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Optoelectronic and thermoelectric properties of spinel chalcogenides HgLa2X4（X=S and Se）:A first-principles study

Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1927-1936页

作者： Aparna Dixit Inas A.Ahmed Jisha Annie Abraham Zeinhom M.El-Bahy Mumtaz Manzoor sajad ahmad dar Ramesh Sharma Department of Basic Science and Humanities Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid University Department of Physics National Defence Academy Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar University Institute of Physics Slovak Academy of Sciences Department of Physics Motilal Vigyan Mahavidyalya College Department of Applied Science Feroze Gandhi Institute of Engineering and Technology

We investigated spinel chalcogenides HgLa2（S/Se）4by using density function theory,and scrutinized the structural,optical,electrical,mechanical and thermoelectric transport characteristics of HgLa2（S/Se）4spinel *** enthalpy of formation,energy of cohesion,and energy volume optimum plots were used to obtain the stability as well as the perfect ground state of these *** ductility of these materials was the best illustrated with the help of Poisson's and Pugh's *** band gap results were obtained using Trans and Blaha modified Becke-Johanson potential（TB-mBJ）.Both the materials present semi-conducting nature with direct band gap equal to 1.449 and 0.892 eV respectively for HgLa2S4and *** were also made for optical characteristics with the values of dielectric function,absorption coefficient,optical conductivity,reflectivity,and refractive *** to the findings,both of these materials are suitable for infrared optoelectronic *** materials were found to have promising optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications after their optical properties and transport aspects were *** tiny levels of temperature conductivities,substantial am ounts of power conductivities,the figure of merit（more than unity）,as well as Seebecs coefficients all point to the potential use of both the materials in thermoelectric power generators.

关键词： Density functional theory Direct band gap Optoelectronic Power factor Semiconductors Thermoelectric

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New therapy for metabolic syndrome:Gut microbiome supplementation

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第9期15卷 1833-1836页

作者： Waseem Qureshi Maqsood ahmad dar Mohd Younis Rather Hospital Administration Government Medical CollegeUniversity of KashmirJammu and KashmirSrinagar 190010India Department of Medicine Government Medical CollegeUniversity of KashmirJammu and KashmirSrinagar 190010India Multidisciplinary Research Unit Government Medical CollegeUniversity of KashmirJammu and KashmirSrinagar 190010India

The gut microbiota is important in the development and progression of metabolic illnesses such type 2 diabetes,cardiovascular disease(CVD),and *** diverse community of microorganisms controls a variety of physiological functions,including metabolism,inflammation,and immune *** these interactions has resulted in novel therapeutic options,including microbiome *** gut microbiome is extremely susceptible to dietary changes,which can alter its makeup and function,influencing metabolite synthesis that affects host *** metabolites,such as butyrate and propionate,have been proven to protect against metabolic illnesses,whereas trimethylamine has been linked to ***,probiotics,synbiotics,and postbiotics are being investigated by researchers as ways to change the gut microbiome and boost metabolic *** advances in therapy and lifestyle adjustments,the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing,emphasizing the need for new medicines.

关键词： Probiotics Prebiotics Synbiotics Postbiotics Microbiome Type 2 diabetes mellitus Cardiovascular disease Obesity

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Patterns and drivers of tree carbon stocks in Kashmir Himalayan forests:implications for climate change mitigation

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 812-824页

作者： Ashaq ahmad dar Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences School of Life SciencesPondicherry UniversityPuducherry 605014India

Background:Temperate forests are major carbon sinks because of their high storage potential and low decomposi-tion *** quantified tree carbon(TC)storage from 143 plots distributed across three major forest types of Kashmir Himalaya,relative to differences in ecological *** regression and Random Forest(RF)analysis were used to examine the distribution of TC stock along ecological gradients and recognize the role of driving factors on TC ***:Among the three forest types,sub-alpine(SA)forest was the primary TC sink,accounting for 228.73 t ha^(−1)of carbon,followed by mixed conifer(MC;181.29 t C ha^(−1))and blue pine(BP;133.04 t C ha^(−1))*** distribution of TC stocks among the three forest types differed significantly(χ^(2)=18.87;P=0.000).Relative carbon stock analysis demonstrated that Abies pindrow and Pinus wallichiana accounted 91%of TC stocks across the *** area,mean diameter at breast height(DBH),elevation,disturbance and precipitation had significant effects on TC stocks in bivariate regression *** RF model explained 86%of the variation;basal area interpreted 30.15%,followed by mean DBH(17.96%),disturbance complex(10.64%),precipitation(8.00%)and elevation(7.34%).Conclusions:Kashmir Himalayan forests are significant carbon sinks as they store a substantial quantum of carbon in *** carbon,an essential climatic indicator,is determined by a complex interaction of other ecological vari-ables,particularly stand structural *** study provides insights into the role of these natural forests in climate change mitigation and in REDD+/national commitments to offset the carbon.

