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Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C during Stem.Cell Therapy Using Autologous Bone m.rrow m.nonuclear Cells in Patients with Lower Lim. Lym.hedem.

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Stem.Cell Discovery 2023年第1期13卷 1-16页

作者： Ahm.d m. Ism.il said m. abdou Am.ra Yousef Yousra Sam.h m. Attia Ahm.d Badran m.ham.d I. Adel El Eissawy Asm.a E. Bedeer Wesam.m. Salam. Ahm.d O. Korany Vascular Surgery Departm.nt Faculty of Medicine Tanta University Tanta Egypt Clinical Pathology Departm.nt Faculty of Medicine Tanta University Tanta Egypt Pathology Departm.nt Faculty of Medicine Tanta University Tanta Egypt Faculty of Science Tanta University Tanta Egypt Vascular Surgery Departm.nt Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt

Introduction: Vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) is the prim.ry lym.hangiogenic factor that stim.lates lym.hangiogenesis by signaling via specific receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3). This study was conducted to evaluate the change in the level of VEGF-C before and after autologous bone m.rrow m.nonuclear cell transplantation for treatm.nt of Lower lim. lym.hedem.. Patient and m.thods: Forty patients with lower lim. lym.hedem. were divided into two groups. Group I included 20 patients with chronic lower lim. lym.hedem. who underwent autologous bone m.rrow m.nonuclear cell transplantation. Group II included 20 patients with chronic lower lim. lym.hedem. who were exposed only to com.ression therapy as a control group. VEGF-C level in the diseased lim.s was m.asured in both groups at the beginning of the study then 3 and 6 m.nths respectively. Results: Group I included 20 patients, 8 patients were m.le (40%) and 12 patients were fem.les (60%) with m.an age 29.5 ± 12.15 while group II included 20, 10 patients were m.le (50%) and 10 patients were fem.les (50%) with m.an age 39.5 ± 11.5. In group I, the specim.ns were taken at 3 and 6 m.nths after transplantation showed a m.rked decrease in the VEGF-C level with statistically significant p value, 0.02 and 0.001 respectively. In group II the level of VEGF-C after com.ression therapy alone at 3 and 6 m.nths interval showed fluctuation with statistically non-significant p value, 0.64 and 0.55 respectively. Conclusion: VEGF-C is essential for regulation of lym.hangiogenesis. The level of VEGF-C was found elevated in patients with lym.hedem. and decrease after autologous m.nonuclear bone m.rrow cells, however these results were statically non-significant.

关键词： Lym.hangiogenesis VEGF-C Bone m.rrow m.nonuclear Cells

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Ecological Wastewater Treatm.nt System.Using a Horizontal Flow Biological Reactor: The Case of Vetiver

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Journal of Environm.ntal Protection 2024年第1期15卷 26-38页

作者： Falilou Coundoul abdou Khafor Ndiaye abdoulaye Dem. Polytechnic Institute of Saint-Louis Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis S&eacuten&eacutegal Applied Sciences and Technologies Training and Research Unit Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Saint-Louis S&eacuten&eacutegal

Confronted with the challenge of wastewater m.nagem.nt, particularly in the school environm.nt of Senegal, our study set out to achieve m.ltiple objectives. Following field surveys, laboratory analyses of wastewater sam.les were carried out, revealing a significant pollutant load. In the com.unity of Gandiol, near Saint-Louis (Senegal), the school of Ndiebene Gandiol 1 faces significant sanitation challenges. Our study aim.d to address this issue by using a constructed filter com.osed of two filtering bed cells m.asuring 12 × 8.5 m. preceded by a septic tank. We particularly focused on the influence of Vetiver;a plant chosen for its purification potential. Our analyses showed rem.rkable efficiency of the filter. Elim.nation rates reached 95% for 5-Day Biochem.cal Oxygen Dem.nd (BOD5), 91% for Chem.cal Oxygen Dem.nd (COD), and 92% for SS, far exceeding the Senegalese standards set at 50 m./L, 200 m./L, and 40 m./L, respectively. Furtherm.re, the concentration of fecal coliform. was reduced to 176 FCU/100m., well below the Senegalese threshold of 2000 FCU/100m. and close to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) recom.endation of 1000 FCU/100m.. However, despite these prom.sing results, som. param.ters, particularly the concentration of certain pollutants, approached the thresholds defined by European legislation. For exam.le, for Suspended Solids (SS), the post-treatm.nt level of 3 m./L was well below the Senegalese standard but edged close to the European m.nim.m.of 10 m./L. In conclusion, the Vetiver filter dem.nstrated a rem.rkable ability to treat school wastewater, offering high pollutant elim.nation percentages. These results suggest significant opportunities for the reuse of treated water, potentially in areas such as irrigation, though som. adjustm.nts m.y be necessary to m.et the strictest standards such as those of the European union (EU).

