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Optimality of Solution with Numerical Investigation for Coronavirus Epidemic Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 1713-1728页

作者： Naveed Shahid Dumitru Baleanu Nauman Ahmed Tahira Sumbal Shaikh Ali raza Muhammad sajid Iqbal Muhammad Rafiq Muhammad Aziz-ur Rehman Department of Mathematics and Statistics The University of LahoreLahorePakistan Department of Mathematics University of Management and TechnologyLahorePakistan Department of Mathematics Cankaya UniversityBalgatAnkara06530Turkey Department of Medical Research China Medical University HospitalChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwanChina Institute of Space Sciences Magurele-BucharestRomania Department of Mathematics Lahore College for Women UniversityLahorePakistan Department of Mathematics National College of Business Administration and Economics LahorePakistan Department of Mathematics Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Central PunjabLahorePakistan

The novel coronavirus disease,coined as COVID-19,is a murderous and infectious disease initiated from Wuhan,*** killer disease has taken a large number of lives around the world and its dynamics could not be controlled so *** this article,the spatio-temporal compartmental epidemic model of the novel disease with advection and diffusion process is projected and *** counteract these types of diseases or restrict their spread,mankind depends upon mathematical modeling and medicine to reduce,alleviate,and anticipate the behavior of disease *** existence and uniqueness of the solution for the proposed system are ***,the solution to the considered system is made possible in a well-known functions *** this purpose,a Banach space of function is chosen and the solutions are optimized in the closed and convex subset of the *** essential explicit estimates for the solutions are investigated for the associated auxiliary *** numerical solution and its analysis are the crux of this ***,the consistency,stability,and positivity are the indispensable and core properties of the compartmental models that a numerical design must *** this end,a nonstandard finite difference numerical scheme is developed to find the numerical solutions which preserve the structural properties of the continuous *** M-matrix theory is applied to prove the positivity of the *** results for the consistency and stability of the design are also presented in this *** plausibility of the projected scheme is indicated by an appropriate *** simulations are also exhibited to conclude the results.

关键词： Spatio-temporal advection diffusion explicit estimates auxiliary data M-matrix

Numerical Analysis of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCov) Pandemic Model with Advection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第6期67卷 2933-2953页

作者： Shumaila Azam Nauman Ahmed Ali raza Muhammad sajid Iqbal Muhammad Rafiq Ilyas Khan Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar Muhammad Ozair Ahmad Zafar Iqbal Department of Mathematics and Statistics The University of LahoreLahorePakistan Department of Mathematics National College of Business Administration and Economics LahorePakistan Faculty of Engineering University of Central Punjab Lahore Pakistan Faculty of Mathematics and Statistics Ton Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh City72915Vietnam Department of Mathematics College of Arts and Science at Wadi AldawaserPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University11991AlkharjKingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics University of Management and TechnologyLahorePakistan

Recently,the world is facing the terror of the novel corona-virus,termed as *** health institutes and researchers are continuously striving to control this *** this article,the SEIAR(susceptible,exposed,infected,symptomatically infected,asymptomatically infected and recovered)infection model of COVID-19 with a constant rate of advection is studied for the disease propagation.A simple model of the disease is extended to an advection model by accommodating the advection process and some appropriate parameters in the *** continuous model is transposed into a discrete numerical model by discretizing the domains,*** analyze the disease dynamics,a structure preserving non-standard finite difference scheme is *** steady states of the continuous system are described i.e.,virus free steady state and virus existing steady *** results show that both the steady states of the numerical design coincide with the fixed points of the continuous SEIAR *** of the state variables is ensured by applying the M-matrix theory.A result for the positivity property is *** the proposed numerical design,two different types of the stability are *** stability and linear stability for the projected scheme is examined by applying some standard *** Neuman stability test is applied to ensure linear *** reproductive number is described and its pivotal role in stability analysis is also *** and convergence of the numerical model is also *** graphs are presented via computer simulations to prove the worth and efficiency of the quarantine factor is explored graphically,which is helpful in controlling the disease *** the end,the conclusion of the study is also rendered.

