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Barley chitinase genes expression revamp resistance against whitefly (Bemisia Tabaci) in transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第1期7卷 90-100页

作者： BASHIR Samina YAQOOB Amina BASHIR Rohina BUKHARI Shanila SHAHID Naila azam saira BAKHSH Allah HUSNAIN Tayyab SHAHID Ahmad Ali RAO Abdul Qayyum Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology University of the PunjabLahore 53700Pakistan Department of Botany Kinnaird College for Women UniversityLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Botany Government College UniversityFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Institute of Botany University of the PunjabLahore 54590Pakistan.

Background Chitinase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes chitin,a major component of the exoskeleton of insects,including plant pests like *** present study aimed to investigate the expression of chemically synthesized barley ch1 and chi2 genes in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)through Agrobacterium-mediated ***-five putative transgenic cotton plants were obtained,out of which fifteen plants successfully survived and were shifted to the *** gene-specific primers,amplification of 447 bp and 401 bp fragments confirmed the presence of the ch1 and chi2 genes in five transgenic cotton plants of the T0 *** five plants were further evalu-ated for their mRNA expression *** T0 transgenic cotton plants with the highest mRNA expression level and better yield performance in field,were selected to raise their subsequent *** The T1 cotton plants showed the highest mRNA expression levels of 3.5-fold in P10(2)for the ch1 gene and 3.7-fold in P2(1)for the chi2 *** in situ hybridization(FISH)confirmed a single copy number of ch1 and chi2(hemizygous)on chromosome ***,the efficacy of transgenes on whitefly was evaluated through an insect bioassay,where after 96 h of infestation,mortality rates of whitefly were calculated to be 78%–80%in transgenic cotton *** number of eggs on transgenic cotton plants were calculated to be 0.1%–0.12 per plant compared with the non-transgenic plants where egg number was calculated to be 0.90–1.00 per *** Based on these findings,it can be concluded that the chemically synthesized barley chitinase genes(ch1 and chi2)have the potential to be effective against insects with chitin exoskeletons,including *** transgenic cotton plants expressing these genes showed increased resistance to whiteflies,resulting in reduced egg numbers and higher mortality rates.

关键词： Chitinase Cotton White fly Transgene Bioassay

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Genes and Transcriptional Factors in Chili Plant with Aspect to Metabolism and Resistance against Virus, Bacteria and Fungi： A Review

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2014年第7期4卷 509-517页

作者： Arfan Ali Muhammad Sarmad Iftikhar Muhammad Munawar Muqadas Aleem Sajed Ali saira azam Idrees Ahmad Nasir Tayyab Husnain Umair Majid Muhammad Sameer Akram Tajasar Kamran Shehzad Bajwa Tahir Rehman Samiullah National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology University of the Punjab Lahore 53700 Pakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan

These days, there is a lot of discussion about genetically modified plants. There are different schools of thoughts in public, and some people adjusted while others are reluctant to accept genetically modified organism foods. Many vegetables are transformed and are used in daily life. Chili is one of those which is genetically modified and used in our food. Race specific genes can be used more efficiently for disease resistance and improving metabolic pathways. Different genes and transcriptional factors are available in Capsicum for this purpose. We can optimize and use the better expressed genes while engineering the chili plants, Genetic modifications causing significant changes are related with metabolism, which cause disease resistance.

关键词： Transcriptional factors chili plant metabolism resistance in chilies.

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Effect of Reaction Temperature and Time on the Structural Properties of Cu(In,Ga)Se_2 Thin Films Deposited by Sequential Elemental Layer Technique

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2007年第4期23卷 499-503页

作者： saira RIAZ Shahzad NASEEM Centre for Solid State Physics University of the Punjab QACLahore-54590Pakistan

Thin films of copper indium gallium selenide Cu（In,Ga）Se2 （CIGS） were prepared by sequential elemental layer deposition in vacuum at room temperature. The as-deposited films were heated in vacuum for compound formation, and were studied at temperature as high as 1250℃ for the first time. These films were concurrently studied for their structural properties by X-ray diffraction （XRD） technique. The XRD analyses include phase transition studies, grain size variation and microstrain measurements with the reaction temperature and *** has been observed that there are three distinct regions of variation in all these parameters. These regions belong to three temperature regimes：〈450℃, 450-950℃, and 〉950℃. It is also seen that the compound formation starts at 250℃, with ternary phases appearing at 350℃ or above. Whereas, there is another phase shift at 950℃ without any preference to the quaternary compound.

