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Polish Exports in the EU Market and Its Competitiveness in the Face of the Crisis

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Chinese Business Review 2012年第12期11卷 1015-1025页

作者： ewa szymanik Cracow University of Economics Krakow Poland

This article presents the problem of the competitiveness of the economy in relation to foreign trade, with particular emphasis on the current crisis. The research results are presented here, relate to the exchange between Poland and the EU countries in the field of industrial goods during the time of the association and membership in this group. They show that Polish competitiveness is improving slowly, but the structure of our exports is still unfavorable, since it is dominated by products with a low degree of processing. However, recent years have seen some improvements as evidenced by the results from the period of recession. Researches were done by using the most popular indicates like revealed comparative advantage （RCA） and intra-industry trade （IIT）. Also the influence of some other factors, apart from the association, on the competitiveness of exports was discussed and the conclusions from the research were presented.

关键词： export competitiveness European Union industrial goods crisis

Hypothyroidism and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease:A coincidence or a causal relationship?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第5期15卷 641-648页

作者： Barbara Janota Elżbieta szczepańska Brygida Adamek ewa Janczewska Department of Basic Medical sciences Faculty of Public Health in BytomMedical University of Silesia in KatowiceBytom 41-902Poland Department of Human nutrition Department of DieteticsFaculty of Public Health in BytomMedical University of Silesia in KatowiceZabrze 41-808Poland

non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(nAFLD)is a global *** may be caused by metabolic and hormonal disorders,including ***,non-thyroid causes of nAFLD in people with hypothyroidism,including improper eating behavior and low physical activity,should be *** study aimed to present the current literature on whether the development of nAFLD is related to hypothyroidism or a typical consequence of an unhealthy lifestyle in people with *** results of previous studies do not allow for an unequivocal determination of the pathogenetic relationship between hypothyroidism and *** non-thyroid-initiating factors include providing too many calories in relation to requirements,consuming excessive amounts of monosaccharides and saturated fats,being overweight,and maintaining low physical activity *** recommended nutritional model for both hypothyroidism and nAFLD may be the Mediterranean diet,which is rich in fruits and vegetables,polyunsaturated fatty acids,and vitamin E.

关键词： vitamin coincidence consuming

simultaneous liver mucinous cystic and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the bile duct:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第14期20卷 4102-4105页

作者： Agnieszka Budzynska Marek Hartleb ewa nowakowska-Dulawa Robert Krol Piotr Remiszewski Michal Mazurkiewicz Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Medical University of Silesia Department of General Vascular and Transplant SurgeryMedical University of Silesia Department of General Transplant and Liver SurgeryMedical University of Warsaw Department of Pathological Anatomy Medical University of Warsaw

Cystic hepatic neoplasms are rare tumors,and are classified into two separate entities:mucinous cystic neoplasms(MCns)and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the bile duct(IPMn-B).We report the case of a 56-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain and jaundice due to the presence of a large hepatic multilocular cystic tumor associated with an intraductal *** hepatectomy with resection of extrahepatic bile ducts demonstrated an intrahepatic MCn and an intraductal *** is the first report of the simultaneous occurrence of these two histologically distinct entities in the liver.

关键词： Liver Mucinous cystic neoplasm Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the bile duct

Polish Mathe matical school 1915-1939

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哈尔滨师范大学自然科学学报 2000年第3期16卷 1-7页

作者： ewa Bednarczuk

本文展示和介绍了二十世纪上半叶 (1915— 1939年 )波兰数学领域的主要成就 .在华沙、利沃夫数学学校的创立 ,一些数学创始人在数学教育、教学上所做的努力 ,培养了一批世界级顶尖的数学大师 ;在学术研究上 ,创办了如《基础数学》杂志... 详细信息

本文展示和介绍了二十世纪上半叶 (1915— 1939年 )波兰数学领域的主要成就 .在华沙、利沃夫数学学校的创立 ,一些数学创始人在数学教育、教学上所做的努力 ,培养了一批世界级顶尖的数学大师 ;在学术研究上 ,创办了如《基础数学》杂志等数学刊物 ,国外学者到学校讲学 ,召开学术会议吸引了全世界各国的数学家进行了广泛的合作和交流 ,使波兰在集合理论、拓扑学、实值函数理论等方面取得了历史上开创性的进展 ,为世界数学的发展作出了功不可没的贡献 .本文对研究数学发展史和一些数学家特别是波兰的著名数学家的历史情况以及波兰的数学教育有参考意义 .