关键词： 2019-nCov infectious model with advection reproductive number stability analysis numerical graphs

Numerical Analysis for the Effect of Irresponsible Immigrants on HIV/AIDS Dynamics

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第5期36卷 1479-1496页

作者： Muhammad Tariq Ali Dumitru Baleanu Muhammad Rafiq Jan Awrejcewicz Nauman Ahmed Ali raza Muhammad sajid Iqbal Muhammad Ozair Ahmad Department of Mathematics Barani Institute of SciencesBurewalaPakistan Department of Mathematics Cankaya UniversityBalgatAnkara06530Turkey Department of Medical Research China Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan Institute of Space Sciences Magurele-Bucharest077125Romania Department of Mathematics Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Central PunjabLahore54000Pakistan Department of Automation Biomechanics and MechatronicsLodz University of Technology1/15 Stefanowskiego St.90-924 LodzPoland Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of LahoreLahore54590Pakistan Department of Mathematics Govt.Maulana Zafar Ali Khan Graduate College WazirabadPunjab Higher Education Department(PHED)Lahore54000Pakistan H&BS MCSNational University of Science and Technology(NUST)H-12IslamabadHumayun RoadRawalpindi46000Pakistan

The human immunodeﬁciency viruses are two species of Lentivirus that infect *** time,they cause acquired immunodeﬁciency syndrome,a condition in which progressive immune system failure allows life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers to *** immunodeﬁciency virus infection came from a type of chimpanzee in Central *** show that immunodeﬁciency viruses may have jumped from chimpanzees to humans as far back as the late *** decades,human immunodeﬁciency viruses slowly spread across Africa and later into other parts of the *** Susceptible-Infected-Recovered(SIR)models are signiﬁcant in studying disease *** this paper,we have studied the effect of irresponsible immigrants on HIV/AIDS dynamics by formulating and considering different ***,Runge Kutta,and a Non-standardﬁnite difference(NSFD)method are developed for the same *** experiments are performed at disease-free and endemic equilibria points at different time step sizes‘ℎ’.The results reveal that,unlike Euler and Runge Kutta,which fail for large time step sizes,the proposed Non-standardﬁnite difference(NSFD)method gives a convergence solution for any time step *** proposed numerical method is bounded,dynamically con-sistent,and preserves the positivity of the continuous solution,which are essential requirements when modeling a prevalent disease.

关键词： SIR model existence analysis numerical methods stability analysis

Semiconductor Electrochemistry for Clean Energy Conversion and Storage

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Electrochemical Energy Reviews 2021年第4期4卷 757-792页

作者： Bin Zhu Liangdong Fan Naveed Mushtaq Rizwan raza Muhammad sajid Yan Wu Wenfeng Lin Jung‑Sik Kim Peter D.Lund Sining Yun Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Solar Energy Science and Technology/Energy Storage Joint Research Center School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096JiangsuChina Shenzhen Key Laboratory of New Lithium‑Ion Batteries and Mesoporous Materials College of Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060GuangdongChina Clean Energy Research Lab(CERL) Department of PhysicsCOMSATS University IslamabadLahore CampusLahore 54000Pakistan Engineering Research Center of Nano‑Geo Materials of Ministry of Education Faculty of Materials Science and ChemistryChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074HubeiChina Department of Chemical Engineering School of AeronauticalAutomotiveChemical and Materials EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughborough LE113TUUK Department of Aeronautical&Automotive Engineering School of AeronauticalAutomotiveChemical and Materials EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughborough LE113TUUK Department of Engineering Physics/Advanced Energy Systems School of ScienceAalto University00076 AaltoEspooFinland Functional Materials Laboratory(FML) School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055ShaanxiChina

Semiconductors and the associated methodologies applied to electrochemistry have recently grown as an emerging field in energy materials and *** example,semiconductor membranes and heterostructure fuel cells are new technological trend,which differ from the traditional fuel cell electrochemistry principle employing three basic functional components:anode,electrolyte,and *** electrolyte is key to the device performance by providing an ionic charge flow pathway between the anode and cathode while preventing electron *** contrast,semiconductors and derived heterostructures with electron(hole)conducting materials have demonstrated to be much better ionic conductors than the conventional ionic *** energy band structure and alignment,band bending and built-in electric field are all important elements in this context to realize the necessary fuel cell *** review further extends to semiconductor-based electrochemical energy conversion and storage,describing their fundamentals and working principles,with the intention of advancing the understanding of the roles of semiconductors and energy bands in electrochemical devices for energy conversion and storage,as well as applications to meet emerging demands widely involved in energy applications,such as photocatalysis/water splitting devices,batteries and solar *** review provides new ideas and new solutions to problems beyond the conventional electrochemistry and presents new interdisciplinary approaches to develop clean energy conversion and storage technologies.