关键词： Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) X-ray Diffraction Thin films Structural analysis

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Surface Passivation of Ti/4H-SiC Schottky Barrier Diode

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2012年第10期58卷 577-582页

作者： Muhammad Khalid saira Riaz Shahzad Naseem Microelectronics Division/Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics School of Physical SciencesUniversity of the Punjab

Surface properties of SiC power devices mostly depend on the passivation layer(PL).This layer has direct influence on electrical characteristics of devices.2D numerical simulation of forward and reverse characteristics with and without different(PLs)(SiO2,HfO2 and Si3N4) has been *** results show that the breakdown voltage increases with increasing PL thickness,and there is a lesser significant effect on forward *** maximum breakdown voltage with and without SiO2 PL is 1240 V and 276 V,***2 PL has compatibility with SiC surface providing high breakdown voltage,6 and 8% higher than that of HfO2 and Si3N4 *** leakage current is observed which then further decreases on reducing the thickness of ***,variation of forward current with dielectric constant and thickness of PLs was ***,it is suggested that matches of our results with published experimental results indicate that the Sentaurus TCAD simulator is a predictive tool for the SiC Schottky barrier diode simulation.

关键词： Passivation breakdown voltage leakage current electric field on-resistance

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Rhodium（lll）/Amine Synergistically Catalyzed Enantioselective Alkylation of Aldehydes with α,β-Unsaturated 2-Acyl Imidazoles

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2016年第12期34卷 1225-1235页

作者： Jun Gong Kuan Li saira Qurban Qiang Kang Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China Department of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China

A synergistic catalysis combination of chiral-at-metal rhodium complex and amine catalyst was developed for enantioselective alkylation of aldehydes with α,β-unsaturated 2-acyl imidazoles. The corresponding adducts ... 详细信息

关键词： alkylation of aldehyde chiral-at-metal complex synergistic catalysis

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NewBee: Context-Free Grammar (CFG) of a New Programming Language for Novice Programmers

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第7期37卷 439-453页

作者： Muhammad Aasim Qureshi Muhammad Asif saira Anwar Department of Computer Science Bahria University Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Law Science and TechnologyUniversity of Bologna40126Italy Department of Multidisciplinary Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station77843USA

Learning programming and using programming languages are the essential aspects of computer science *** use programming languages to write their *** computer programs(students or practitioners written)make computers artificially intelligent and perform the tasks needed by the *** these programs,the computer may be visioned as a pointless *** the premise of writing programs is situated with specific programming languages,enormous efforts have been made to develop and create programming ***,each program-ming language is domain-specific and has its nuances,syntax and seman-tics,with specific pros and *** language-specific details,including syntax and semantics,are significant hurdles for novice ***,the instructors of introductory programming courses find these language specificities as the biggest hurdle in students learning,where more focus is on syntax than logic development and actual implementation of the *** the conceptual difficulty of programming languages and novice students’struggles with the language syntax,this paper describes the design and development of a Context-Free Grammar(CFG)of a programming language for the novice,newcomers and students who do not have computer science as their *** to its syntax proximity to daily conversations,this paper hypothesizes that this language will be easy to use and understand by novice *** paper systematically designed the language by identifying themes from various existing programming languages(e.g.,C,Python).Additionally,this paper surveyed computer science experts from industry and academia,where experts self-reported their satisfaction with the newly designed *** results indicate that 93%of the experts reported satisfaction with the NewBee for novice,newcomer and non-Computer Sci-ence(CS)major students.

关键词： Programming language formal language computer language language grammar simple syntax programming language novice programmer

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Nitro-tetrazole based high performing explosives:Recent overview of synthesis and energetic properties

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2021年第6期17卷 1995-2010页

作者： saira Manzoor Qamar-un-nisa Tariq Xin Yin Jian-Guo Zhang State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China

Heterocyclic skeleton(Azoles)and different energetic groups containing high performing explosives are highly emerged in recent years to meet the challenging requirements of energetic materials in both military and civilian applications with improved *** this purpose tetrazole(Azole)is identified as an attractive heterocyclic backbone with energetic functional groups nitro(-NO_(2)),nitrato(-ONO_(2)),nitrimino(-NNO_(2)),and nitramino(eNHeNO_(2))to replace the traditionally used high performing *** tetrazole based compounds having these energetic functional groups demonstrated advanced energetic performance(detonation velocity and pressure),densities,and heat of formation(HOF)and became a potential replacement of traditional energetic compounds such as *** review presents a summary of the recently reported nitro-tetrazole energetic compounds containing poly-nitro,di/mono-nitro,nitrato/nitramino/nitrimino,bridged/bis/di tetrazole and nitro functional groups,describing their preparation methods,advance energetic properties,and further applications as highperforming explosives,especially those reported in the last *** review aims to provide a fresh concept for designing nitro-tetrazole based high performing explosives together with major challenges and perspectives.

