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A decline in snow cover area of Passu and Ghulkin valleys between 1995 and 2022

Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第12期20卷 3542-3551页

作者： Imran HUSSAIN Mumtaz ali Sher MUHAMMAD Wajid HASSAN salar ali Zakir HUSSAIN Syed Hammad ali Shaukat ali Muhammad Younis KHAN Department of Environmental Sciences University of BaltistanSkardu 16100Pakistan Micromaps IT and GIS Consultancy LLC 26135UAE International Centers for Integrated Mountain Development(ICIMOD) G.P.O.Box 3226KathmanduNepal Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Glacier Monitoring Research Centre(GMRC) Water and Power Development Authority(WAPDA)Lahore 54000Pakistan SickKids Centre for Global Child Health The Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntario M5G 2L3Canada Global Change Impact Studies Center(GCISC) Islamabad 44000Pakistan Departments of Earth Sciences College of ScienceSultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat 123Oman National Centers of Excellence in Geology(NCEG) University of PeshawarPeshawar 25130Pakistan

The global cryosphere is experiencing accelerated melting due to climate ***,the Karakoram anomaly is under discussion with a debate about the possibility that the anomaly may have recently *** study aims to evaluate the up-to-date changes in snow cover in the western Karakoram *** observed the snow cover changes in Passu and Ghulkin valleys in the Hunza River basin(HRB)of the Karakoram through multitemporal Landsat satellite data between 1995 and *** found a significant reduction in snow cover in these valleys,with an average reduction rate of 0.42 km~2/yr,resulting in a total reduction of~11.46 km~2 between 1995 and *** reduction in snow cover is consistent with the mass loss of glaciers in the Karakoram region in recent *** decline in snow cover in these valleys is also consistent with the meteorological *** temperature in summer(June)has significantly increased whereas the precipitation in the accumulation season(March)has *** rapid changes suggest that it is crucially important to monitor the snow cover on a regular basis to support downstream management of snowmelt *** addition,there is a need of planning for mitigation and adaptation strategies for snow-related hazards.

关键词： Cryosphere Snow covers area Climate change Karakoram

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Wind-induced hydrodynamic changes impact on sediment resuspension for large, shallow Lake Taihu, China

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2019年第3期34卷 205-215页

作者： Abdul Jalil Yiping Li Ke Zhang Xiaomeng Gao Wencai Wang Hafiz Osama Sarwar Khan Baozhu Pan salar ali Kumud Acharya State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes Ministry of Education Hohai University College of Environment Hohai University Laboratory Base of Eco-hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area Xi'an University of Technology Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Division of Hydrologic Sciences Desert Research Institute

The internal sediment release is a key factor controlling eutrophication processes in large, shallow *** resuspension is associated with the wave and current induced shear stress in large, shallow lakes. The current study investigated the wind field impacts on sediment resuspension from the bottom at Meiliang Bay of large, shallow Lake Taihu. The impacts of the wind field on the wave, current, and wave-current combined shear stresses were calculated. The critical wind speed range was 4–6 m/s after which wave and current shear stress started to increase abruptly, and onshore wind directions were found to be mainly responsible for greater shear stress at the bottom of Lake Taihu. A second order polynomial fitting correlation was found between wave(R20.4756) and current(R20.4466) shear stresses with wind speed. Wave shear stress accounted for 92.5% of the total shear stress at Meiliang *** critical wave shear stress and critical total shear stress were 0.13 N/m2 for sediment resuspension whereas the current shear stress was 0.019 N/m~2 after which suspended sediment concentrations(SSC)increased abruptly. A second order polynomial fitting correlation was found between wave(R20.739),current(R20.6264), and total shear stress(R20.7394) with SSC concentrations at Meiliang Bay of Lake Taihu. The sediment resuspension rate was 120 to 738 g/m~2/d during 4–6 m/s onshore winds while offshore winds contributed Z 200 g/m~2/d. The study results reveal the driving mechanism for understanding the role of the wind field in sediment resuspension while considering wind speed and direction as control parameters to define wave and current shear stresses.

