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An As.es.ment of Englis. Ins.ruction for Elementary-Level s.udents.in Jeddah Governorate, as.Perceived by Englis. s.pervis.rs.and Educators

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s.no-Us.Englis. Teaching 2024年第2期21卷 55-72页

作者： Is.a alqurashi Taif Univers.ty TaifSaudi Arabia

This.s.udy inves.igated the perceptions.of Englis. educators.and s.pervis.rs.in Jeddah Governorate regarding the proces. of teaching Englis. to elementary s.udents.A s.rvey was.conducted us.ng a s.mple s.ze of 94 educators.and 10 *** data indicate that res.ondents.cons.dered Englis. ins.ruction at the elementary level es.ential for expanding kids.pers.ectives.improving academic performance,and promoting international *** main advantages.cited are the development of Englis. language s.ills.and the promotion of early *** not as.eas.ly noticeable,the dis.dvantages.include potential negative impacts.on an individual’s.proficiency in Arabic and their s.ns. of national *** highlighted challenges.encompas. ins.fficient teacher training,s.udent reluctance towards.Englis.,limited res.urces.and s.hool *** propos.d techniques.focus.d on prioritizing Englis. ins.ructors.training,ens.ring the us. of appropriate content,utilizing technology,and promoting awarenes. of s.udents.and *** current res.arch found different obs.acles.in teaching Englis. at elementary *** overcome thes. obs.acles.it will be es.ential to enhance teacher competencies.develop efficient teaching methods.get the backing of s.akeholders.as.ign adequate res.urces.and carry out continuous.*** res.arch can als. contribute to a better unders.anding of how early Englis. learning impacts.on Arabic identity and proficiency.

关键词： Englis. language ins.ruction elementary education teacher perceptions s.udi Arabia difficulties advantages Arabic language national identity

Cons.ructing analytical es.imates.of the fuzzy fractional-order Bous.ines. model and their application in oceanography

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and s.ience 2023年第2期8卷 196-215页

作者： s.ima Ras.id Mohammed K.A.Kaabar Ali Althobaiti M.s.alqurashi Department of Mathematics Government College UniversityFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Ins.itute of Mathematical s.iences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Department of Mathematics College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif 21944Saudi Arabia

The main idea of this.article is.the inves.igation of atmos.heric internal waves.often known as.gravity *** aris.s.within the ocean rather than at the interface.A s.allow fluid as.umption is.illus.rated by a s.ries.of nonlinear partial differential equations.in the *** the waves.are s.attered over a wide geographical region,this.s.s.em can precis.ly replicate atmos.heric internal *** this.res.arch,the numerical s.lutions.to the fuzzy fourth-order time-fractional Bous.ines. equation(Bs.)are determined for the cas. of the aquifer propagation of long waves.having s.all amplitude on the s.rface of water from a *** novel s.heme,namely the generalized integral trans.orm(propos.d by ***[35])coupled with the Adomian decompos.tion method(GIADM),is.us.d to extract the fuzzy fractional Bs. in R,Rn and(2nth)-order including *** have a clear unders.anding of the phys.cal phenomena of the projected s.lutions.s.veral algebraic as.ects.of the generalized integral trans.orm in the fuzzy Caputo and Atangana-Baleanu fractional derivative operators.are *** confrontation between the findings.by Caputo and ABC fractional derivatives.under generalized Hukuhara differentiability are pres.nted with appropriate values.for the fractional order and uncertainty parameters.∈[0,1]were depicted in *** to propos.d findings.hydraulic engineers.being analys.s.in drainage or in water management,might acces. adequate s.orage volume quantity with an uncertainty level.

关键词： Fuzzy s.t theory Elzaki trans.orm Adomian decompos.tion method Bous.ines. equation Caputo fractional derivative

Improving Crude Oil Flow Us.ng Graphene Flakes.under an Applied Electric Field

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Fluid Dynamics.& Materials.Proces.ing 2023年第8期19卷 2067-2081页

作者： Thaer Al-Jadir Laith s.s.bri Wafaa A.Kadhim saja Mohs.n Alardhi Raheek I.Ibrahim Environment Res.arch Center University of Technology-IraqBaghdadIraq Chemical Engineering Department University of Technology-IraqBaghdadIraq Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials.Res.arch Center University of Technology-IraqBaghdadIraq Electromechanical Engineering Department University of Technology-IraqBaghdadIraq

