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A review of salivary composition changes induced by fasting and its impact on health

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 50-64页

作者： Nurul Fadhilah Kamalul Aripin NIdayu Zahid Mohd Aizat abdul rahim Hashim Yaacob Parvez I.Haris Zubaidah Haji abdrahim Rauzah Hashim School of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MARAShah Alam 40450Malaysia Centre for Fundamental and Frontier Sciences in Nanostructure Self-Assembly Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences Faculty of DentistryUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia UMSC Dental Specialist Clinic UM Dentistry TowerUniversiti MalayaMedical CentreKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences De Montfort UniversityLeicester LE19BHUnited Kingdom Chancellery(Research and Innovation) Universiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia

Human saliva is an indispensable fluid that maintains a healthy oral cavity which otherwise can lead to oral diseases(dental caries and periodontitis).In addition,salivary metabolites and microbiome profile provide early detection of systemic diseases such as cancer and *** diagnostic has gained popularity due to its non-invasive sampling ***(abstinence from food or drink or both)research for weight loss and improve health is common,but studies using fasting saliva are *** metabolites in fasting saliva have been reported with interesting results,which can be enhanced by considering different confounding *** example,fasting saliva contains higher salivary nitrite,which is related to nitric oxide(NO).NO is a vasodilator supporting the healthy function of endothelial cells and its deficiency is connected to many *** timely supply of NO through exogenous and endogenous means is highlighted and the potential advantage of fasting salivary composition changes in relation to COVID-19 infection is *** review aims to provide a general discussion on the salivary composition,properties,and functions of the whole saliva,including the health benefits of fasting.

关键词： Saliva Fasting Nitrate Nitrite Nitric oxide

Nutritional and therapeutic benefits of coconut milk and its potential as a plant-based functional yogurt alternative: a review

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Gengghatarani Gengan Nurul Solehah Mohd Zaini Nazamid Saari Anis Shobirin Meor Hussin Ahmad Haniff Jaafar Hanan Hasan Elicia Jitming Lim Wan abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar Muhamad Hafiz abd rahim Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory Institute of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science Universiti Malaya Faculty of Food Science and Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of Sydney

Plant-based milks are on the rise due to an increased awareness of their sustainability and health benefits. Currently， dairy milk is the most nutritionally complete beverage， but it suffers from the presence of indigestible lactose and allergenic proteins. Coconut milk has been around for a long time， but its application is limited due to a perceived lack of specific nutrients， high saturated fat levels， and low acceptability. Recent evidence indicates， however， that the saturated fat and other plant-based components found in coconut milk are good for metabolic outcomes and brain health. The conversion of coconut milk to yoghurt will further improve its functionality by boosting its existing nutritional qualities. In this article， the nutritional value of coconut milk， as well as its potential downsides， its application as yoghurt， and suggestions for enhancing its nutritional functionality will be examined.

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Relationships between land use types and urban heat island intensity in Hulu Langat district, Selangor, Malaysia

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Ecological Processes 2023年第3期12卷 26-39页

作者： Muhammad Rendana Wan Mohd Razi Idris sahibin abdul rahim Hazem Ghassan abdo Hussein Almohamad Ahmed abdullah Al Dughairi Motrih Al-Mutiry Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Sriwijaya Department of Earth Sciences and Environment Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia Sabah Geography Department Faculty of Arts and Humanities Tartous University Department of Geography College of Arabic Language and Social Studies Qassim University Department of Geography College of Arts Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University

