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Soil inorganic carbon sequestration through alkalinity regeneration using biologically induced weathering of rock powder and biochar

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Soil Ecology Letters 2022年第4期4卷 293-306页

作者： Muhammad Azeem sajjad raza Gang Li Pete Smith Yong-Guan Zhu Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Ningbo Observation and Research Station Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Zhejiang Key Lab of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in BeilunNingbo 315830China Institute of Soil and Environmental Science Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University RawalpindiPunjab 46300Pakistan School of Geographical Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 21000China Institute of Biological&Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen23 St Machar DriveAberdeen AB243UUUK

Soil inorganic carbon(SIC)accounts for about half of the C reserves worldwide and is considered more stable than soil organic carbon(SOC).However,soil acidification,driven mainly by nitrogen(N)fertilization can accelerate SIC losses,possibly leading to complete loss under continuous and intensive N ***-free soils are less fertile,productive,and more prone to ***,minimizing carbonate losses is essential for soil health and climate change ***/mineral residues or powder have been suggested as a cheaper source of amendments to increase soil ***,slow mineral dissolution limits its efficient *** microorganisms play a vital role in the weathering of rocks and their inoculation with mineral residues can enhance dissolution *** is an alternative material for soil amendments,in particular,bone biochar(BBC)contains higher Ca and Mg that can induce even higher *** review covers i)the contribution and mechanism of rock residues in alkalinity generation,ii)the role of biochar or BBC to soil alkalinity,and iii)the role of microbial inoculation for accelerating alkalinity generation through enhanced mineral *** conclude that using rock residues/BBC combined with microbial agents could mitigate soil acidification and SIC losses and also improve agricultural circularity.

关键词： Soil acidity Climate change Valorizing of waste Biological weathering

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Hepatitis D: Scenario in the Asia-Pacifi c region

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第5期16卷 554-562页

作者： Zaigham Abbas Wasim Jafri sajjad raza Department of Hepatogastroenterology Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation Karachi 74200 Sindh Pakistan Department of Medicine The Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi 74800 Pakistan Dow Medical College Karachi 74200 Pakistan

Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection is present worldwide and affects all age groups. Around 18 million people are estimated to be infected with HDV. An important trend in HDV infection is global decline. HDV prevalence has decreased significantly in Europe since the 1970s and 1980s when it was f irst reported. The Asia-Pacif ic region now seems to be where HDV is a major health concern. There is a lack of available data from most of the countries from this region; hence, the true status of HDV cannot be determined. In South Asia, most of the countries have conditions that are favorable for the spread of hepatitis B and other related infections. Countries like Pakistan and Iran have shown an increase in HDV prevalence over a period of time. Other countries and region like China, Turkey, Australia, Japan, India and Taiwan, some of which had very high HDV prevalence in the past, have shown a decline in the incidence, but high prevalence persists in some. Intravenous drug abusers, homosexual men and women, prostitutes, and people on hemodialysis are the groups with very high HDV prevalence.

关键词： Hepatitis D Asia-Pacif ic region Prevalence Epidemiology

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The evaluation/application of Hydrus-2D model for simulating macro-pores flow in loess soil

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2017年第3期5卷 196-201页

作者： Xuexuan Xu Shahmir Ali Kalhoro Wenyuan Chen sajjad raza Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China Faculty of Agriculture Lasbela University of AgricultureWater and Marine SciencesUthalPakistan Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan

Soil hydraulic properties were mainly governed by soil structures especially when the structures is full of the connected soil ***,the good hydrological models need to be well documented for revealing the process of soil water movement affected by soil *** Hydrus-2D model with double domain was recommended in simulating water movement in a heterogeneous medium of *** evaluate the performance of the double domain Hydrus-2D model in loess soil,the dynamic of soil wetting front movement in differential loess soil columns under the constant water head were observed and the processes was simulated by Hydrus-2D model under conditions of different soil *** results indicated that the Hydrus-2D model was quite good in simulation of loess soil water movements,and the relative errors of simulation results are less than 15%,MRE less than 5%,and R^(2)>*** results provided the appropriate infiltration parameters of loess soil.