关键词：数学近代史数学教育教学家波兰数学学校

Reverse Engineering, some Board Games as a Key to the Development of Artificial Intelligence and Construction of Economic Models

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Economics World 2018年第2期6卷 121-132页

作者： ewa Drabik Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw Poland

Reverse engineering, also called back engineering, is the process of extracting knowledge or designing information from anything： mechanical device electronic components, computer programs, or biological, chemical matters, and--subsequently--analyzing its components. Reverse engineering can be applied for the sake of creating artificial intelligence, e.g. when the used methods are based on very old games, such as Go and chess. Many generations of computers are able to play at the same level as human grandmasters. A computers＇ arrival at that level is due to imitation of human Go or chess play. A particular emphasis shall be placed upon the Go game, known for 5,500 years. Invented in China, it may be classified as the oldest board game, having its ardent enthusiasts until present times. Old physical issues can be easily projected upon the modeling of new economic phenomena and quantum games. The aim of this paper is to discuss the applications of reverse engineering, traditional social games and other domains, such as quantum physics, to the analysis of utterly new social as well as economic phenomena.

关键词： reverse engineering category theory quantum games social games modelling of economic phenomena

Hamlet＇s Mobled Queen： The Displacement of the Figure in Contemporary Discourse, Communication, and Art

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sociology study 2017年第3期7卷 160-167页

作者： ewa Bobrowska Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw Poland

The paper will focus on communication through the figures of discourse. The problem of the entanglement of the visual and the semantic is discussed extensively by lean-Francois Lyotard, in his notable Discourse, Figure, in relation to the perception and representation of space and the role and form of the sign. According to this philosopher, the figure dominates the communication process by deconstructing the text. Both the topography of the figure and art is the result of repression processes and the subsequent discharge of libidinal energy. Art in particular is a formalism of the death drive, according to Lyotard. The figure of ＂the mobled queen＂, the expression of a possible slip of the tongue in Hamlet, becomes a symbol of the distorted relationship of the visual, the semantic, the ethical, and the critical role of this in art and communication. In addition to Lyotard＇s model, the possible figures of globalization will be discussed in relation to Peter sloterdik＇s Globes. spheres II.

关键词： Hamlet mobled queen the figure Lyotard contemporary philosophy contemporary art

Usefulness of two independent hist classifications of tumor regression iUsefulness of two independent histopathological classifications of tumor regression in patients with rectal cancer submitted to hyperfractionated pre-operative radiotherapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第4期13卷 515-524页

作者： ■ukasz Liszka ewa Zielińska-Paj■k Jacek Paj■k Dariusz Goka Jacek starzewski Zbigniew Lorenc Department of Pathology Medical University of Silesia ul. Medyków 14 Katowice 40-754 Poland Department of Pathology Victoria Hospital Whinney Heys Road Blackpool FY3 8NR United Kingdom Department of General and Colorectal surgery Medical University of Silesia Plac Medyków 1 Sosnowiec 41-200 Poland

AIM： To assess the usefulness of two independent histopathological classifications of rectal cancer regression following neo-adjuvant therapy. METHODs： Forty patients at the initial stage cT3nxM0 submitted to preoperative radiotherapy （42 Gy during 18 d） and then to radical surgical treatment. The relationship between ＂T-downstaging＂ versus regressive changes expressed by tumor regression grade （TRG 1-5） and nasierowska-Guttmejer classification （nG 1-3） was studied as well as the relationship between TRG and nG versus local tumor stage ypT and lymph nodes status, ypn. REsULTs： Complete regression （ypT0, TRG 1） was found in one patient. ＂T-downstaging＂ was observed in 11 （27.5%） patients. There was a weak statistical significance of the relationship between ＂T-downstaging＂ and TRG staging and nG stage. Patients with ypT1 were diagnosed as TRG 2-3 while those with ypT3 as TRGs. no lymph node metastases were found in patients with TRG 1-2. none of the patients without lymph node metastases were diagnosed as TRG 5. Patients in the ypT1 stage were nG 1-2. no lymph node metastases were found in nG 1. There was a significant correlation between TRG and nG. COnCLUsIOn： Histopathological classifications may be useful in the monitoring of the effects of hyperfractionated preoperative radiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer at the stage of cT3nxM0. There is no unequivocal relationship between ＂Todownstaging＂ and TRG and nG. There is some concordance in the assessment of lymph node status with ypT, TRG and nG. TRG and nG are of limited value for the risk assessment of the lymph node involvement.

