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Analysis of Rainfall Dynamics in Conakry,Republic of Guinea

Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2020年第1期10卷 1-20页

作者： Ibrahima Kalil Kante saidou m.ustapha sall Daouda Badiane Ibrahima Diouf Abdoul Lahat Dieng Idrissa Diaby Francoise Guichard Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’Océan Siméon Fongang École Supérieure PolytechniqueUniversité Cheikh Anta DiopDakarSenegal Direction Nationale de la météorologie de Guinée ConakryGuinea Laboratoire d’Enseignement et de Recherche en Énergétique Appliquée UniversitéGamal Abdel Nasser de ConakryConakryGuinea NOAA Center for Weather and Climate Prediction College ParkUSA CNRm-GAmE(CNRS and météo-France) Toulouse CedexFrance

Observed rainfall data of the National meteorological Service of Guinea (NmS) exhibit that synoptic station usually records the largest rainfall amount in Guinea. Only few studies have been done on this rainfall peak observed in Conakry. This work better analyses the atmospheric dynamics leading to rainfall particularity. Using NmS data from 1981 to 2010, the monthly contribution and mean seasonal cycle of each station has been done. These findings of the study show that between July and August (rainfall season peak), the coastline particularly Conakry records the largest amount of rainfall. Using Era Interim data for the common period (1981-2010), we also investigate the rainfall dynamics in the lower level (1000 hPa - 850 hPa) from precipitable water, divergence, and moisture flow transport. There is a west and southwest moisture flow transport explained by a strong moisture convergence in the coastal region (Lower-Guinea). Furthermore, values of precipitable water in the same region are found, in agreement with the high moisture flow transport gradient. These incoming flow (west and south-west) undergo a return by blocking’s Kakoulima range (foehn effect) and Fouta Djallon massif to initiate convection clouds on the Guinean coast. These processes enhance a convergence of moisture associated with orographic origin convection. This has an important effect by increasing the rainfall amount in Conakry.

关键词： Conakry Guinea maximum Rainfall Precipitable Water Divergence moisture Flow

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Change in Climate Indices Using Bias-Adjusted CmIP5 models: The Case Study of the Fatick Region, Senegal

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American Journal of Climate Change 2022年第4期11卷 307-330页

作者： Ibrahima Camara Quentin Lejeune Dimitri Defrance mame Diarra Bousso Dieng Issa Sakho Youssouph Sane mélinda Noblet moussa Diakhaté Benjamen Sultan saidou m.ustapha sall Sérigne Faye Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’océan Ecoloe Supérieure Polytechnique Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar Dakar Sénégal Climate Analytics Berlin Germany The Climate Data Factory Paris France Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research-Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU) Karlsruhe Germany Université Amadou mahtar mbow (UAm) Dakar Sénégal Agence Nationale de l’Aviation Civile et de la météorologie (ANACIm) Dakar Sénégal Département de Géologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar Dakar Sénégal

This study analyses change in rainfall and temperature indices by 2035 and 2050 in Senegal, with a focus on the Fatick region. These parameters are crucial for understanding the impacts of anthropogenic climate change on some vital socio-economic sectors such as agriculture and water resources in this region. To this end, a multi model ensemble mean of 21 bias-adjusted global climate models participating in CmIP5 has been used. We considered two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). The results indicate an increase of 0.7˚C for maximum and minimum temperature by 2035 compared to the reference period (1976 - 2005). By 2050, an increase of 1.4˚C (2˚C) is projected for RCP4.5 (RCP8.5). These increases in temperature are statistically significant at the 90% confidence level. Conversely, the mean rainy season length decreases from 95 to 85 days by 2035 and less than 80 days by 2050. These decreases in rainy season length are mainly due to a delayed rainy season onset by 2035 and 2050, with the ensemble mean projecting an onset in the second half of July by 2050 instead of around the middle of June. The changes in both the onset and the length of the rainy season are significant at the 90% confidence level. Our results show a slight decrease in seasonal cumulated total rainfall by 2035 and 2050. However, we note a slight increase in seasonal cumulated extreme rainfall. These future changes in climate indices could induce yield reduction and water resources availability. To reduce yield losses, it would be interesting to adopt longer season varieties and also diversify income-generating activities. Concerning water resources, many actions could be done such as carrying out water retention works, treatment and reuse of non-conforming water for agriculture and livestock to reduce pressure on the resource.

关键词： Climate Indices CmIP5 Fatick (Senegal) RCP4.5 and RCP8.5

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Intra-Seasonal and Annual Variation of Aerosols and Their Radiative Impact in the Sahelian Zone of Burkina Faso

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2019年第1期9卷 62-74页

作者： Bado Nébon mamadou Simina Dramé saidou m.ustapha sall Korgo Bruno Demba Ndao Niang Kieno P. Florent Bathiebo Dieudonné Joseph Laboratoire d’Energies Thermiques Renouvelables (LETRE) Université Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’Océan Siméon-Fongang Université Cheikh Anta DIOP Dakar Sénégal

This paper deals with the characterization of aerosols in the Sahelian zone, particularly in Burkina Faso based on mODIS observations and in situ measurements of the AERONET network on the Ouagadougou site (12.2°N, 1.4°W). Thus, a seasonal spatial distribution of aerosols made over the period from 2001 to 2016 gives a very great variability of aerosols in Burkina Faso, whose maxima are encountered in Spring, characterized by winds from the North East. This seasonality of aerosols is also shown by the annual cycles of optical, radiative and microphysical parameters measured by AERONET between 1999 and 2006. moreover, an analysis of these parameters shows the prevalence of mineral dusts characterized by low values of the Angstrom coefficient (α440-870 0.9) and the cooling noticed in the bottom of atmosphere (BOA) and at the top of the atmosphere (TOA). Also, the climatology of the volume size distribution of aerosols shows a very great variability of particles in terms of size influenced by the thin and coarse pattern where most sizes are between 1 and 10 μm.

关键词： Aerosol AERONET mODIS microphysical and Optical Properties Radiative Forcing

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