关键词： Hydrus-2D model Macro-pores Soil infiltration Wetting front movement

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生物炭及生物硝化抑制剂添加对黄土区设施菜地土壤温室气体排放的影响

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中国土壤与肥料 2023年第8期 50-58页

作者：王娟高晶波何建平姜振辉 sajjad raza 山西大同大学农学与生命科学学院山西大同037009 中国科学院植物研究所北京100093 南京信息工程大学地理科学学院江苏南京210044

通过室内培养试验研究生物炭及生物硝化抑制剂添加对黄土区设施菜地土壤N_(2)O和CO_(2)排放的影响,并与化学合成硝化抑制剂作对比。试验设置6个处理:不施肥(CK)、施氮(N)、施氮+生物炭(N+BC)、施氮+双氰胺(N+DCD)、施氮+苦楝油(N+NEEM)... 详细信息

通过室内培养试验研究生物炭及生物硝化抑制剂添加对黄土区设施菜地土壤N_(2)O和CO_(2)排放的影响,并与化学合成硝化抑制剂作对比。试验设置6个处理:不施肥(CK)、施氮(N)、施氮+生物炭(N+BC)、施氮+双氰胺(N+DCD)、施氮+苦楝油(N+NEEM)和施氮+对羟基苯丙酸甲酯(N+MHPP)。结果表明,与CK处理相比,各施氮处理均显著增加了土壤矿质态氮含量及N_(2)O和CO_(2)累积排放量,其中,以N处理最高。与N处理相比,N+DCD处理显著降低了土壤NO_(3)^(-)-N含量,而增加了土壤NH_(4)^(+)-N含量,其他处理无显著差异。培养结束时,N+BC、N+DCD、N+NEEM和N+MHPP处理均显著降低了N_(2)O和CO_(2)累积排放量,其中,N_(2)O降低幅度分别为21.9%、71.4%、19.5%和37.9%,CO_(2)降低幅度分别为12.0%、35.7%、15.8%和10.4%。试验表明,黄土区设施菜地土壤施用生物炭及生物硝化抑制剂对温室气体减排效果显著,但在当前添加量下其减排效果仍不及化学合成硝化抑制剂双氰胺处理。

关键词：黄土区设施菜地生物炭生物硝化抑制剂 N_(2)O排放

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氮肥及硝化抑制剂配合施用对石灰性土壤二氧化碳释放的影响

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农业环境科学学报 2017年第8期36卷 1658-1663页

作者：李雪松 sajjad raza 刘占军陈竹君周建斌西北农林科技大学资源环境学院陕西杨凌712100 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室陕西杨凌712100

为研究施用氮肥对同时含有有机碳及无机碳石灰性土壤碳释放的影响,在陕西杨凌进行田间试验,比较了不同施氮量(0、160、220 kg·hm^(-2))及其与硝化抑制剂(DCD)配合(N160、N220及N160+DCD、N220+DCD)对土壤pH值、矿质态氮含量和二氧化碳(... 详细信息

为研究施用氮肥对同时含有有机碳及无机碳石灰性土壤碳释放的影响,在陕西杨凌进行田间试验,比较了不同施氮量(0、160、220 kg·hm^(-2))及其与硝化抑制剂(DCD)配合(N160、N220及N160+DCD、N220+DCD)对土壤pH值、矿质态氮含量和二氧化碳(CO_2)释放量的影响。结果表明:施用氮肥显著降低了耕层土壤pH;配施DCD后土壤pH降低幅度小于未加DCD处理;加入DCD使氮肥的硝化过程推迟了约20 d;未加DCD处理的土壤CO_2释放量随施氮量增加而增加,试验结束时(施肥37 d后)土壤CO_2累积释放量最高达到167.1 g·m^(-2)。与N0处理相比,N160和N220处理的土壤CO_2累积释放量显著增加,增幅分别为20.9%和25.7%;N160+DCD和N220+DCD处理显著降低了土壤CO_2累积释放量,比对应相同施氮量处理分别降低了13.5%和11.0%。上述结果说明施用氮肥会同时影响石灰性土壤有机碳及无机碳的释放,施用氮肥引起的土壤无机碳的释放值得关注。

关键词：石灰性土壤氮肥硝化抑制剂土壤pH 土壤碳释放

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Effect of Different Levels of Phosphorus and Method of Application on the Growth and Yield of Wheat

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Natural Science 2016年第7期8卷 305-314页