关键词： Rectal cancer Adenocarcinoma neoadjuvanttherapy Preoperative radiotherapy neoplasm staging

Brain GABA and glutamate levels in workers of two ant species （Hymenoptera： Formicidae）： Interspecific differences and effects of queen presence/absence

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Insect science 2014年第5期21卷 647-658页

作者： Andrzej Wnuk Wojciech Kostowski Julita Korczynska Anna szczuka Beata symonowicz Przemyslaw Bienkowski Pawel Mierzejewski ewa Joanna Godzinska Laboratory of Ethology Department of Neurophysiology Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS Warsaw Department of Pharmacology and Physiology of the nervous system Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology Warsaw Poland

Presence of amino acid neurotransmitters gamma-aminobutyric acid （GABA） and glutamate （Glu） in ant brains was reported in very few studies. To learn more about factors influencing GABA and Glu levels in ant brains, we applied high-performance liquid chromatography to measure levels of these compounds in single brains of workers of 2 ant species, Myrmica ruginodis （subfamily Myrmicinae） and Formica polyctena （subfamily Formicinae） taken from queenright/queenless colony fragments and tested in dyadic aggression tests consisting of an encounter with a nestrnate, an alien conspecific or a small cricket. Brain glutamate levels were higher than those of GABA in both tested species. Brain GABA levels （in μmol/brain） and GABA ： Glu ratio were higher in M. ruginodis （a submissive species） than in E polyctena （a dominant, aggressive species） in spite of smaller brain weight of M. ruginodis. Brain glutamate levels （in μmol/brain） did not differ between the tested species, which implies that glutamate concentration （in μmol/mg of brain tissue） was higher in M. ruginodis. Queen absence was associated with increased worker brain GABA levels in E polyctena, but not in M. ruginodis. no significant effects of opponent type were discovered. As GABA agonists enhance friendly social behavior in rodents, we hypothesize that elevated brain GABA levels of orphaned workers of *** facilitate the adoption of a new queen. This is the first report providing information on GABA and glutamate levels in single ant brains and documenting the effects of queen presence/absence on brain levels of amino acid neurotransmitters in workers of social Hymenoptera.

关键词： Formica polyctena GABA glutamate interspecific differences Myrmica ruginodis queen

Discovery of Two new Peculiar subgenera and Two new species of Tipula Linnaeus,1758(Diptera,Tipulidae)from Baltic Amber

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Acta Geologica sinica(English Edition) 2021年第3期95卷 715-723页

作者： Wieslaw KRZEMIŃsKI Iwona KAnIA Wiktoria JORDAn-sTAsIŁO Herman DE JOnG ewa KRZEMIŃsKA Kornelia sKIBIŃsKA Institute of Biology Pedagogical University of KrakówPodbrzezieKraków 331-054Poland Department of Paleobiology and Evolutionary Biology University of RzeszówZelwerowiczaRzeszów 435–601Poland naturalis Biodiversity Center DarwinwegCR Leiden 22333Netherlands Institute of systematics and Evolution of Animals Polish Academy of SciencesSławkowskaKraków 1731-016Poland

Two new fossil subgenera and two new fossil species of the genus Tipula Linnaeus,1758,Tipula(succinica)berendti *** *** Tipula(Gedanica)adamowiczi *** sp.n.,are described from Baltic amber and compared with other species of Tipula known from the *** two new subgenera and species described herein are an excellent bridge between recent specimens and those preserved in sedimentary rocks,and thus enrich knowledge on the evolution of the family.

关键词： invertebrate paleontology taxonomy craneflies Tipulomorpha Tipula Eocene Lutetian–Priabonian