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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第6期16卷 292-296页

作者： sahib singh Vishnu Charan Suresh Kumar Ganesh Aswath Department of Internal Medicine Sinai HospitalBaltimoreMD 21215United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology State University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13210United States

Glucagon-like peptide receptor agonists(GLP-1RA)are used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and,more recently,have garnered attention for their effect-iveness in promoting weight *** have been associated with several gastrointestinal adverse effects,including nausea and *** side effects are presumed to be due to increased residual gastric *** the potential risk of aspiration and based on limited data,the American Society of Anesthesi-ologists updated the guidelines concerning the preoperative management of patients on GLP-1RA in *** included the duration of mandated cessation of GLP-1RA before sedation and usage of“full stomach”precautions if these medications were not appropriately held before the *** has led to additional challenges,such as extended waiting time,higher costs,and increased risk for *** this editorial,we review the current societal guidelines,clinical practice,and future directions regarding the usage of GLP-1RA in patients undergoing an endoscopic procedure.

关键词： Glucagon-like peptide receptor agonists Endoscopy Adverse events Intubation Aspiration Semaglutide Healthcare burden Guidelines

Impact of frailty on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography outcomes in nonagenarians:A United States national experience

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第3期16卷 148-156页

作者： Sanket Dhirubhai Basida Dushyant singh Dahiya Muhammad Nadeem Yousaf Brinda Basida Bhanu Siva Mohan Pinnam Manesh Kumar Gangwani Hassam Ali sahib singh Yash R Shah Daksh Ahluwalia Mihir Prakash Shah Saurabh Chandan Neil R Sharma Shyam Thakkar Department of Internal Medicine University of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbiaMO 65212United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 66160United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65212United States Department of Rheumatology Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityNorth AugustaGA 30912United States Department of Internal Medicine John H.Stroger Hospital of Cook CountyChicagoIL 60612United States Department of Internal Medicine The University of ToledoToledoOH 43606United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology East Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States Department of Internal Medicine Sinai HospitalBaltimoreMD 21215United States Department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Creighton University School of MedicineOmahaNE 68131United States Division of Interventional Oncology&Surgical Endoscopy GI Oncology Tumor Site TeamParkview Cancer InstituteParkview HealthFort WayneIN 46845United States Section of Gastroenterology&Hepatology West Virginia University School of MedicineMorgantownWV 26505United States

BACKGROUND Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)is an essential therapeutic tool for biliary and pancreatic *** and elderly patients,especially those aged≥90 years are generally considered a higher-risk population for ERCP-related *** To investigate outcomes of ERCP in the Non-agenarian population(≥90 years)concerning *** This is a cohort study using the 2018-2020 National Readmission *** aged≥90 were identified who underwent ERCP,using the international classification of diseases-10 code with clinical *** Hopkins’s adjusted clinical groups frailty indicator was used to classify patients as frail and *** primary outcome was mortality,and the secondary outcomes were morbidity and the 30 d readmission rate related to *** used univariate and multivariate regression models for *** A total of 9448 patients were admitted for any indications of *** and non-frail patients were 3445(36.46%)and 6003(63.53%)*** for ERCP were Choledocholithiasis(74.84%),Biliary pancreatitis(9.19%),Pancreatico-biliary cancer(7.6%),Biliary stricture(4.84%),and Cholangitis(1.51%).Mortality rates were higher in frail group[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.68,P=0.02].The Intra-procedural complications were insigni-ficant between the two groups which included bleeding(aOR=0.72,P=0.67),accidental punctures/lacerations(aOR=0.77,P=0.5),and mechanical ventilation rates(aOR=1.19,P=0.6).Post-ERCP complication rate was similar for bleeding(aOR=0.72,P=0.41)and post-ERCP pancreatitis(aOR=1.4,P=0.44).Frail patients had a longer length of stay(6.7 d vs 5.5 d)and higher mean total charges of hospitalization($78807 vs$71392)compared to controls(P<0.001).The 30 d all-cause readmission rates between frail and non-frail patients were similar(P=0.96).CONCLUSION There was a significantly higher mortality risk and healthcare burden amongst nonagenarian frail patients undergoing ERCP compared

关键词： Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Nonagenarians Frailty Mortality Healthcare burden

Remimazolam for sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy:A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第7期16卷 385-395页