关键词： Semiconductor electrochemistry Fuel cells Lithium-ion batteries Solar cells Built-in electric field Energy system integration

Dramatic changes in anatomical traits of a C4 grass Chrysopogon serrulatus Trin.(Poaceae)over a 1000 m elevational gradient

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第5期20卷 1316-1335页

作者： FATIMA Sana HAMEED Mansoor AHMAD Farooq AHMAD Muhammad sajid Aqeel ANWAR Majid MUNIR Mahwish ASHRAF Muhammad SHAH Syed Mohsan raza BASHARAT Sana AHMAD Iftikhar KHALIL Sangam Department of Botany Government Sadiq College Women UniversityBahawalpur 53100Pakistan Department of Botany University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Department of Pharmacy Riphah International University Lahore 53770Pakistan Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering The University of LahoreLahore 53770Pakistan Department of Botany Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahore 53770Pakistan Department of Forestry Range&Wildlife ManagementThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur 53100Pakistan

Chrysopogon serrulatus(false beard-grass)is a dominant component of vegetation in the foothills of the *** study whole plant morphology,individuals of *** were collected from three plots at each of six locations spanning from 400 to 1,400 *** population colonizing the highest elevation modifications in different plant *** showed increased metaxylem number and *** the stem,especially outside of the vascular tissue,there was intensive sclerification indicative of increased xeromorphy as a survival *** the highest elevation,leaves were wider;aerenchyma formation and increased sclerification were noted in the leaf sheath;and a greater proportion of storage parenchyma was observed in the leaf blade,all indicators of *** contrast,leaves at lower elevations had xeric morphological features such as increased epidermal thickness,sclerification and more developed metaxylem *** conclusion,shifting of morphological features in below-and above-ground plant parts of *** were linked to shifts in environmental factors along this elevation gradient,thus enabling the successful distribution of this species along this elevation gradient.

关键词： Adaptive component Storage parenchyma Sclerification Metaxylem Aerenchyma

A human monoclonal antibody neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants bytargeting the upstream region of spike protein HR2 motif

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hLife 2024年第3期2卷 126-140页

作者： Hang Su Jun Zhang Zhenfei Yi sajid Khan Mian Peng Liang Ye Alan Bao Han Zhang Guangli Suo Qian Li Housheng Zheng Dandan Wu Thomas J.Kipps Lanfeng Wang Zhenghong Lin Suping Zhang Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability andHuman Disease PreventionDepartment of PharmacologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesBase for International Science and TechnologyCooperation:Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D CenterInternational Cancer CenterShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhenUniversityGuangdongChina School of Life Sciences Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina The Center for Microbes Development and HealthCAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology&ImmunologyShanghai Institute of Immunityand InfectionChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Critical Care Medicine Shenzhen Luohu People’s HospitalGuangdongChina University of California BerkeleyCaliforniaUSA Xenta Biomedical Science Co. LtdGuangdongChina CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesJiangsuChina Center of Novel Therapeutics University of CaliforniaSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA

The continuous emergence of new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)variants meansthere is a need to explore additional strategies to develop broad-spectrum vaccines or therapeutics for individuals remaining at risk of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Neutralizing monoclonal antibody(mAb)that binds to theconserved S2 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike(S)protein alone,or in combination with mAb that binds to the receptor-binding domain(RBD)of S protein,might be effective in eliciting protection from infection by a variety of SARS-CoV2 *** high-throughput single-cell immunoglobulin sequencing of B cells from COVID-19-convalescent donors,we identified a high-affinity S2-specific mAb-39,that could inhibit original SARS-CoV-2 strain,Omicron BA.1,BA.2.86,BA.4,BA.5,and EG.5.1 S protein-mediated membrane fusion,leading to the neutralization of these ***,mAb-39 could also improve the neutralizing activity of anti-RBD antibody against the highlyneutralization-resistant Omicron *** docking and point mutation analyses revealed that mAb-39 recognized epitopes within the conserved upstream region of the heptad repeat 2(HR2)motif of the S2 ***,these findings demonstrate that targeting the conserved upstream region of the HR2 motif(e.g.,using mAbs)provides anovel strategy for preventing the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.

关键词： coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)Omicron variants monoclonal antibody upstream region of heptad repeat 2(HR2) immunoglobulin repertoiresequencing

One-dimensional quantum walks with a position-dependent coin

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2020年第6期72卷 18-28页

作者： Rashid Ahmad Uzma Sajjad Muhammad sajid Department of Physics Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohat 26000Khyber-PakhtunkhwaPakistan

We investigate the evolution of a discrete-time one-dimensional quantum walk driven by a position-dependent *** rotation angle,which depends upon the position of a quantum particle,parameterizes the coin *** different values of the rotation angle,we observe that such a coin leads to a variety of probability distributions,***,periodic,classicallike,semi-classical-like,and ***,we study the Shannon entropy associated with position and the coin space of a quantum particle,and compare them with the case of the position-independent *** results show that the entropy is smaller for most values of the rotation angle as compared to the case of the position-independent *** also study the effect of entanglement on the behavior of probability distribution and Shannon entropy by considering a quantum walk with two identical position-dependent entangled *** observe that in general,a wave function becomes more localized as compared to the case of the positionindependent coin and hence the corresponding Shannon entropy is *** results show that a position-dependent coin can be used as a controlling tool of quantum walks.