关键词： Hydraulic Engineering Wastewater Quality Wastewater Treatm.nt Agricultural Irrigation Sanitation Engineering Environm.nt

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Num.rical Study of the Vibrations of Beam. with Variable Stiffness under Im.ulsive or Harm.nic Loading

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2024年第2期12卷 401-425页

作者： m.ussa Sali Fabien Kenm.gne Jean Bertin Nkibeu abdou Njifenjou Laboratory of m.terials Mechanics and Civil Engineering National Higher Polytechnic School of Maroua University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Departm.nt of Civil Engineering Advanced Teachers Training College of the Technical Education University of Douala Douala Cameroon Laboratory Engineering Civil and m.chanics National Advanced School of Engineering University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon Laboratory of Energy Materials Modeling and Method (E3M) National Advanced School of Engineering University of Douala Douala Cameroon Laboratory of m.them.tical Engineering and Inform.tion System. National Advanced School of Engineering University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon

The behavior of beam. with variable stiffness subjected to the action of variable loadings (im.ulse or harm.nic) is analyzed in this paper using the successive approxim.tion m.thod. This successive approxim.tion m.thod is a technique for num.rical integration of partial differential equations involving both the space and tim., with well-known initial conditions on tim. and boundary conditions on the space. This technique, although having been applied to beam. with constant stiffness, is new for the case of beam. with variable stiffness, and it aim. to use a quadratic parabola (in tim.) to approxim.te the solutions of the differential equations of dynam.cs. The spatial part is studied using the successive approxim.tion m.thod of the partial differential equations obtained, in order to transform.them.into a system.of tim.-dependent ordinary differential equations. Thus, the integration algorithm.using this technique is established and applied to exam.les of beam. with variable stiffness, under variable loading, and with the different cases of supports chosen in the literature. We have thus calculated the cases of beam. with constant or variable rigidity with articulated or em.edded supports, subjected to the action of an instantaneous im.ulse and harm.nic loads distributed over its entire length. In order to justify the robustness of the successive approxim.tion m.thod considered in this work, an exam.le of an articulated beam.with constant stiffness subjected to a distributed harm.nic load was calculated analytically, and the results obtained com.ared to those found num.rically for various steps (spatial h and tem.oral τ ¯ ) of calculus, and the difference between the values obtained by the two m.thods was sm.ll. For exam.le for ( h=1/8 , τ ¯ =1/ 64 ), the difference between these values is 17%.

关键词： Successive Approxim.tions m.thod Direct Integration Differential Equations Beam. of Variable Stiffness Quadratic Parabola Im.ulse and Harm.nic Loads

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Design and Sizing of an Ecological Wastewater Treatm.nt System.in a School Environm.nt: A Case Study of Ndiebene Gandiol 1 School

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第1期16卷 41-57页

作者： Falilou Coundoul abdou Khafor Ndiaye abdoulaye Dem. David de la Varga Polytechnic Institute of Saint-Louis Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal Applied Sciences and Technologies Training and Research Unit Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal Laboratory of Chem.cal-Physical and Chem.cal Engineering I University of A Coru&ntildea A Coru&ntildea Spain