作者： Dushyant singh Dahiya Ganesh Kumar Syeda Parsa Manesh Kumar Gangwani Hassam Ali Amir Humza Sohail Saqr Alsakarneh Umar Hayat Sheza Malik Yash R Shah Bhanu Siva Mohan Pinnam sahib singh Islam Mohamed Adishwar Rao Saurabh Chandan Mohammad Al-Haddad Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityMO 66160United States Department of Internal Medicine Chandka Medical CollegeSindh 77280Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Arkansas For Medical SciencesLittle RockAR 72205United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionEast Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States Department of Surgery University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNM 87106United States Department of Internal Medicine University of Missouri-Kansas CityKansas CityMO 64108United States Department of Internal Medicine Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical CenterWilkes BarrePA 18711United States Department of Internal Medicine Rochester General HospitalRochesterNY 14621United States Department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States Department of Internal Medicine John H.Stroger Hospital of Cook CountyChicagoIL 60612United States Department of Internal Medicine Sinai hospitalBaltimoreMD 21215United States Department of Hepatology University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211United States Department of Internal Medicine Guthrie Robert Packer HospitalSayrePA 18840United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Creighton University School of MedicineOmahaNE 68131United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States

Worldwide,a majority of routine endoscopic procedures are performed under some form of sedation to maximize patient ***,benzodiazepines and opioids continue to be widely ***,in recent years,Remimazolam is gaining immense popularity for procedural sedation in gastrointestinal(GI)*** is an ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine sedative which was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in July 2020 for use in procedural *** has shown a favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile in terms of its non-specific metabolism by tissue esterase,volume of distribution,total body clearance,and negligible drug-drug *** also has satisfactory efficacy and has achieved high rates of successful sedation in GI ***,studies have demonstrated that the efficacy of Remimazolam is non-inferior to Propofol,which is currently a gold standard for procedural sedation in most parts of the ***,the use of Propofol is associated with hemodynamic instability and respiratory *** contrast,Remimazolam has lower incidence of these adverse effects intra-procedurally and hence,may provide a safer alternative to Propofol in procedural *** this comprehensive narrative review,highlight the pharmacologic characteristics,efficacy,and safety of Remimazolam for procedural *** also discuss the potential of Remimazolam as a suitable alternative and how it can shape the future of procedural sedation in gastroenterology.

关键词： Remimazolam Endoscopy Sedation Outcomes Efficacy Safety Pharmacokinetics

Influence of tool rotation speeds on mechanical and morphological properties of friction stir processed nano hybrid composite of MWCNT-Graphene-AZ31 magnesium

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2019年第3期7卷 487-500页

作者： Sanjay Sharma Amit Handa sahib Sartaj singh Deepak Verma I.K.Gujral punjab technical university kapurthalaIndia punjabi university patialaindia graphic era hill university dehradunindia

The ever-increasing demand for light weighted hard materials for transportation industries encouraged researchers to develop composites with excellent mechanical properties which can transform it into more economical and *** the metals with carbonaceous nanomaterials are progressively in focus due to their excellent capability to inculcate and tailor the properties of *** the present research,a hybrid nanocomposite of MWCNT-Graphene-AZ31 Mg alloy has been developed by using variable tool rotation speeds with friction stir processing(FSP).Optimized reinforcement ratio of 1.6%*** and 0.3%*** graphene have been used with variable tool rotation speeds,whereas other processing parameters are kept *** developed specimens were investigated using standard testing equipment for evaluating and comparing the mechanical properties on the basis of the microstructure of the processing regions and their morphological analysis,according to the ASTM *** obtained results revealed an improvement of 19.72%in microhardness and 77.5% of compressive strength in comparison with the base metal AZ 31 Magnesium alloy,with a tool rotational speed of *** values of tensile stress and percentage area reduction were recorded as less than that of the base metal matrix,but an increasing trend has been observed in the values of both with the improvement on rotational speeds of the *** effectual strengthening mechanisms are analyzed on the bases of SEM images and observed that discussed and found that grain refinement strengthening is the major contributor to the strength of the nanocomposite.

关键词： MMCs(Metal Matrix composites) Friction stir processing(FSP) Multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCCT) Graphene Nano Particular Stir Zone(SZ) Thermo-mechanically affected zone(TMAZ) Heat Affected Zone(HAZ)

Effect of temperature on carrier transport and photoconductivity of Mn-doped FeS2 thin films

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2022年第1期32卷 135-142页

作者： Jugraj singh Kulwinder singh Manjot Kaur Anup Thakur Ram K.Sharma Ankush Vij Akshay Kumar Department of Nanotechnology Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University Department of Basic and Applied Sciences Punjabi University Centre for Interdisciplinary Research University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES) Department of Physics University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES)

