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Assessment of the impacts of land-use change and slope position on soil loss by magnetic susceptibility-based models

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第3期38卷 455-468页

作者： saidati bouhlassa Naima Bouhsane Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Materials Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences Mohammed V University

Soil loss is a global environmental problem resulting from the erosion process caused by many factors,including land use and slope position. Estimation of total soil loss from agricultural fields is useful for understanding the consequences of historical and current erosion. The main purposes of the current study are to explore the application of magnetic measurements in the mapping and measuring soil redistribution in cultivated(MZ13) and forested(MZ17) transects in a Moroccan subcatchment, to develop a methodological approach correlating magnetic susceptibility(MS, denoted χ) variation to soil erosion/aggradation, and to discriminate the effects of land-use change and slope position on the total cumulative soil loss, assessed using three recently established erosion models based on an MS parameter.MS measurements were done on several soil cores collected at different slope positions including the summit(SU), shoulder(SH), back slope(BS), foot slope(FS), toe slope(TS) for Transects MZ13 and MZ17.A tillage homogenization(T-H) model, simple correlation model(SCM), and simple proportional model(SPM) based on χlf(where lf indicates low frequency) were applied to estimate soil loss for each slope position in the two transects. The results show that the correlation between χlfand χfd(which is the frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility percentage) is positive and high for the two transects(R2= 0.95; p < 0.01). The results confirm that the χlfenhancement of soils selected in calcareous parent material is related to the pedogenic processes with the formation of superparamagnetic particles distributed along the slope positions. The current study proves that it is possible to trace and monitor soil erosion and deposition using magnetic parameters(χlfand χfd%) for different slope positions along cultivated and forested transects. The results confirm that the soil losses strongly depend on land use and slope position. Higher erosion depth(d) estimated using the three erosion models are comparable and were about d(T-H, B

关键词： Magnetic susceptibility Soil loss Tillage homogenization Upper slope Lower slope Land use

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Rapid magnetic susceptibility measurement as a tracer to assess the erosion—deposition process using tillage homogenization and simple proportional models: A case study in northern of Morocco

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第5期38卷 739-753页

作者： Abdessalam Ouallali Naima Bouhsane saidati bouhlassa Mohamed Moukhchane Shamsollah Ayoubi Habiba Aassoumi Process Engineering and Environment Laboratory Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Mohammedia Hassan II University of Casablanca Department of Chemistry Center of Materials Science Laboratory of Applied Materials Chemistry Faculty of Sciences Rabat Mohammed V University Department of Earth Sciences Abdelmalek Essaadi UniversityEcole Normale Sup erieure Department of Soil Science College of Agriculture Isfahan University of Technology Laboratory of Environmental Geology and Natural Resources Faculty of Sciences Abdelmalek Essaadi University

Soil erosion is a significant threat in the Rif region in northern Morocco. Hence, accurate cartography of the phenomenon, magnitude, and extent of erosion in the area needs a simple, rapid, and economical method such as magnetic susceptibility(MS). The current study aims to:(i) determine the factors influencing the variation of soil MS,(ii) exploit MS to estimate soil loss using two approaches in different homogenous units characterized by the same climatic conditions with different edaphic characteristics(land use, slope, and lithology), and(iii) highlight the potential for using MS as a cheap and rapid tracer of a long term erosion and deposition processes. Mass-specific magnetic susceptibility at low(χlf) and high(χhf) frequencies were measured for 182 soil samples collected in the study area. A tillage homogenization(T-H) model and a simple proportional model(SPM) were applied on an undisturbed soil profile to predict the eroded soil depths for given cores. The results confirm that χlfis influenced by land use, slope, and soil type. Pedogenesis is the main factor affecting soil MS enhancement, indicated by homogenous magnetic mineralogy with a dominance of super-paramagnetic(SP) and stable single domain(SSD) magnetic grains. The study results show that higher soil losses have occurred in almost all the soil samples when applying the T-H model compared to application of the SPM. The SPM underestimates erosion due to its ignorance of the MS of the plow layers after erosion. The current study implies the high efficacy of magnetic susceptibility as the quick, easily measurable, simple, and costeffective approach that can be used as an alternative technique for evaluating soil redistribution.

关键词： Magnetic susceptibility (MS) Pedogenesis Erosion Tillage homogenization (T-H) Simple proportional model (SPM) Soil loss

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