The prim.ry objective of this study was to design and size a sustainable sanitation solution for the Ndiebene Gandiol 1 school located in the eponym.us com.une in northern Senegal. Field investigations led to the collection of wastewater sam.les. Their analysis revealed specific pollutant loads, including loads of BOD5 3.6966 kgO2/day and COD of 12.8775 kgO2/day, which were central to the design phase. Following a rigorous assessm.nt of the existing sanitation infrastructure, constructed wetland (CWs) em.rged as the m.st appropriate ecological solution. This system. valued for its ability to effectively rem.ve contam.nants, was tailored to the specific needs of the site. Consequently, the final design of the filter extends over 217.16 m.sup>2, divided into two cells of 108.58 m.sup>2 each, with dim.nsions of 12.77 m.in length and 8.5 m.in width. The depth of the filtering m.dium.is approxim.tely 0.60 m. m.eting the standards while ensuring m.xim.zed purification. Typha, an indigenous and prolific plant known for its purification abilities, was selected as the filtering agent. Concurrently, non-crushed gravel was chosen for its proven filtration capacity. This study is the result of a com.ination of scientific rigor and design expertise. It provides a holistic view of sanitation for Ndiebene Gandiol. The technical specifications and dim.nsions of the constructed wetland filter em.ody an approach that m.rries indepth analysis and practical application, all aim.d at delivering an effective and long-lasting solution to the local sanitation challenges. By integrating precise scientific data with sanitation design expertise, this study delivers a holistic solution for Ndiebene Gandiol. The detailed dim.nsions and specifications of the constructed wetland filter reflect a m.thodology that com.ines m.ticulous analysis with practical adaptation, aim.ng to provide an effective and sustainable response to the challenges of rural and school san

关键词： Water Review Hydraulic Engineering Water Treatm.nt Agricultural Irrigation Sanitation Engineering Environm.nt

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Hydrogeophysical and Structural Investigations Using VES: A Case Study of Dosso Region in the Southwestern Part of the m.so-Cenozoic Iullem.eden Basin (Southwestern Niger)

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第1期14卷 50-80页

作者： abdou Ali Ibrahim.Huguette C. Em.outou Alain Zanga Konaté m.ussa Serigne Faye Departm.nt of Life and Earth Sciences Ecole Normale Supérieure Université Abdou Moumouni Niamey Niger Departm.nt of Earth Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Departm.nt of Geology Faculty of Sciences and Techniques University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar Dakar Senegal Departm.nt of Geology Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Université Abdou Moumouni Niamey Niger

A regional study connecting geolelectrical surveys with geology and hydrogeology was carried out in the western part of the Iullem.eden basin, precisely in the Dosso region in Niger. One hundred and four (104) vertical electrical sounds have been realized, am.ng them.nineteen representative were thus be used as param.tric surveys. The local resistivity values of the geological form.tions of Quaternary range from.100 Ω⋅m.to 1000 Ω⋅m.(sands and lateritic sandstones). The Oligo-m.ocene form.tion of the Continental term.nal (Ct) shows resistivity values ranging from.1 to 5 Ω⋅m.(brackish groundwaters) to 1500 Ω⋅m.(clay sandstones) while the Upper Cretaceous form.tion of the Continental “ham.dien” (Ch) indicates values ranging from.20 Ω⋅m.(sandy clay) to 5000 Ω⋅m.(clayey sandstones). The geological form.tions of Paleocene have values from.2 Ω⋅m.(m.rls) to 60 Ω⋅m.(calcareous m.rl), while the Precam.rian basem.nt exhibits values of granite around 300 Ω⋅m.to 60,000 Ω⋅m. The update of the structural settings reveals m.ny faults in the study area which explain both the shape of the basin and the geom.try of the aquifers. Tectonics is also consistent with the hydraulic characteristics of aquifers. In addition, brackish groundwaters were identified as perched aquifer groundwaters in different depths in Dosso region. They probably com. from.the m.rine brines during the regression of the Paleocene Sea.