关键词： Tetrazole Energetic materials Functional groups Heterocyclic High-performing explosives

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Impact of interfacial tension on oil-water flow in a narrow gap

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Petroleum Research 2024年第2期9卷 219-227页

作者： Salim Raza Ian D.Gates saira Sherin University of Engineering and Technology PeshawarPakistan Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCanada

Numerous researchers have examined the co-current flow of oil-water and aqueous solutions containing polymers and surfactants in thin gaps for oil *** some have focused on charges and forces at the interfaces of oil-surfactant solutions during *** study of flow structures,interface behavior,and relative permeabilities of oil and aqueous phases of surfactant flow through thin gaps has been less *** the first time,this research aims to comprehensively investigate the flow of oil-water and oil-surfactant solutions through a thin gap(Hele-Shaw cell)with a particular focus on the impact of sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS).The experiments reveal that SDS forms an emulsion near the oil-water interface,capturing oil droplets and enabling their flow along with the SDS *** studies confirm this,showing that when SDS contacts oil,it creates channels through the oil phase,leading to the accumulation and division of oil into small round-shaped droplets,resulting in an oil-in-water *** addition of SDS to the injecting water significantly enhances relative permeabilities,leading to a remarkable 90%increase in oil recovery from the *** research suggests that the optimal SDS concentration range for maximum oil recovery is between 1.5 and 2 wt%,as it achieves the minimum interfacial tension between oil and water.

关键词： Surfactant Co-current flow Narrow gap Interface interactions Relative permeability

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Hot corrosion of surface-modified Sm_(2)Co_(17) high-temperature magnet with Ni and Ni/Cr bilayer coatings in 75 wt% Na_(2)SO_(4)–NaCl mixture

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Rare Metals 2021年第9期40卷 2494-2500页

作者： saira Bibi Jing-Min Wang Tariq Mehmood Waheed Qamar Khan Cheng-Bao Jiang Key Laboratory of Aerospace Materials and Performance(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Institute of Advanced Materials Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60800Pakistan School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Hot corrosion behavior of Sm_(2)(Co, Fe, Cu,Zr)17-type high-temperature magnetic alloy without and with a protective coating of Ni and Ni/Cr bilayer at 500 ℃ in a corrosive mixture of 75 wt% Na_(2)SO_(4)–NaCl for 100 h was reported in this paper. The obtained results of timedependent weight change established the parabolic growth of oxidized surface of bare magnets(8.87 mg·cm^(-2)),which caused a rapid loss of magnetic properties measured both at room and high temperatures(500 ℃). X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis revealed the growth of oxides for bare magnet and Cr–oxides(Cr_(2) O_(3)), top layer of Ni/Cr bilayer coating, but in the case of single coating, Ni–sulfides formation indicated penetration of sulfur, which is further verified by electron probe microanalysis with energy dispersive spectroscopy(EPMA/EDS) *** showed that bilayer-coated samples(Ni/Cr) performed better than Ni-coated and bare samples.

关键词： Hot corrosion SmCo-based alloys Oxidation Coatings

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Recent Trends in Preparation and Applications of Biodegradable Polymer Composites

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2020年第10期8卷 1305-1326页

作者： Haina Sagheer Gul Muhammad Awais saira Jabeen Muhammad Farooq Department of Chemistry Government Postgraduate CollegeMansehra21300Pakistan Department of Chemistry Hazara UniversityMansehra21300Pakistan Department of Botany Government Postgraduate CollegeMansehra21300Pakistan

This review efficiently covers the research progress in the area of polymer bio composites in perspective of the modern-day renewable *** the last decade,attraction towards the bio-composite based systems has been the topic of interest due to their potential as a substitute of conventional materials produced in important manufacturing ***,preparation of biocompatible and biodegradable polymer composites is an important achievement as an alternative of petrochemical based renewable *** production of eco-friendly bio-composite materials have been achieved with natural fibers viz jute,bamboo,hair,flex,wool,silk and many others instead of synthesized fibers like carbon,glass dispersed in synthesized resins viz poly vinyl alcohol,epoxy and ***materials based on natural fibers dispersed in natural matrix like natural rubber or polyester have also been obtained with endless applications for the *** utilization of such materials for the good well of mankind is attributed to their ease of disposal and being *** last but not the least,the extraordinary mechanical properties of bio-composites make them superior to many other conventional *** review paper addresses the recent trends,mechanical and chemical properties,synthesis,and application of bio-composites in the recent years.

关键词： Renewable bio-composites eco-friendly composites

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