Background Urban heat island(UHI) is an urban climate phenomenon that primarily responds to urban conditions and land use change. The extent of hard surfaces significantly influences the thermal properties of the land. To address this issue, a novel approach quantifying the association between land use and UHI is developed. This study offers a new technique for effectively estimating the effect of land use on the UHI intensity using the combination of urban heat intensity index(UHII) and land contribution index(LCI) derived from Landsat 8 OLI images. The timeseries thermal effect of land use on the UHI intensity can be determined according to the ratio in mean temperature between specific land use and the whole study site. The study was conducted in the Hulu Langat district, Malaysia during 2014–*** The UHI intensity rose from 0.19 in 2014 to 0.70 in 2021. The negative value of LCI for vegetation areas and water bodies obtained its negative contribution to the urban heat island, while the positive value of LCI for bare areas and built-up areas showed its positive effect on the urban heat island. The LCI value for urban areas showed a significant increase in the 7 years such as 0.51, 0.66, 0.69, and 0.75 for periods 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2021, respectively. The change in LCI from 2014 to 2021 for the transformation of bare area and forest was recorded to be 0.23 and-0.02, respectively. Thus, the conversion of forests into urban areas had a negative effect on the increment of UHI intensity. Conclusions Overall, these findings are useful for policy-making agency in developing an effective policy for reducing high UHI intensity and planning long-term land use management.

关键词： Geospatial technology Urban heat island Land contribution index Land surface temperature Environment

Roles of fermented plant-,dairy-and meat-based foods in the modulation of allergic responses

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第3期12卷 691-701页

作者： Muhamad Hafi z abd rahim Nur Hazlin Hazrin-Chong Hanis Hazeera Harith Wan abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar Rashidah Sukor Faculty of Food Science and Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia43400 SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia43400 SerdangSelangorMalaysia Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory Institute of Biological SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversiti Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food SecurityUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 SerdangSelangorMalaysia

This review attempts to delineate the effects and roles of fermented foods on allergic responses(AR),specifically from milk,plant,and meat *** for AR alleviation and aggravation were noted for many different fermented food *** outcomes on AR through fermented foods could be linked to microbial hydrolysis of food allergens,improvement in gut microbiota robustness,and modulation of the immune system that promotes a balance between T helper 1(Th1)and Th2 *** on plant-based,non-protein rich fermented foods tend to show more favourable results compared to those on meat-based or protein-rich *** usage of specific and known starter cultures are helpful in alleviating AR,as in the case for many yogurt,Kefir or Dahi *** fermentation time was also deemed important,exemplified in studies that showed inefficient AR reduction through consumption of fresh ***,formation of new allergens through fermentation of certain meat-based foods,or by using specific fermenting microbes(*** sp.),is ***,combination of starter cultures and food substrates must be considered in preventing or eliminating AR from intake of these *** review may aid consumers to make informed decision during the consumption of fermented food.

关键词： Allergy Fermented food Milk-based allergens Plant-based allergens Animal-based allergens

Pest and disease incidence of coniferous species in Taman Saujana Hijau,Putrajaya urban park,Malaysia

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林业研究:英文版 2023年第6期34卷 2065-2077页

作者： Nura Adila Shamsul Kamar Siti Khadijah abd rahim Annya Anak Ambrose Norida Hanim Awing Zaiton Samdin Aff endy Hassan Mohd Nazre Saleh Razak Terhem Laboratory of Forest Pathology and Tree Health Department of Forestry Science and BiodiversityFaculty of Forestry and EnvironmentUniversiti Putra Malaysia UPM43400 SerdangSelangorMalaysia Industrial Forest Research Centre Sarawak Forest Department93250 KuchingSarawakMalaysia Laboratory of Sustainable Bioresource Management(BIOREM) Institute Tropical Forestry and Forest Products(INTROP)Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM43400 SerdangSelangorMalaysia Faculty of Tropical Forestry Universiti Malaysia Sabah88400 Kota KinabaluSabahMalaysia School of Business and Economics Universiti Putra Malaysia43400 SerdangSelangorMalaysia

Taman Saujana Hijau(TSH),Putrajaya is a 41-ha urban park planted with various coniferous species from around the *** pests and disease incidences of this park are unknown and there is a need for an evaluation of the health status of this urban *** study assessed the level of pest and disease incidents of coniferous species in 12 plots of 7 species(Araucaria bidwilii,Araucaria haterophylla,Araucaria cunninghamii,Pinus caribaea,Pinus merkusii,Podocarpus polystachyus,and Podocarpus costalis).Termites,canker disease,and foliar disease are three major *** highest pest and disease incidence(PnDI)was foliar disease with a 0.49 coefficient correlation between the total number of trees and the PnDI,followed by canker disease with 0.40,and termites with *** the seven conifers,*** was the most infected followed by *** and *** was concluded that the incidence of pests and diseases in TSH was *** our knowledge,this may be the first baseline inventory of pests and diseases of coniferous species in Malaysia.