关键词： Shear stress Sediment resuspension Lake Taihu Hydrodynamics Wind field

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Effect of sample treatment on determination of arsenic （Ⅲ） and arsenic （Ⅴ） in aqueous and tissue samples by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2009年第6期3卷 49-53页

作者： Jamileh salar-Amoli Tahereh ali-Esfahani Jalal Hassan Toxicology Research Center University of Tehran Tehran 14155-6453 Iran

The purpose of this procedure was to optimize and improve a method that used for the determination of arsenic （Ⅲ） and arsenic （Ⅴ） in biological and environmental samples. The method is based on hydride generation and atomic absorption spectrometry. For both As （Ⅲ） and As （Ⅴ） the parameters such as NaBH4, HCI concentration, and pH were optimized. Absorption signal of As （Ⅴ） was approximately 17% of As （Ⅲ） signal. Therefore, for estimation of As （Ⅲ） and As （Ⅴ） concentrations in various samples the difference between the absorbance obtained for arsenic, without and with previous treatment of samples with potassium iodide （KI）, can be applied. The calibration graphs were linear （r〉0.99）, and the detection limits of the method based on three times the standard deviation of the blank were 0.14 and 0.64 μL^-1 for As （Ⅲ） and As （Ⅴ）, respectively. The relative standard deviation （R.S.D.） of measurements was less than 10%. As a means of checking performance method, water samples were spiked with known concentrations of both As （Ⅲ） and As （Ⅴ）, and recovery above 94% was obtained. The proposed method was applied successfully to determine inorganic As （Ⅲ） and As （Ⅴ） in various environmental and total As in biological samples.

关键词： arsenic speciation hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry

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3D打印和电沉积多层超轻夹层板的力学性能和能量吸收性能

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年第1期34卷 255-264页

作者： Mehrnoosh HOSSEINPOUR salar ROHANI NEJAD Seyed Mohammad Hossein MIRBAGHERI Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Amirkabir University of TechnologyHafez St.Tehran15875-4413Iran

研究由开孔聚合物和金属/聚合物泡沫芯制成的轻质夹层板的力学性能和能量吸收性能。通过结合聚合物树脂的增材制造和三层金属(Ni/Ni-Cu/Ni)的电沉积制备多层夹层板,每英寸孔数(PPI)为4、5和6。测试样品在单轴压缩变形过程中的屈服强度,... 详细信息

研究由开孔聚合物和金属/聚合物泡沫芯制成的轻质夹层板的力学性能和能量吸收性能。通过结合聚合物树脂的增材制造和三层金属(Ni/Ni-Cu/Ni)的电沉积制备多层夹层板,每英寸孔数(PPI)为4、5和6。测试样品在单轴压缩变形过程中的屈服强度,计算其能量吸收密度、互补能和比吸收能(SEA)。结果表明,与相同厚度的纯Ni和Cu夹层板相比,复合夹层板的性能有明显改善。增加PPI和金属层可提高力学性能和能量吸收性能,当PPI为6时,屈服强度(能量吸收密度)由聚合物夹层板的0.12 MPa(0.12MJ/m^(3))提高到三层金属夹层板的1.83MPa(0.67 MJ/m^(3))。对夹层板结构归一化能量的研究表明,夹层板具有可预测的塑性变形行为,多金属层改善了新型夹层板的力学性能。其能量吸收性能的显著增强可保证材料在不同行业的独特应用。

关键词：夹层板能量吸收金属泡沫 Voronoi结构增材制造金属电层级

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Optimum structural design of full-scale steel buildings using drift-tribe-charged system search

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2022年第3期21卷 825-842页

作者： Siamak Talatahari Hedayat Veladi Mahdi Azizi ali Moutabi-Alavi salar Rahnema Department of Civil Engineering University of TabrizTabriz 51666Iran Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW 2007Australia