关键词： Carbon stock Climate change Coniferous forest Disturbance Kashmir Himalaya Stand structure

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Uncertainty Analysis of Wind-Wave Predictions in Lake Michigan

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China Ocean Engineering 2016年第5期30卷 811-820页

作者： Navid NEKOUEE Behzad ATAIE-ASHTIANI sajad ahmad HAMIDI Water Resource Consultant Tetra TechAtlanta 30339USA Department of Civil Engineering Sharif University of TechnologyTehran 145888-9694Iran Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Wisconsin MilwaukeeMilwaukee 53201-0413USA

With all the improvement in wave and hydrodynamics numerical models, the question rises in our mind that how the accuracy of the forcing functions and their input can affect the results. In this paper, a commonly used numerical third-generation wave model, SWAN is applied to predict waves in Lake Michigan. Wind data are analyzed to determine wind variation frequency over Lake Michigan. Wave predictions uncertainty due to wind local effects are compared during a period where wind has a fairly constant speed and direction over the northern and southern basins. The study shows that despite model calibration in Lake Michigan area, the model deficiency arises from ignoring wind effects in small scales. Wave prediction also emphasizes that small scale turbulence in meteorological forces can increase prediction errors by 38%. Wave frequency and coherence analysis show that both models can predict the wave variation time scale with the same accuracy. Insufficient number of meteorological stations can result in neglecting local wind effects and discrepancies in current predictions. The uncertainty of wave numerical models due to input uncertainties and model principals should be taken into account for design risk factors.

关键词： wave lake Michigan wind forcing uncertainty wave prediction

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Generalized Derivations in Rings with Involution

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Algebra Colloquium 2017年第3期24卷 393-399页

作者： Nadeem ahmad dar Abdul Nadim Khan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Islamic University of Science and Technology J & K India Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science & Arts in Rabigh King Abdulaziz University Saudi Arabia

The main purpose of this paper is to study generalized derivations in rings with involution which behave like strong commutativity preserving mappings. In fact, we prove the following result： Let R be a noncommutative prime ring with involution of the second kind such that char（R） ≠ 2. If R admits a generalized derivation F ： R → R associated with a derivation d ： R → R such that [F（x）,F（x＊）] - [x,x＊] = 0 for all x ∈ R, then F（x）= x for all x ∈ R or F（x） = -x for all x ∈ R. Moreover, a related result is also obtained.

关键词： prime ring generalized derivation involution

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Morphotectonic and Lithostratigraphic Analysis of Intermontane Karewa Basin of Kashmir Himalayas,India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2013年第1期10卷 1-15页

作者： Reyaz ahmad dar Rakesh CHANDRA Shakil ahmad ROMSHOO Department of Earth Sciences The University of Kashmir

Morpho-tectonic study plays an important role in deciphering the effects of tectonic activity in the geomorphic evolution of the drainage *** watershed forms one of the major watersheds of the intermontane Karewa Basin of Kashmir *** Karewa sediments are characterized by glacio-fluvio-lacustrine deposits capped by the aeolian *** geomorphic,morphometric and lithostratigraphic studies of these cap deposits have been carried out to elucidate the effect of tectonics on the geomorphic evolution of Romushi *** mapping was carried out using GPS measurements,DEM at 30m resolution,Topographic Position Index(TPI) model,topographic maps,LANDSAT TM Imagery and field *** and morphotectonic analyses in GIS environment were used to calculate various geomorphic indices(Mountain Front Sinuosity Index,Bifurcation Ratio,Asymmetry Factor,River Profile,etc).These indices reveal that the tectonic uplift observed in the region due to Himalayan orogeny coupled with mass movement and aeolian deposition have dominated the landscape evolution of intermontane Karewa Basin of Kashmir throughout the Late Quaternary *** data from lithostratigraphic measurements were analyzed to understand the geomorphic evolution of intermontane Karewa *** data revealed that the basin has experienced differential uplift and erosion rates from time to time in the geological *** was corroborated by the results from the morphometric and morphotectonic analysis.

关键词： Himalayas Morphometry Watershed Morphotectonics Intermontane basin Remote Sensing Drainage basin Digital elevation model

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Comparative field performance of some agricultural crops under a canopy of Populus deltoides and Ulmus wallichiana

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第4期24卷 783-790页

作者： Tariq Hussian Masoodi Nasir ahmad Masoodi sajad ahmad Gangoo Shah Murtaza Mushtaq Hillal ahmad Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir

The performance of maize, beans and sunflower was evalu- ated under a canopy ofPopulus deltoides and Ulmus wallichiana at Fac- ulty of Agriculture, Wadura. The germination, growth and yield of the three test crops were suppressed under both tree species. The reduction, however, decreased when the cultivation of test crops was continued for three years. The inhibition potential generally is in the order of P del- toides 〈 U. wallichiana for maize and sunflower and P. deltoides 〉 U. wallichiana for beans. Available soil N, P and K increased under the canopy of the selected tree species. The soils under U. wallichiana were more fertile than those under P deltoides. Chromatographic investigation of extracts showed that the soils under P deltoides and U. wallichiana differed in their composition of phenolic acids and phenolic glycocides. Except for caffic acid, all other allelochemicals disappeared and were no longer recovered in soil samples obtained after the second or third year of cultivation. Tree-crop compatibility can be explored in greater detail for improved management of traditional agro-ecosystems in Kashmir to increase the overall productivity of the land.