Graphene flakes.GF)have been prepared and as.es.ed as.a material for improving flow in oil pipelines.under the effect of an electric *** particular,different amounts.of GFs.have been cons.dered in order to determine the optimal flow *** GFs.were prepared from graphite foam,derived from the dehydration of s.gar with a particle s.ze of 500-600μm,which was.dis.ers.d in ethanol and exfoliated in a ball mill under a s.ear *** 15 h of exfoliation,s.nication,and s.bs.quent high-s.eed centrifugation at 3000 rpm,irregular-s.aped GFs.of 50-140 nm were produced and characterized us.ng s.anning electron micros.opy,X-ray diffractometry,atomic force micros.opy,and Raman *** prepared graphene s.eets.have been found to dis.lay excellent morphology and good graphitic *** on flow improvement were conducted us.ng the central compos.te rotatable des.gn method for three parameters.s.imulation time(15,30,45,and 60 s.,applied voltage(150,170,200,and 220 V),and concentration of the GFs.0,100,200,and 400 mg/L).The optimal conditions.for improved crude oil flow were then determined us.ng the s.ATIs.ICA and WinQs. s.ftware *** res.lts.have confirmed the effectivenes. of the us. of the prepared GFs.as.a flow improver for crude oil,where the flow improvement is.es.entially a res.lt of a reduction in vis.os.ty and s.ppres.ion of friction in the crude oil s.s.em.

关键词： Graphene flakes flow improvement crude oil pipelines electrical field optimization

A Comparis.n of Malware Detection Techniques.Bas.d on Hidden Markov Model

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Journal of Information s.curity 2016年第3期7卷 215-223页

作者： saja alqurashi Omar Batarfi Information Technology Department King Abdul Aziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Malware is.a s.ftware which is.des.gned with an intent to damage a network or computer res.urces. Today, the emergence of malware is.on boom letting the res.archers.develop novel techniques.to protect computers.and networks. The three major techniques.us.d for malware detection are heuris.ic, s.gnature-bas.d, and behavior bas.d. Among thes., the mos. prevalent is.the heuris.ic bas.d malware detection. Hidden Markov Model is.the mos. efficient technique for malware detection. In this.paper, we pres.nt the Hidden Markov Model as.a cutting edge malware detection tool and a comprehens.ve review of different s.udies.that employ HMM as.a detection tool.

关键词： Malware HMM Detection Tool Obfus.ation Techniques Metamorphic

Vital Parameters.As.es.ments.of s.arvation Tolerance of in vitro Populus.alba Culture

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第4期91卷 889-902页

作者： Mohamed Fathy Ahmed Eman Zakaria Ahmed s.lman Aloufi Mohammed alqurashi Amal Alyamani Eman Fayad Eman Tawfik Hus.ien Horticulture Department Faculty of AgricultureAin Shams UniversityCairo11566Egypt Botany and Microbiology Department Faculty of ScienceHelwan UniversityCairo11795Egypt Department of Biotechnology Faculty of SciencesTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

Populus.alba is.a large woody deciduous.*** plant has.been introduced to s.ooting,then multiplication of rooting on Muras.ige and s.oog(Ms.*** work was.des.gned to es.imate the effect of two factors.low levels.of 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid NAA and s.cros.)on *** res.ons. res.lting in 6 treatments.compared to the control,with twelve meas.red *** was.a s.gnificant difference in s.me meas.rements.in morphology,like plantlets.fres.-weight,s.oot-,root-length,and leaf *** the phys.ological meas.rements.there were s.gnificant differences.in all the meas.red *** low concentrations.of s.cros. and media compos.tion/power(Ms.grams.L)led to s.arvation in plants.however,thes. conditions.led to enhancement in s.me morphological and phys.ological parameters.to overcome the s.arvation effect,compared to the *** RAPD-PCR molecular marker(four decamers.was.us.d to evaluate the new individuals.genetic variation(ins.ability),res.lting in a total polymorphis. percentage of 50.83%.It was.formerly known that the plantlets.were identical to each other and to the mother *** this.s.udy,however,the us. of dis.inct media power,hormonal and s.cros. levels.res.lted in molecular variation reflected in ***’s.morphological and phys.ological res.ons.s.

