and T-Bil were associated with the highest mortality risk than other liver injury indicators during *** AST,T-Bil,and ALP were associated with a need for vasopressor drugs,whereas higher levels of AST,T-Bil,and a decreased albumin levels were associated with mechanical ventilation CONCLUSION Abnormal liver chemistries are common at the time of hospital admission in COVID-19 patients and can be closely related to the patient’s severity and *** liver chemistries,specifically ALT,AST,ALP,and T-Bil levels,can be used to stratify risk and predict the need for advanced therapies in t

关键词： Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Liver injury Liver tests Aspartate aminotransferase Alanine aminotransferase bilirubin

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Regional and National Trends of Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation in the United States Over the Last Two Decades

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第5期10卷 814-824页

作者： saleh A.alqahtani Ahmet Gurakar Hani Tamim Thomas D.Schiano Alan Bonder Zachary Fricker Marwan Kazimi Devin E.Eckhoff Michael P.Curry Behnam Saberi Johns Hopkins University Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyBaltimoreMDUSA American University of Beirut Department of Internal MedicineBeirutLebanon Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Division of Liver DiseasesNew YorkNYUSA Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Background and Aims:Liver organ shortage remains a major health burden in the US,with more patients being waitlisted than the number of liver transplants(LTs)*** study investigated US national and regional trends in living donor LT(LDLT)and identified factors associated with recipient ***:We retrospectively analyzed LDLT recipients and donors from the United Network Organ Sharing/Organ Procurement Transplant Network database from 1998 until 2019 for clinical characteristics,demographic differences,and survival *** and regional trends in LDLT,recipient outcomes,and predictors of survival were ***:Of the 223,571 candidates listed for an LT,57.5%received an organ,of which only 4.2%were *** adult LDLTs first peaked at 412 in 2001 but experienced a significant decline to 168 by *** then gradually increased to 445 in *** 2 had the highest LDLT numbers(n=919),while region 1 had the highest proportion(11.1%).Overall,post-LT mortality was 21.4%among LDLT ***-LDLT survival rates after 1-,5-,and 10-years were 92%,87%,and 70%,*** analysis(2004–2019)showed that patients undergoing LDLT in recent years had lower mortality than in earlier years(hazard ratio=0.81,95%confidence interval=0.75–0.88).Conclusions:Following a substantial decline after a peak in 2001,the number of adult LDLTs steadily increased from 2011 to ***,LDLTs still constitute the minority of the transplant pool in the *** policies to increase the use of LDLTs,particularly in regions of high organ demand,should be implemented.

关键词： Living donor Liver transplantation Survival UNOS Organ demand

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COVID-19: An overview and a clinical update

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第1期9卷 8-23页

作者： Arunkumar Krishnan James P Hamilton saleh A alqahtani Tinsay A Woreta Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287United States Liver Transplant Center King Faisal Specialist Hospital&Research CenterRiyadh 12713Saudi Arabia

The outbreak of coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19,previously known as 2019 nCoV)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection in Wuhan City,China,has spread rapidly around the *** patients from the first cluster had an epidemiological connection to the Wuhan's Huanan Seafood Wholesale *** evidence has shown that SARSCoV-2 can be easily transmitted from person to person through close contact and respiratory droplets,posing a substantial challenge to public *** present,the research on SARS-CoV-2 is still in the primary ***,dexamethasone and remdesivir are appeared to be promising medical ***,there is no definite specific treatment,and the mainstay of treatment is still focused on supportive ***,over 150 vaccines are under *** is necessary to understand the nature of the virus and its clinical characteristics in order to find effectively manage the *** knowledge about this virus is rapidly evolving,and clinicians must update themselves *** present review comprehensively summarizes the epidemiology,pathogenesis,clinical characteristics,and management of COVID-19 based on the current evidence.

关键词： Coronaviruses COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Epidemiology Symptoms Laboratory Imaging Treatment Vaccines Prevention

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Hemodynamics in the immediate post-transplantation period in alcoholic and viral cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第5期16卷 608-612页

作者： Waleed K Al-Hamoudi saleh alqahtani Puneeta Tandon Samuel S Lee Gastroenterology Unit(59) College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityPO Box 2925Riyadh 11461 Saudi Arabia Gastroenterology unit King Faisal Specialist Hospital&Research CenterJeddah 21499Saudi Arabia Alberta Liver Transplantation Program University of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaT6G 2X8 Canada Liver Unit University of CalgaryCalgary AlbertaT2N 4N1Canada

AIM:To study the hemodynamics in the immediate post transplant period and compare patients with alcoholic vs viral cirrhosis. METHODS:Between 2000-2003,38 patients were transplanted for alcoholic cirrhosis and 28 for postviral *** rate(HR),central venous pressure(CVP), mean arterial pressure(MAP),pulmonary capillary wedge pressure(PCWP),cardiac index(CI),systemic vascular resistance index(SVRI),pulmonary artery pressure(PAP),and pulmonary vascular resistance index(PVRI)were measured immediately and 24 h post transplantation. RESULTS:Hyperdynamic circulation persisted at 24 hfollowing transplantation with an elevated CI of 5.4± 1.3 L/(min×m 2 )and 4.9±1.0 L/(min×m 2 )in the viral and alcoholic groups,respectively,and was associated with a decreased *** the first 24 h, there was a significant decrease in HR and increase in MAP;the extent of the change was similar in both *** CVP,PCWP,and SVRI increased,and CI decreased in the viral patients,but not the alcoholic *** showed a lower PVRI(119±52 dynes/(cm 5 ×m 2 )vs 166±110 dynes/(cm5×m2),P< 0.05)and PAP(20±7 mmHg vs 24±7 mmHg,P< 0.05)compared to the viral group at 24 h. CONCLUSION:Hyperdynamic circulation persists in the immediate post-transplant period with a faster improvement in the viral *** patients have a more pronounced pulmonary vasodilatation.

关键词： Hemodynamics Cirrhosis Alcohol Viral Allograft

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