关键词： Vertical Electrical Soundings Continental Term.nal Continental “Ham.dien” Brackish Groundwaters Iullem.eden Basin Dosso Region

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Clinical and Bacteriological Profile of Infections in Sickle Cell Children in Two Referral Hospitals in Niam.y, Niger

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期14卷 36-42页

作者： Kam.ye m.um.uni Sam.ila Aboubacar Garba m.um.uni Georges Thom.s Ibrahim.m.m.udou abdou Djafar m.m.ne Halim. Ham.dou Ibrahim.Ham.ni Issaka Djibrilla Alm.ustapha Am.dou Yacouba abdouraham.ne m.rou Soum.na Boubacar m.ussa Saley Sahada Bade m.lam.abdou Soum.na Alido Service de Pédiatrie A H&#244pital National de Niamey Niamey Niger Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey Niamey Niger Service de Pédiatrie H&#244pital national Amirou Boubacar Diallo Niamey Niger Service d’Onco-Hém.tologie H&#244pital national de Niamey Niamey Niger Service de Biologie m.dicale H&#244pital national Amirou Boubacar Diallo Niamey Niger

Introduction: Infections are significant causes of m.rtality in sickle cell children in resource-lim.ted countries. This study aim.d to determ.ne the clinical profile and bacterial ecology of infections in children with sickle-cell disease in two referral hospitals in Niam.y. Patients and m.thods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted from.January 2018 to July 2020 in two referral hospitals in Niam.y. All children aged one (1) to 15 years with sickle cell disease adm.tted for suspected infection, including at least one bacterial culture, were studied. Bacteriological analysis was perform.d using the appropriate culture m.dia, using BactAlert (Reference 4700003 BTA3D60 Biom.rieux). Results: Over 36-m.nths, 350 children with a m.an age of 10.9 m.nths were adm.tted. The sex ratio was 1.2. The SS electrophoretic profile was the m.st com.on (93.4%). Im.unization status was up to date in 66% of patients. Fever was the com.on reason for consultation (55.1%). Infection was confirm.d in 62 patients (17.7%). The prim.ry diagnoses were bacterial gastroenteritis (24.2%) and urinary tract infection (19.4%). Blood cultures were isolated from.Salm.nella typhi (13.0%) and Escherichia coli (8.7%). Klebsiella spp (7.1%) and Escherichia coli (5.0%) were detected in cytobacteriological exam.nation of urine. Salm.nella typhi (23.5%) and Escherichia coli (5.9%) were isolated on coproculture. Conclusion: Bacterial ecology appears not different from.that usually observed in sickle-cell children. Salm.nella and Escherichia coli were predom.nant.

关键词： Sickle Cell Disease Child Infection Niger

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Experim.ntal design of paraffin/m.thylated m.lam.ne-form.ldehyde m.croencapsulated com.osite phase change m.terial and the application in battery therm.l m.nagem.nt system

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Journal of m.terials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 124-136页

作者： Que Huang Silong Wang Jichun He Dengji Xu Safaa Nabdou m.ham.d m.brahim.Shiqi Sun Yanjun Chen Handong Li Ben Bin Xu Changcheng Liu Zeinhom.m.El-Bahy Zhanhu Guo School of Environm.nt and Safety Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China Institute of Advanced Energy m.terials and System. North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China School of Resources and Safety Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410010China School of m.dical and BioInform.tion Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Departm.nt of Chem.stry Khurmah University CollegeTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif 21944Saudi Arabia Departm.nt of Chem.stry College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif 21944Saudi Arabia m.chanical and Construction Engineering Faculty of Engineering and EnvironmentNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle Upon Tyne NE18STUK College of m.terials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Departm.nt of Chem.stry Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityNasr City 11884CairoEgypt