In this paper,the potential of utilizing improved metaheuristic approaches in optimal design of building structures is *** this regard,the drift-tribe-charged system search algorithm is proposed that the position and velocity updating processes of the charged system search is developed by implementing the mathematical presentation of the free-electron model utilized for metal *** addition,the searching phase of the developed algorithm is also divided into three separate phases in order to improve the convergence capability of the *** means of these modifications,the exploitation and exploration rates of the standard algorithm are *** order to determine the ability of the proposed improved metaheuristic method considering some complex optimization problems,a 10-story steel building structure with 1026 structural members alongside a 60-story structure with 8272 members are utilized as numerical *** overall capability of the developed metaheuristic approach is compared with other metaheuristics.A total number of 30 independent runs have been conducted for each of the standard and proposed methods while a statistical analysis is also conducted for comparative *** obtained optimum results demonstrated that the proposed metaheuristic approach is capable of preparing better outcomes than other metaheuristics.

关键词： drift-tribe-charged system search optimum structural design full-scale steel building statistical analysis

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Prevalence of fragile X syndrome among patients with mental retardation in the west of Iran

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Frontiers in Biology 2018年第6期13卷 464-468页

作者： Peyman Hadi Karimeh Haghani ali Noori-Zadeh salar Bakhtiyari Department of biology Sanandaj BranchIslamic Azad UniversityKurdistanIran Department of Clinical Biochemistry Faculty of MedicineIlam University of Medical SciencesIlamIran Department of Clinical Biochemistry Faculty ofParamedicineIlam University of Medical SciencesIlamIran

Fragile X syndrome (FXS), an X-linked disorder, is the most common cause of inherited mental retardation. This is caused by a trinucleotide CGG repeat expansion (>200) on the fragile X mental retardation 1 gene (FMR1) becoming methylated leading to a deficiency or absence of the FMR1 protein. Determining FXS prevalence in the mentally retarded individuals in the west of Iran was the aim of this study. 200 patients with moderate mental retardation who were clinically suspicious to FXS were screened using cytogenetic and molecular methods. Blood samples were collected and cultured in the specific culture media. The G-Banding method was used for karyotyping and DNA sequencing performed for verifying the results of the cytogenetic tests. 16 patients (8%) were found to have fragile X syndrome. The results showed that there is no significant association between the fragile X syndrome and economic status and place of residence, however, the relationship between fragile X syndrome and mental retardation in the family history is significant. The frequency of FXS was similar to other reports in the preselected patients. For diagnosis of FXS, chromosome analysis must be accompanied by molecular studies.

关键词： genetic diseases inborn FMR1 karyotype diagnosis mental retardation

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Numerical evaluation of turbulence models for dense to dilute gas-solid flows in vertical conveyor

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Particuology 2012年第5期10卷 553-561页

作者： salar Azizi Dariush Mowla Goodarz Ahmadi Chemical Engineering Department School of Chemical and Petroleum EngineeringShiraz UniversityShiraz 71345-1789Iran Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering Clarkson UniversityPotsdamNY 13699-5725USA

A two-fluid model （TFM） ofmultiphase flows based on the kinetic theory and small frictional limit boundary condition of granular flow was used to study the behavior of dense to dilute gas-solid flows in vertical pneumatic conveyor. An axisymmetric 2-dimensional, vertical pipe with 5.6 m length and 0.01 m internal diameter was chosen as the computation domain, same to that used for experimentation in the literature. The chosen particles are spherical, of diameter 1.91 mm and density 2500 kg/m3. Turbulence interaction between the gas and particle phases was investigated by Simonin＇s and Ahmadi＇s models and their numerical results were validated for dilute to dense conveying of particles. Flow regimes transition and pressure drop were predicted. Voidage and velocity profiles of each phase were calculated in radial direction at different lengths of the conveying pipe. It was found that the voidage has a minimum, and gas and solid velocities have maximum values along the center line of the conveying pipe and pressure drop has a minimum value in transition from dense slugging to dilute stable flow regime. Slug length and pressure fluctuation reduction were predicted with increasing gas velocity, too. It is shown that solid phase tur- bulence plays a significant role in numerical prediction of hydrodynamics of conveyor and the capability of particles turbulence models deDends on tuning parameters of sliD-wall boundarv condition.