作者： Shahzado Noonari Shahmir Ali Kalhoro Amjad Ali Amanullah Mahar sajjad raza Muneer Ahmed Syed Fayaz Ali Shah Sana Ullah Baloch Department of Agronomy Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam Pakistan Institute of Soil & Water Conservation Northwest A&F University Yangling China Faculty of Agriculture Lasbela University of Agriculture Water and Marine Science Uthal Pakistan College of Natural Resources & Environment Northwest A&F University Yangling China Agricultural Research Institute (Tarnab) Peshawar Pakistan Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the productivity of wheat under different levels of phosphorus and method of application at Department of Agronomy, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam. Experiment was laid out in a RCBD (factorial) with three replications. The treatments were four phosphorus levels (P1 = 0 Kg?ha–1 + Recommended Nitrogen, P2 = 30 Kg?ha–1 + Recommended Nitrogen, P3 = 60 Kg?ha–1 + Recommended Nitrogen and P4 = 90 Kg?ha–1 + Recommended Nitrogen) and two placement methods (A1 = Drilling method and A2 = Broadcast method). The statistical analysis of phosphorus levels and placement exhibited significant differences to the maturity days, plant height, tiller production, spike length, grains per spike, seed index, harvest index and grain yield ha–1. However, the interactions of P levels and placement in all crop characters were non-significant except the grain yield/ha–1. The results revealed that application of 90 kg P ha–1 prolonged 143 days for maturity, taller plants (100.16 cm), more tiller plant–1 (13.50), lengthy spikes (12.83 cm), more grains spike–1 (51.33), heavier seed index (48.16 g), better harvest index (50.82%) and satisfactory grain yield (4240.50 Kg?ha–1). The unit increase in grain yield was positively correlated with the increased values of observed crop parameters by extending the values of maturity r = 0.85, plant height r = 0.94, tillers plant r = 0.96, spike length r = 0.95, grains spik–1 r = 0.97, seed index r = 0.95 and harvest index r = 0.97. It was concluded that 90 kg P ha–1 was superior level of phosphorus if, applied with seed drilling for obtaining satisfactory grain yield of wheat crop.

关键词： Wheat Phosphorous Broadcasting Drilling Yield

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Correlation and Regression Analysis for Yield Traits in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes

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Natural Science 2016年第3期8卷 96-104页

作者： Athar Hussain Bhutto Asghar Ali Rajpar Shahmir Ali Kalhoro Amjad Ali Fahad Ali Kalhoro Muneer Ahmed sajjad raza Niaz Ahmed Kalhoro Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam Pakistan Faculty of Agriculture Lasbela University of Agriculture Water & Marine Sciences Uthal Pakistan College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F University Yangling China Soil Survey of Pakistan Devolution Cell Cabinet Division Camp Office Hyderabad Pakistan

The present research work was carried out at Southern Wheat Research Station, Tandojam during the growing season 2013-14 in order to work out correlation and regression analysis for yield traits in wheat genotypes. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Eight bread wheat genotypes such as Mehran, Sarsabz, TJ-83, SKD-1, Inqlab, A. Sattar, Sehar and Sassui were used to examine correlation and regression. Seven traits, viz.;plant height, tillers plant-1, spike length, spikelet’s spike-1, grains spike-1, seed index and grain yield plant-1 were studied. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for plant height, tillers plant-1, spike length, spikelet’s spike-1, grains spike-1, seed index and grain yield plant-1. Based on mean performance, variety Sarsabz gave maximum plant height (95.46), produced maximum tillers plant-1 (4.40), gave more grain spike-1 (63.13), TJ-83 gave highest seed index (47.260), and was next ranker in spike length-1 (12.07), spikelet’s spike-1 (19.13), grains spike-1 (59.86), and grain yield plant-1 (9.86) among the genotypes. The phenotypic correlations revealed that tillers plant-1 and grains spike-1 were highly positively associated;hence these yield components can be used as reliable selection criteria to improve grain yield in wheat. Thus estimation of correlation and regression analysis among yield and yield components may provide effective selection criteria to improve wheat grain yield. The results from correlation and regression of plant height indicated significantly positive association with spikelet’s spike-1, tillers plant-1 and grains spike-1 which revealed that increase in plant height will cause corresponding increase in associated traits.

关键词： Wheat Grain Yield Genotype Analysis

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Screening Selected Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) Genotypes for Yield Performance in Sindh, Pakistan

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Natural Science 2016年第2期8卷 53-65页

作者： Shoaib Gul Asghar Ali Rajper Fahad Ali Kalhoro Shamir Ali Kalhoro Amjad Ali Fayaz Ali Shah sajjad raza Muneer Ahmed Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam Pakistan Faculty of Agriculture Lasbela University of Agriculture Water & Marine Sciences Lasbela Pakistan Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Northwest A&F University Yangling China College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F University Yangling China Agriculture Research Institute Tarnab Peshawar Pakistan

The present study was carried out during the year 2013-14 on the screening of the selected linseed genotypes for yield performance in Sindh, Pakistan. The experiment was laid out at the experimental fields of Oilseeds Section, Agriculture Research Institute, Tandojam in a three replicated randomized complete block design. Twelve linseed genotypes (L-53, C-W-2, Shikarpur 2, P-16-4, L-8, 11-106, Hala 3, L-17, Santane, Summit, L-10 and check llsi 90) were screened for their agronomic performance and correlations amongst yield and its contributing traits were calculated. The analysis of variance suggested significant (P -16-4 surpassed Ilsi-90 for primary branches;and most of the remaining genotypes were at par with the commercial check for primary branches. Genotype L-10 surpassed the commercial check for capsules plant-1 and L-8 was at par with the commercial check;while none of the genotypes could surpass commercial check variety for seed index, but 11-106, Hala-3 and Summit also showed promising performance regarding the seed index. All the genotypes tested in this experiment such as L-53, C-W-2, Shikarpur 2, P-16-4, L-8, 11-106, Hala 3, L-17, Santane, Summit, L-10 surpassed the commercial check variety Ilsi-90 for seed yield plot-1. The correlation coefficient for yield and its contributing traits of linseed genotypes showed a positive and significant (P -1 vs seed yield plant-1 (r = 0.3334*), days to maturity vs spike length (r = 0.5384**), days to 75% flowering vs days to 90% maturity (r = 0.4073**), days to 75% flowering vs seed index (r = 0.429