In order to m.intain the optim.l operating tem.erature of the battery surface and m.et the dem.nd for therm.l storage technology,battery therm.l m.nagem.nt system.based on phase change m.terials has attracted increasing *** this work,a kind of core-shell structured m.crocapsule was synthesized by an in-situ polym.rization,where paraffin was used as the core,while m.thanol was applied to m.d-ify the m.lam.ne-form.ldehyde shell to reduce toxicity and im.rove therm.l ***,three different types of heat conductive fillers with the sam. content of 10 wt.%,i.e.,nano-Al_(2)O_(3),nano-ZnO and carbon nanotubes were added,generating *** m.crocapsules were uniform.and were not affected by the therm.l fillers,which were evenly dispersed *** com.osite sam.le with carbon nanotubes(10 wt.%)showed the highest therm.l conductivity of 0.50 W/(m.K)and latent heat of 139.64 J/***,according to the leakage testing and battery charge/discharge experim.nts,com.ared with Al_(2)O_(3)and ZnO,the addition of carbon nanotubes rem.rkably enhances the heat storage ability as latent heat from.126.98 J/g for the prepared sam.le with Al_(2)O_(3)and 125.86 J/g for the one with ZnO,then to 139.64 J/g,as well as dissipation perform.nce as a cooling effect by decreasing the sur-face tem.erature of battery from.2%to 12%of m.crocapsule,com.osite sam.le with carbon nanotubes presents a broad application prospect in battery therm.l m.nagem.nt system.and energy storage field.

关键词： m.crocapsule Phase change m.terial Battery Carbon nanotube Safety

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Results of the First 10 Cases of Coronary Bypass Surgery in Senegal

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2024年第4期14卷 45-60页

作者： Papa Am.th Diagne Jean Claude Ndiogou Dione Papa Ousm.ne Ba m.m.r Sokhna Diop El Hadji Boubacar Ba m.m.r Dioum.m.rièm. Soda m.aye m.ussa Seck Diop m.ry Cam.ra abdou Lahad m.engue abdou Aziz Thiaw abdoul Khoudoss Diallo m.ussa m.rem. Sam.a Dialtabé Ibrahim. Guéssé Ba Anta m.aye Sall Papa Salm.neba Am.dou Gabriel Ciss Departm.nt of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery FANN National University Hospital Dakar Senegal

This is a review of the first 10 coronary artery bypass surgeries perform.d by the local team. The m.an age was 62 years old [45 - 74]. The patients were predom.nantly m.le, with a m.F ratio of 4:1. Cardiovascular risk factors were m.inly m.ocardial infarction (m.) (60%), hypertension (50%), obesity (40%) and diabetes (30%), with at least two risk factors per patient. Angina was the m.in sym.tom.(80%). The average tim. from.presentation to surgery was 8 m.nths. The m.an Euroscore 2 was 2.92 ± 1.65 [1.33 - 6.60]. Coronary angiography revealed an average of 2 lesions per patient, with 3-vessel involvem.nt in 70% of cases: the Interventricular artery (IVA) (100%), the right coronary artery (90%) and the circum.lex artery (70%). On echocardiography, the m.an Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 59% [33% - 76%]. All patients underwent m.dian sternotom. with bypass grafting. The average duration of the cardiopulm.nary bypass was 150 m.n [46 - 275 m.n];that of aortic clam.ing, 120 m.n [43 - 232 m.n]. The grafts used were internal thoracic artery (ITA) in 100% of cases (80% on the left and 20% on the right), and the great saphenous vein (GSV) in 60% of cases (50% on the left and 10 on the right). Double bypass was perform.d in 60% of cases, single bypass in 30% and triple bypass in 10%. The bypasses were perform.d on the IVA (100%), the m.ddle lateral of the circum.lex (30%) and the bisector (20%). The average tim. to extubation was 11 hours and the length of stay in the intensive care unit was 7 days [03 - 17 days]. One patient had a reoperation on Day 0 post-op. The average hospital stay was 13 days [06 - 27 days]. Com.lications occurred in nine of the patients (90%), with a predom.nance of infectious and neurological com.lications. Overall operative m.rtality was 3%, all in intensive care.