关键词： quantum walk position-dependent coin Shannon entropy

青藏高原及其周边成冰纪-埃迪卡拉纪综合地层、生物群与古地理演化

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第4期54卷 936-967页

作者：孙郎 Malik Muhammad Saud sajid KHAN 杨传孙智新潘兵 Shehryar AHMED 苗兰云孙玮辰胡春林孙晓娟罗翠陈波殷宗军赵方臣李国祥朱茂炎中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室南京210008 中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院北京100049

青藏高原及其周边的块体,包括印度板块、拉萨地块、羌塘地块、塔里木板块、欧龙布鲁克地块、中祁连地块、阿拉善地块、华北板块、扬子板块、中伊朗地块和阿曼等,以及各块体之间造山带的复杂演化历史是地球科学研究的前沿和热点.成冰系... 详细信息

青藏高原及其周边的块体,包括印度板块、拉萨地块、羌塘地块、塔里木板块、欧龙布鲁克地块、中祁连地块、阿拉善地块、华北板块、扬子板块、中伊朗地块和阿曼等,以及各块体之间造山带的复杂演化历史是地球科学研究的前沿和热点.成冰系和埃迪卡拉系广泛分布于该地区的各个构造单元,其中阿曼、印度板块、扬子板块以及塔里木板块发育有相对完整的成冰系和埃迪卡拉系;而在中伊朗地块、南羌塘地块、中祁连地块、阿拉善地块及华北板块,目前已知仅有埃迪卡拉系发育.基于前人对青藏高原及其周边地区成冰系和埃迪卡拉系的研究,结合第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目开展以来获得的新资料和研究进展,本文建立了该地区成冰系和埃迪卡拉系代表性地层序列对比表.在此基础上,本文梳理了该地区这一时期生物群和重大地质事件的研究现状和存在的问题.结果表明,该地区各板块埃迪卡拉纪化石的保存和组合面貌各具特色,但普遍发现有典型埃迪卡拉纪末期化石分子Cloudina和Shaanxilithes;除成冰纪两次全球性冰期事件外,在青藏高原北缘各块体(华北板块、阿拉善地块、北祁连构造带、中祁连地块、欧龙布鲁克地块、塔里木板块)以及伊朗中南部普遍记录了一次埃迪卡拉纪晚期的冰川事件,但该事件的时限、分布范围和成因有待进一步揭示;同时,埃迪卡拉纪中期DOUNCE/Shruam碳同位素负异常事件在青藏高原周边地区也具有广泛记录.综合现有研究资料发现,在成冰纪-埃迪卡拉纪期间,青藏高原及其周边地区大多数块体从罗迪尼亚超大陆裂解出来后,可能通过泛非运动构成东冈瓦纳大陆的一部分,而部分板块(如华北板块)位于冈瓦纳大陆和劳伦大陆之间.总体而言,该地区的主要块体在成冰纪-埃迪卡拉纪期间具体的古地理演化模型存在较多争议,亟需开展进一步的研究工作.

关键词：青藏高原成冰系埃迪卡拉系地层古地理生物群冈瓦纳大陆

SARS-CoV-2: Has artificial intelligence stood the test of time

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第15期135卷 1792-1802页

作者： Mir Ibrahim sajid Shaheer Ahmed Usama Waqar Javeria Tariq Mohsin Chundrigarh Samira Shabbir Balouch sajid Abaidullah Medical College Aga Khan UniversityStadium RoadKarachiPakistan Medlcal Cllege Islamabad Medical and Dental CollegeMain Murree RoadIslamabadPakistan Oral and Maxilofacial Surgery King Edward Medical UniversityNeela GumbadLahorePakistan King Edward Medical University Neela GumbadLahorePakistan North Medical Ward Mayo HospitaNeela GumbadLahorePakistan

Artificial intelligence (AI) has proven time and time again to be a game-changer innovation in every walk of life, including medicine. Introduced by Dr. Gunn in 1976 to accurately diagnose acute abdominal pain and list potential differentials, AI has since come a long way. In particular, AI has been aiding in radiological diagnoses with good sensitivity and specificity by using machine learning algorithms. With the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, AI has proven to be more than just a tool to facilitate healthcare workers in decision making and limiting physician-patient contact during the pandemic. It has guided governments and key policymakers in formulating and implementing laws, such as lockdowns and travel restrictions, to curb the spread of this viral disease. This has been made possible by the use of social media to map severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 hotspots, laying the basis of the "smart lockdown" strategy that has been adopted globally. However, these benefits might be accompanied with concerns regarding privacy and unconsented surveillance, necessitating authorities to develop sincere and ethical government–public relations.

关键词： Artificial intelligence COVID-19 Machine learning