关键词： allelopathy agroforestry phenolic acids glycocides growthperformance yield

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A hybrid constriction coefficientbased particle swarm optimization and gravitational search algorithm for training multi-layer perceptron

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2020年第2期13卷 129-165页

作者： sajad ahmad Rather P.Shanthi Bala Department of Computer Science School of Engineering and TechnologyPondicherry UniversityPuducherryIndia

Purpose-In this paper,a newly proposed hybridization algorithm namely constriction coefficient-based particle swarm optimization and gravitational search algorithm(CPSOGSA)has been employed for training MLP to overcome sensitivity to initialization,premature convergence,and stagnation in local optima problems of ***/methodology/approach-In this study,the exploration of the search space is carried out by gravitational search algorithm(GSA)and optimization of candidate solutions,*** is performed by particle swarm optimization(PSO).For training the multi-layer perceptron(MLP),CPSOGSA uses sigmoid fitness function for finding the proper combination of connection weights and neural biases to minimize the ***,a matrix encoding strategy is utilized for providing one to one correspondence between weights and biases of MLP and agents of ***-The experimental findings convey that CPSOGSA is a better MLP trainer as compared to other stochastic algorithms because it provides superior results in terms of resolving stagnation in local optima and convergence speed ***,it gives the best results for breast cancer,heart,sine function and sigmoid function datasets as compared to other participating ***,CPSOGSA also provides very competitive results for other ***/value-The CPSOGSA performed effectively in overcoming stagnation in local optima problem and increasing the overall convergence speed of ***,CPSOGSA is a hybrid optimization algorithm which has powerful characteristics of global exploration capability and high local exploitation *** the research literature,a little work is available where CPSO and GSA have been utilized for training *** only related research paper was given by Mirjalili et al.,in *** have used standard PSO and GSA for training simple ***,the work employed only three datasets and used the MSE performance metric for evaluating the efficiency

关键词： Neural network Feedforward neural network(FNN) Gravitational search algorithm(GSA) Particle swarm optimization(PSO) Hybridization CPSOGSA Multi-layer perceptron(MLP)

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Unexpected Effect of Nb Addition as a Microalloying Element on Mechanical Properties of δ-TRIP Steels

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2016年第9期23卷 988-996页

作者： sajad Gholami SHIRI Seyed ahmad Jenabali JAHROMI Yahya PALIZdar Majid BELBASI Department of Materials Science & Engineering School of Engineering Shiraz University Shiraz 115019 Iran Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department Materials and Energy Research Center Karaj 128747 Iran Department of Materials Engineering Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch Tehran 009821 Iran

The concept of microalloying was applied to the δ-TRIP （transformation-induced plasticity） steel to inves- tigate the feasibility of increasing the mechanical properties and understanding the effect of microalloying on the morphology and structure of the steel. A hot rolled δ-TRIP steel with three different contents of Nb （0, 0.03, 0.07 mass%） was subjected to the microstructural and mechanical examination. The high Al and Si concentration in these steels guaranteed the presence of the considerable δ-ferrite phase in the microstructure after the casting and the subsequent hot rolling. The obtained results showed that Nb dramatically affects the microstructure the dynamic re- covery and recrystallization behavior, as well as the grain shape and thus the stability of austenite after the thermo- mechanical process of hot rolling. The results also revealed an unexpected effect of Nb on the mechanical properties. The addition of Nb to the δ-TRIP steel led to a significant decrease in the ultimate strength （from 1144 to 917 MPa） and an increase in ductility （from 24% to 28%）. These unconventional results could be explained by the change in the steel microstructure. The work-hardening＇behaviors of all samples exhibit three stages of the work-hardening rate evolution. At the stage 2, the work-hardening rate of the studied steels increased, being attributed to the TRIP effect and the transformation of austenite to martensite.

关键词： δ-TRIP steel Nb microalloying high Al steel mechanical property work-hardening

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Variable stars in M37

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2018年第12期18卷 111-122页

作者： Ajaz ahmad dar Padmakar Singh Parihar Parvej Saleh Manzoor ahmad Malik Department of Physics University of KashmirHazratbal 190006Srinagar-J&KIndia Department of Physics Islamia College of Science and CommerceHawalSrinagar-19002J&KIndia Indian Institute of Astrophysics Koramagala-560034BangaloreIndia Applied Sciences Department GowhatiUniversity of AssamIndia

The CCD photometric observations of open star cluster M37(NGC 2099) were carried out up to a limiting magnitude of V ～ 20 in both B and V filters to search for variable stars using a 2k×4k CCD and the 1.3 m telescope at the Vainu Bapu Observatory, Kavalur.A total of 314 stars were in the first observing run, out of which 60 were identified as *** out of the identified 60 variables are classified as W UMa binary *** model fitting, we used PHOEBE based on the W-D code to estimate the physical parameters of these newly detected W UMa binaries that theoretically best match the observed light curves.

关键词： techniques:photometric astronomical instrumentation methods and techniques astrometry and celestial mechanics (stars:) binaries:eclipsing

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