关键词： Canker disease Coniferous species Foliar disease Pest and disease incidence Urban park

Relationships between land use types and urban heat island intensity in Hulu Langat district, Selangor, Malaysia

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Ecological Processes 2023年 461-474页

Background Urban heat island(UHI) is an urban climate phenomenon that primarily responds to urban conditions and land use change. The extent of hard surfaces significantly influences the thermal properties of the land. To address this issue, a novel approach quantifying the association between land use and UHI is developed. This study offers a new technique for effectively estimating the effect of land use on the UHI intensity using the combination of urban heat intensity index(UHII) and land contribution index(LCI) derived from Landsat 8 OLI images. The timeseries thermal effect of land use on the UHI intensity can be determined according to the ratio in mean temperature between specific land use and the whole study site. The study was conducted in the Hulu Langat district, Malaysia during 2014–*** The UHI intensity rose from 0.19 in 2014 to 0.70 in 2021. The negative value of LCI for vegetation areas and water bodies obtained its negative contribution to the urban heat island, while the positive value of LCI for bare areas and built-up areas showed its positive effect on the urban heat island. The LCI value for urban areas showed a significant increase in the 7 years such as 0.51, 0.66, 0.69, and 0.75 for periods 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2021, respectively. The change in LCI from 2014 to 2021 for the transformation of bare area and forest was recorded to be 0.23and-0.02, respectively. Thus, the conversion of forests into urban areas had a negative effect on the increment of UHI *** Overall, these findings are useful for policy-making agency in developing an effective policy for reducing high UHI intensity and planning long-term land use management.

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Triple-Band Circularly Polarized Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) for Wireless Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 313-325页

作者： Azuwa Ali Mohd Najib Mohd Yasin Ismahayati Adam Ali H.Rambe Mohd Haizal Jamaludin Hasliza A rahim Corhan Cengiz Mohd Ibrahim Shapiai abd.Razak Advanced Communication Engineering(ACE)Centre of Excellence Faculty Technology of Electrical EngineeringUniversiti Malaysia PerlisPauhPerlis02600Malaysia Advanced Communication Engineering(ACE)Centre of Excellence Faculty Technology of Electronic EngineeringUniversiti Malaysia PerlisPauhPerlis02600Malaysia Department of Electrical Engineering Universitas Sumatera UtaraMedan20155Indonesia Wireless Communication Center Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaSkudai81310JohorMalaysia Korhan Cengiz College of Information Technology University of FujairahFujairah00000United Arab Emirates Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology(M-JIIT) Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaKuala Lumpur54100Malaysia

This paper proposes a new dielectric resonator antenna(DRA)design that can generate circularly polarized(CP)triple-band *** CP DRA antenna fed by a probe feed system is achieved with metal strips structure on side of DRA *** design start with conventional rectangular DRA with F shaped metal strips on DRA structure alongside the ***,the F metal strip is enhanced by extending the length of the metal strip to obtain wider impedance *** improvement on the antenna performance is observed by improvised the conventional DRA *** method of removing part of DRA bottom resulted to higher antenna gain with triple band *** primary features of the proposed DRA include wide impedance matching bandwidth(BW)and broadband circular polarization(CP).The primary features of the proposedDRAinclude wide impedance matching bandwidth(BW)and broadband circular polarization(CP).The CP BW values recorded by the proposed antenna were∼11.27%(3.3–3.65 GHz),12.18%(4.17–4.69 GHz),and 1.74%(6.44–6.55 GHz)for impedance-matching BW values of 35.4%(3.3–4.69 GHz),1.74%(5.36–5.44 GHz),and 1.85%(6.41–6.55 GHz)with peak gains of 6.8 dBic,7.6 dBic,and 8.5 dBic,respectively,in the lower,central,and upper *** prototype of the proposed antenna geometry was fabricated and measured.A good agreement was noted between the simulated and the measured results.