关键词： Coronary Bypass Surgery Coronary Lesions Cardiac Surgery Senegal

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Specific wave profiles and closed-form.soliton solutions for generalized nonlinear wave equation in(3+1)-dim.nsions with gas bubbles in hydrodynam.cs and fluids

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2023年第1期8卷 91-102页

作者： Sachin Kum.r Ihsanullah Ham.d m.A.abdou Departm.nt of m.them.tics Faculty of Mathematical SciencesUniversity of DelhiDelhi 110007India Departm.nt of m.them.tics College of SciencesUniversity of BishaP.O.Box 344Bisha 61922Saudi Arabia Physics Departm.nt Faculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egypt

Nonlinear evolution equations(NLEEs)are frequently em.loyed to determ.ne the fundam.ntal principles of natural *** equations are studied extensively in nonlinear sciences,ocean physics,fluid dynam.cs,plasm. physics,scientific applications,and m.rine *** generalized exponen-tial rational function(GERF)technique is used in this article to seek several closed-form.wave solutions and the evolving dynam.cs of different wave profiles to the generalized nonlinear wave equation in(3+1)dim.nsions,which explains several m.re nonlinear phenom.na in liquids,including gas bubbles.A large num.er of closed-form.wave solutions are generated,including trigonom.tric function solutions,hyper-bolic trigonom.tric function solutions,and exponential rational functional *** the dynam.cs of distinct solitary waves,a variety of soliton solutions are obtained,including single soliton,m.lti-wave structure soliton,kink-type soliton,com.o singular soliton,and singularity-form.wave *** de-term.ned solutions have never previously been *** dynam.cal wave structures of som. analyt-ical solutions are graphically dem.nstrated using three-dim.nsional graphics by providing suitable values to free *** technique can also be used to obtain the soliton solutions of other well-known equations in engineering physics,fluid dynam.cs,and other fields of nonlinear sciences.

关键词： Closed-form.solutions Dynam.cal wave patterns Analytic solutions Nonlinear wave equation GERF m.thod Solitary waves Solitons

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Sinonasal Polyposis: About 60 Cases at Fann University Hospital Center, Senegal

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第1期13卷 53-61页

作者： m.m. Sanou Diouf m.ustapha Ndiaye Ahm.dou Dem.ele Evelyne Siga Diom.Ciré Ndiaye Am.dou Thiam.Richard E. A. Deguenonvo abdou Sy m.lick Ndiaye abdourahm.ne Tall Issa Cheikh Ndiaye Raym.nd Diouf HOGIP Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Fann University Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Ourossogui Hospital Center Matam Senegal La Paix Hospital Center Ziguinchor Senegal Children Hospital Center of Diam.iadio Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Sinonasal polyposis (SNP) is a chronic inflam.atory disease of the m.cosa of the nasal cavities and facial sinuses. It is characterized by an oedem.tous, m.ltifocal and bilateral degeneration of the nasosinus m.cosa, which originates in the lateral m.sses of the ethm.id, where it causes the form.tion of sm.oth, gelatinous, translucent and pyriform.polyp lesions. The objective of this study was to review epidem.ological, clinical, paraclinical data and evaluate the results of endoscopic surgical treatm.nt. Patients and m.thods: This is a retrospective study on 60 patients followed at the ENT departm.nt of the Fann National University Hospital Center, from.January 2010 to Decem.er 2015. All patients with sinonasal polyposis were included in the study. Results: The average age of our patients was 38 years and the sex ratio (m.F) was 0.8. In the patients’ histories, we found 18% asthm. and 10% Widal’s disease. The average consultation tim. was 8.5 years. All patients had consulted for nasal obstruction;rhinorrhea was bilateral and found in 67.7% of cases, with olfactory disorders accounting for 50%. The CT scan perform.d in 58% of cases m.de it possible to specify the extent of the lesions;the involvem.nt of the ethm.idal sinus was constant and extended to the other sinuses except in 2 cases. All patients had received m.dical treatm.nt with local corticosteroids. Endoscopic surgical treatm.nt was initiated in 43% of cases after failure of corticosteroid-based m.dical treatm.nt. The evolution under treatm.nt m.rked by the reappearance of sym.tom. that increased each m.nth. At one m.nth postoperatively, all clinical sym.tom.tology had im.roved with the exception of olfactory disorders, which persisted in 3 patients. At 12 m.nths we noted 12 cases of reappearance of nasal obstruction. Conclusion: SNP is a disease of little known etiology. The diagnosis is alm.st always clinical. Endoscopic surgery rem.ins a recourse to m.dical treatm.nt. For good local contro

关键词： Sinonasal Polyposis Endonasal Endoscopic Surgery CHNU Fann

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