关键词： Vertical gas-solid flowTFMKinetic theoryTurbulenceNumerical modeling

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Association of mitochondrial dysfunction and,lipid metabolism with type 2diabetes mellitus:A review of literature

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Frontiers in Biology 2018年第6期13卷 406-417页

作者： Karimeh Haghani Pouyan Asadi Gholamreza Taheripak ali Noori-Zadeh Shahram Darabi salar Bakhtiyari Department of Clinical Biochemistry Faculty of MedicineIlam University of Medical SciencesIlamIran Medical Cellular &Molecular Research Center Golestan University of Medical SciencesGorgan1ran Department of Clinical Biochemistry School of Medicine1ran University of Medical SciencesTehran1ran Department of Clinical Biochemistry Faculty of Paramedicine1lain University of Medical Sciencesllam1ran Cellular and Molecular Research Center Qazvin University of Medical ScienceQazvin1ran

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases, and its prevalence continues to increase globally. The impact of mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid metabolism on diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance (IR) has been implicated in several previous reports; however, the results of studies are confusing despite four decades of study. This review has evaluated updated understanding of the role of mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid metabolism on type 2 diabetes, and found that mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid metabolism disorder induce the dysregulation of liver and pancreatic beta cells, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid metabolism induce metabolic dysregulation and finally increasing the possibility of diabetes.

关键词： Insulin resistance Type 2 diabetes Mitochondrial dysfunction Lipid metabolism

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Absorptive capacities approaches for investigating national innovation systems in low and middle income countries

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2022年第3期6卷 183-195页

作者： Muhammad salar Khan Schar School of Policyand Government George Mason UniversityArlingtonVA22201USA

This review article covers some of the founding literature that helps develop our understandingof the National Innovation System (NIS) concept. Subsequently, several versionsof NIS, including system-functional approaches, are discussed and compared with narrowresearch and development (R&D) and market-based approaches. Finally, the article contendsthat the system-functional and other narrow approaches are limited in application tothe developing low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Thus, it makes a case for moreinclusive absorptive capacity approaches and explains how they might be more relevant ininvestigating the NIS of an LMIC. Such approaches suggest LMICs be strategic in buildingtheir innovation base and plead for strong local conditions (capacities)to produceknowledge as well as capture and improvise on incoming knowledge from abroad. Theresearch is important as it provides insights into analyzing and capturing innovationprocesses in LMICs, which are prime candidates for development and innovation studiesandpractice.

关键词： Innovation system Absorptive capacity Innovation Development Low-and middle-income countries

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Practical optimization of deployable and scissor-like structures using a fast GA method

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2019年第3期13卷 557-568页

作者： M.salar M.R.GHASEMI B.DIZANGIAN Department of Civil Engineering University of Sistan and BaluchestanZahedanIran Department of Civil Engineering Velayat UniversityIranshahrIran

This paper addresses practical sizing optimization of deployable and scissor-like structures from a new point of *** structures have been recently highly regarded for beauty,lightweight,determine behavior,proper performance against lateral loads and the ability of been compactly *** this time,there is a few studies done considering practical optimization of these *** considered here includes wind and gravity *** foldable scissor-like structures,connections have a complex *** this reason,in this study,the authors used the ABAQUS commercial package as an analyzer in the optimization *** made the obtained optimal solutions highly reliable from the point of view of applicability and construction ***,to do optimization task,a fast genetic algorithm method,which has been recently introduced by authors,was *** results show that despite less weight for aluminum models than steel models,aluminum deployable structures are not affordable because they need more material than steel structures and cause more environmental damage.

关键词： optimization scissor-like structures deployable structures genetic algorithm ABAQUS

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