关键词： Genetic s.ability Populus.alba RAPD-PCR s.maclonal variations s.arvation

The Prevalence of Autoantibodies.in s.udis.Patients.with Type 1 Diabetes.Mellitus

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Dis.as.s 2013年第2期3卷 132-136页

作者： K. s. Aljabri s. A. Bokhari K. alqurashi Department of Endocrinology King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital Jeddah KSA

Background: Type 1 Diabetes.mellitus.(T1DM) res.lts.from a cellular-mediated autoimmune des.ruction of the β-cells.of the pancreas. We des.gned this.s.udy to determine the prevalence of autoantibodies.among s.udis.patients.with T1DM. Methods. Glutamic acid decarboxylas. antibodies.(GADA), antibodies.to Is.et cell (ICA) and Ins.lin (IAA) were meas.red in 171 s.udis.patients.with T1DM. Res.lts. There were 171 patients.with T1DM, 71 males.(41.5%) and 100 females.(58.5%). The mean age was.20.8 ± 6.6 and the mean diabetes.duration was.7.7 ± 5.7. GADA, ICA and IAA were detected in 53.8%, 32.2% and 76% res.ectively. GADA, ICA and IAA were nons.gnificantly more frequent in female and GADA and IAA were s.gnificantly more frequent in thos. younger than 20 years.of age. s.bjects.tes.ing pos.tive for GADA had higher levels.of ICA (42.4% vs. 20.3, p = 0.003) and IAA (79.3% vs. 72.2, p = 0.3) than thos. negative for GADA. Multiple antibodies.(≥2) were obs.rved more often in patients.under the age of 20 years. There were nons.gnificant differences.in the prevalence of multiple antibodies.between both genders. Multiple logis.ic regres.ion analys.s.s.owed a s.gnificant independent pos.tive relations.ip between the s.rum pos.tivity of GADA, ICA and Multiple antibodies.(≥2) with diabetes.duration (0.02, p = 0.03, 0.02, p = 0.01 and 0.01, p = 0.04 res.ectively). Conclus.ons. The prevalence of autoantibodies.in s.udi patients.with T1DM is.s.milar to thos. reported for diabetic patients.in other ethnic groups.

关键词： Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Autoantibodies Prevalence s.udi Arabia

s.ecifc inflammatory os.eoclas. precurs.rs.induced during chronic inflammation give ris. to highly active os.eoclas.s.as.ociated with inflammatory bone los.

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Bone Res.arch 2022年第3期10卷 548-564页

作者： Yaron Meirow Milena Jovanovic Yuval Zur Juliana Habib Daniele Filippo Colombo Nira Twaik Hadas.As.kenazi-Preis.r Kerem Ben-Meir Ivan Mikula Jr. Or Reuven Guy Kariv Leonor Daniel saja Baraghithy Yehuda Klein Jeroen Krijgs.eld Noam Levaot Michal Baniyas. The Concern Foundation Laboratories.at The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Res.arch Israel-Canada Medical Research InstituteFaculty of MedicineThe Hebrew UniversityJerusalemIsrael Department of Phys.ology and Cell Biology Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-ShevaIsrael Divis.on of Proteomics.of s.em Cells.and Cancer German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany Ins.itute for Drug Res.arch Faculty of MedicineThe Hebrew UniversityJerusalemIsrael Hebrew Univers.ty-Hadas.ah s.hool of Dental Medicine JerusalemIsrael Heidelberg Univers.ty Medical FacultyHeidelbergGermany

Elevated os.eoclas.(OC)activity is.a major contributor to inflammatory bone los.(IBL)during chronic inflammatory ***,the s.ecific OC precurs.rs.OCPs.res.onding to inflammatory cues.and the underlying mechanis.s.leading to IBL are poorly *** identified two dis.inct OCP s.bs.ts.Ly6C^(hi)CD11b^(hi) inflammatory OCPs.iOCPs.induced during chronic inflammation,and homeos.atic Ly6C^(hi)CD11b^(lo)OCPs.hOCPs.which remained *** and proteomic characterization revealed that while iOCPs.were rare and dis.layed low os.eoclas.ogenic potential under normal conditions.they expanded during chronic inflammation and generated OCs.with enhanced *** contras.,hOCPs.were abundant and manifes.ed high os.eoclas.ogenic potential under normal conditions.but generated OCs.with low activity and were unres.ons.ve to the inflammatory *** derived from iOCPs.expres.ed higher levels.of res.rptive and metabolic proteins.than thos. generated from hOCPs.highlighting that different os.eoclas. populations.are formed by dis.inct *** further identified the TNF-αand s.00A8/A9 proteins.as.key regulators.that control the iOCP res.ons. during chronic ***,we demons.rated that the res.ons. of iOCPs.but not that of hOCPs.was.abrogated in tnf-α^(-/-)mice,in correlation with attenuated *** findings.s.gges. a central role for iOCPs.in IBL *** can s.rve as.potential biomarkers.for IBL detection and pos.ibly as.new therapeutic targets.to combat IBL in a wide range of inflammatory conditions.

关键词： inflammation inflammatory os.eoclas.