关键词： Dielectric resonator antenna(DRA) circularly polarized(CP) parasitic element radiating element

Tonian–Ediacaran Tectonometamorphic History of the Sa'al Complex,Sinai(Egypt):Implications for the Tectonostratigraphic Framework of the Northern Arabian–Nubian Shield

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2022年第5期96卷 1545-1565页

作者： Mohamed W.ALI-BIK Suranjan GHOSH NPRABHAKAR Said Habd El rahim Hilmy EMOUSSA Geological Sciences Department National Research Centre(NRC)DokkiCairo 12622Egypt Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai 400076India

The Sa'al Metamorphic Complex(SMC;southern Sinai)encompasses the oldest arc rocks in the Arabian–Nubian Shield,comprising two non-consanguineous metavolcanic successions(the Agramiya Group and the Post-Ra'ayan Formation)separated by the metasediments of the Ra'ayan *** experienced three distinct deformational events(D_(1)–D_(3))and two low-medium grade regional metamorphic events(M_1–M_(2)).The Agramiya Group and the Ra'ayan Formation experienced all tectonometamorphic events(D_1–D_(3)and M_(1)–M_(2)),whereas the Post-Ra'ayan volcanic rocks were only affected by the D_(3)and M_(2)events.D_(1)is an extensional event and is connected to the late Rodinia break-up(~Tonian;900–870 Ma).The M_(1)metamorphism variably affected the older Agramiya Group,the rhyolitic tuffs experiencing lower to upper greenschist facies conditions and the basic and intermediate volcanic rocks undergoing amphibolite facies *** Ra'ayan Formation metasediments experienced upper greenschist to amphibolite facies *** upper greenschist facies M_(2)affected the youngest Post-Ra'ayan volcanic rocks and other stratigraphic *** compressive D_(2)and D_(3)events were coeval with the accretion of dismembered terranes in the assembly of Gondwana.D_(2)can be linked to the Tonian–Cryogenian arc-arc assembly(~880–760 Ma;in Elat and Sinai),whereas D_(3)and the accompanying M_(2)is constrained to 622–600 Ma(Ediacaran).

关键词： deformation microstructure metamorphism Sa'al Metamorphic Complex Arabian–Nubian Shield

A Grid-tied PV Inverter with Sag-severity-independent Low-voltage Ride Through, Reactive Power Support, and Islanding Protection

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第6期9卷 1300-1311页

作者： Muhammad Talha Siti Rohani S.Raihan Nasrudin abd.rahim UM Power Energy Dedicated Advanced Center(UMPEDAC) University of Malaya IEEE

This paper proposes a grid-tied photovoltaic(PV)inverter capable of low-voltage ride through(LVRT), reactive power support, and islanding protection. Unlike other LVRT inverters, the proposed inverter is independent of sag severity while maintaining the maximum power-point tracking(MPPT)under normal and faulty conditions. The addition of an energy storage buffer stage mitigates the DC-link voltage surge during sags. At the same time, the inverter injects the reactive power during back-to-back sags of variable depths. The control system of the inverter generates the appropriate reference signals for normal, LVRT, and anti-islanding modes while the MPPT continues running. The salient features of the proposed inverter are:(1) active power injection under normal grid conditions;(2)sag-depth independent LVRT with reactive power support;(3)no DC-link fluctuations;(4) continuous MPPT mode;and(5) simultaneous LVRT and anti-islanding support during a grid outage. The inverter demonstrates an uninterrupted operation and seamless transition between various operating modes. Simulations and the experimental prototype have been implemented to validate the efficacy of the proposed PV inverter.

关键词： Low-voltage ride through(LVRT) Sag maximum power point tracking(MPPT) single-phase photovoltaic(PV)inverter PV-battery system