关键词： Selected Linseed

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Effect of Salts Stress on the Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第15期7卷 2257-2271页

作者： Niaz Ahmed Kalhoro Inayatullah Rajpar Shahmir Ali Kalhoro Amjad Ali sajjad raza Muneer Ahmed Fahad Ali Kalhoro Muhammad Ramzan Fazli Wahid Soil Survey of Pakistan Devolution Cell Cabinet Division Camp Office Hyderabad Pakistan Department of Soil Science Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam Pakistan Faculty of Agriculture Lasbela University of Agriculture Water and Marine Sciences Balochistan Pakistan Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Northwest A& F University Yangling China College of Natural Resources & Environment Northwest A&F University Yangling China Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam Pakistan Department of Plant Production and Technologies Faculty of Agricultural Science and Technology Omer Halisdemir University Nigde Turkey

In order to study the effect of salts stress on the growth and yield of wheat (cv. Inqalab), a pot experiment was conducted in the wire-house of the Department of Soil Science, Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam. The soil was artificially salinized to a range of salinity levels i.e . EC 2.16, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 and 10.0 dS·m-1 with different salts (MgCl2 + CaCl2 + Na2SO4). The salinized soil used for the experiment was sandy clay in texture, alkaline in reaction (pH > 7.0) and moderate in organic matter (0.95%) content. The results showed that with increasing salinity there was an increase in the ECe, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Cl- and decrease in the K+, SAR and ESP values of the soil Increasing salinity, progressively decreased plant height, spike length, number of spikelets spike-1 1000 grain weight and yield (straw and grain). Adverse effects of salts on plants were associated with the accumulation of less K+ and more Na+ and Cl- in their flag leaf sap, grains and straw. This resulted in lower K+:5Na+ ratio in flag leaf sap, grains and straw of wheat plants. These results indicated that the effects of salts stress were greater at 10 than at 8, 6 and 4 EC dS·m-1.

关键词： Salinity Tolerance Effect Yield Wheat

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沼液替代化肥对甜瓜产量品质及养分吸收的影响

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北方园艺 2019年第14期 25-31页

作者：高旭孔祥俊郭雨浓李佳聪 sajjad raza 陈竹君西北农林科技大学资源环境学院陕西杨凌712100 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室陕西杨凌712100

以"绿宝石"薄皮甜瓜为试材,采用田间小区随机区组试验,设置5个处理(CK:不施肥,CF:常规施肥,FR:化肥减量,BS:沼液替代,BR:沼液减量),研究了集约化养猪场粪肥和废水发酵后的沼液通过水肥一体化管道施用替代化肥对日光温室栽培甜瓜产量、... 详细信息

以"绿宝石"薄皮甜瓜为试材,采用田间小区随机区组试验,设置5个处理(CK:不施肥,CF:常规施肥,FR:化肥减量,BS:沼液替代,BR:沼液减量),研究了集约化养猪场粪肥和废水发酵后的沼液通过水肥一体化管道施用替代化肥对日光温室栽培甜瓜产量、品质及养分吸收的影响。结果表明:1)不同处理间甜瓜根、茎、叶、果实的干物质量和养分含量及养分携出量均无显著差异,甜瓜温室栽培下每形成1 000 kg经济产量对N、P2O5、K2O吸收量分别为4.16~4.68、1.04~1.36、7.07~7.85 kg,N、P2O5、K2O需求比例平均为1∶0.30∶1.72。2)不同处理间甜瓜单果质量和产量均无显著差异;BS、BR处理甜瓜可溶性总糖含量、可溶性固形物含量、糖酸比较CF处理显著提高。3)BS、BR和FR处理节本增收效果显著,较CF处理分别增效26.77%、8.49%和3.37%;BR和FR处理N、P、K养分利用率较CF处理分别提高12.47%、9.84%、15.26%和11.10%、9.62%、41.47%。综上,沼液水肥一体化可以完全替代化肥追施,实现沼液资源化利用。

关键词：沼液替代甜瓜产量品质养分吸收

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