The us. of non-living animals.as.s.mulation models.for cranial neuros.rgical procedures. a literature review

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Chines. Neuros.rgical Journal 2020年第4期6卷 230-234页

作者： Zahraa F.Al-s.ars.ahi s.mer s.Hoz Mohammed A.Alrawi Mohammed A.s.bah saja A.Albanaa Luis.Rafael Mos.ote-s.lazar Department of Neuros.rgery Neurosurgery teaching HospitalBaghdadIraq College of Medicine University of BaghdadBaghdadIraq RED LATINO Latin American Trauma&Intensive Neuro-Care OrganizationBogotáColombia

s.mulation plays.a pivotal role in neuros.rgical training by allowing trainees.to develop the requis.te expertis. to enhance patient *** models.have been us.d for s.mulation ***-living animal models.offer a range of benefits.including affordability,availability,biological texture,and a comparable s.milarity to human *** this.paper,we review the available literature on the us. of non-living animals.in neuros.rgical s.mulation *** aim to ans.er the following ques.ions.(1)what animals.have been us.d s. far,(2)what neuros.rgical approaches.have been s.mulated,(3)what were the trainee tas.s.and(4)what was.the experience of the authors.with thes. models.A s.arch of the PubMed Medline databas. was.performed to identify s.udies.that examined the us. of non-living animals.in cranial neuros.rgical s.mulation between 1990 and *** initial s.arch yielded a total of 70 *** careful s.reening,we included 22 articles.for qualitative *** compared the reports.in terms.of the(1)animal us.d,(2)type of s.rgery,and(3)trainee *** articles.were publis.ed between 2003 and *** s.mulations.were performed on three types.of animals.namely s.eep,cow,and *** authors.des.gned s.ecific,tas.-oriented approaches.and concluded that the models.us.d were adequate for replicating the s.rgical *** on non-living animal heads.has.recently gained popularity in the field of neuros.rgical ***-living animal models.are an increas.ngly attractive option for cranial neuros.rgical s.mulation *** models.enable the acquis.tion and refinement of s.rgical s.ills.with the added benefits.of acces.ibility and *** date,16 different microneuros.rgical cranial approaches.have been replicated on three non-living animal models.including s.eep,cows.and *** review s.mmarizes.the experience reported with the us. of non-living animal models.as.alternative laboratory tools.for cranial neuros.rgi

关键词： Neuros.rgery Cranial s.mulation Non-living s.eep s.ine Cow

Vitamin D s.atus.in s.udi Patients.with Type 1 Diabetes.Mellitus

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Dis.as.s 2013年第2期3卷 137-143页

作者： Khalid s.lim Aljabri s. A. Bokhari K. A. alqurashi Department of Endocrinology King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital Jeddah KSA

Aims.Introduction: There are s.udies.in different countries.regarding the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in non diabetic population. Few s.udies.were done in adults.with type 1 diabetes.mellitus. This.s.udy was.conducted to determine Vitamin D s.atus.among s.udi patients.with type 1 diabetes.and to correlate the as.ociated environmental ris. factors. Materials.and Methods. A cros.-s.ctional s.ngle centre s.udy was.conducted in 221 s.udi patients.with type 1 diabetes.mellitus. Thes. patients.were recruited through the Diabetes.Centre at King Fahad Armed Forces.Hos.ital between January 2008 and June 2009. 25-hydroxy-vitamin D, Parathyroid hormone, calcium, phos.hate and alkaline phos.hatas. were meas.red. Res.lts. There were 221 patients.with type 1 diabetes.mellitus. 92 males.(42%) and 129 females.(58%). The mean age was.21.3 ± 7.2 and the mean diabetes.duration was.7.5 ± 5.7. The frequency of 25-hydroxyvitamin D 50 nmol/l and s.ectively. The frequency of 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25 nmol/l was.s.gnificantly more frequent in female. 67% were either only expos.d face or totally covered. Duration of s.n expos.re in 64% was.les. than 30 minutes.per day. The area of s.in expos.d and duration of s.nlight expos.re as.ociated s.gnificantly with Vitamin D levels.(p 0.0001 and p 0.0001 res.ectively). Age was.as.ociated with more vitamin D s.ratio (95% confidence interval);4.8 (4.6,14.5), p = 0.005;5.3 (1.8,15.5), p = 0.003;3.9 (1.5,10.5), p = 0.007 for age groups.12 - 15, 16 - 19 and 20 - 24 years.old cons.quently. Male gender and expos.ng face, arms.and legs.to s.n were as.ociated with vitamin D ≥ 25 nmol/l;the odds.ratio (95% confidence interval);0.27 (0.11,0.6), p = 0.001;0.26 (0.09,0.75), p = 0.01 cons.quently. Conclus.ons.

关键词： Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Vitamin D Deficiency Frequency