Thin-film of Mn-doped iron disulfide(FeS2) has been prepared using the thermal evaporation method. This work reports the Hall measurements, temperature and light intensity-dependent photoconductivity, electrical transport mechanism, and photodetection properties of Mn-doped FeS2thin film. The transient photoconductivity measurements of p-type Mn-doped FeS2thin film show a consistent dependence upon temperature and light *** transport mechanism was illustrated using different models. In region-Ⅰ(303–393 K) deposited film followed the thermally activated transport mechanism. Nearest neighbour hopping(NNH) transport mechanism was followed by region-Ⅱ(274–293 K), and Mott’s variable range hopping(VRH) mechanism was dominant in region Ⅲ(108–273 K). The fabricated device resulted in higher photoconductivity due to collecting charge carriers through electrodes under light illumination. The results also revealed that Mn-doped thin film possessed good photoresponsivity(～19 m A/W) as well as photo-detectivity(～3.4 × 1012Jones) due to the occupation of localized states formed by Mn-doping. Light intensity-dependent photodetection properties suggested the potential for real-time photodetection applications.

关键词： Mn-doped FeS 2 Charge transport Hopping mechanism Photodetection Responsivity

Insight into the liver dysfunction in COVID-19 patients: Molecular mechanisms and possible therapeutic strategies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第14期29卷 2064-2077页

作者： Naina Khullar Jasvinder singh Bhatti Satwinder singh Bhawana Thukral P Hemachandra Reddy Gurjit Kaur Bhatti Department of Zoology Mata Gujri CollegeFatehgarh Sahib 140407PunjabIndia Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics Department of Human Genetics and Molecular MedicineSchool of Health SciencesCentral University of PunjabBathinda 151401PunjabIndia Department of Computer Science and Technology Central University of PunjabBathinda 151401PunjabIndia Department of Nutrition and Dietetics University Institute of Applied Health SciencesChandigarh UniversityMohali 140413PunjabIndia Department of Internal Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTX 79430United States Department of Medical Lab Technology University Institute of Applied Health SciencesChandigarh UniversityMohali 140413PunjabIndia

As of June 2022,more than 530 million people worldwide have become ill with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Although COVID-19 is most commonly associated with respiratory distress(severe acute respiratory syndrome),metaanalysis have indicated that liver dysfunction also occurs in patients with severe *** studies revealed distinctive patterning in the receptors on the hepatic cells that helps in viral invasion through the expression of angiotensinconverting enzyme *** has also been reported that in some patients with COVID-19,therapeutic strategies,including repurposed drugs(mitifovir,lopinavir/ritonavir,tocilizumab,etc.)triggered liver injury and cholestatic *** proven indicators support cytokine storm-induced hepatic *** there are 1.5 billion patients with chronic liver disease worldwide,it becomes imperative to critically evaluate the molecular mechanisms concerning hepatotropism of COVID-19 and identify new potential *** review also designated a comprehensive outlook of comorbidities and the impact of lifestyle and genetics in managing patients with COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 Liver damage Pharmacotherapy Cytokine storm Molecular mechanisms

Fruit Image Classification Using Deep Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 5135-5150页

作者： Harmandeep singh Gill Osamah Ibrahim Khalaf Youseef Alotaibi Saleh Alghamdi Fawaz Alassery Department of Computer Science Guru Arjan Dev Khalsa College Chohla Sahib143408PunjabIndia Al-Nahrain University Al-Nahrain Nano-Renewable Energy Research CenterBaghdad964Iraq Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SystemsUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

Fruit classification is found to be one of the rising fields in computer and machine *** deep learning-based procedures worked out so far to classify images may have some ill-posed *** performance of the classification scheme depends on the range of captured images,the volume of features,types of characters,choice of features from extracted features,and type of classifiers *** paper aims to propose a novel deep learning approach consisting of Convolution Neural Network(CNN),Recurrent Neural Network(RNN),and Long Short-TermMemory(LSTM)application to classify the fruit *** accuracy depends on the extracted and selected optimal *** learning applications CNN,RNN,and LSTM were collectively involved to classify the *** is used to extract the image *** is used to select the extracted optimal features and LSTM is used to classify the fruits based on extracted and selected images features by CNN and *** study shows the supremacy of proposed over existing Support Vector Machine(SVM),Feed-forwardNeural Network(FFNN),and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System(ANFIS)competitive techniques for fruit images *** accuracy rate of the proposed approach is quite better than the SVM,FFNN,and ANFIS *** has been concluded that the proposed technique outperforms existing schemes.

关键词： Image classification feature extraction type-II fuzzy logic integrator generator deep learning

Microstructural analysis and hot corrosion behavior of HVOF-sprayed Ni–22Cr–10Al–1Y and Ni–22Cr–10Al–1Y–SiC(N) coatings on ASTM-SA213-T22 steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第3期27卷 401-416页

作者： Gurmail singh Niraj Bala Vikas Chawla Department of Mechanical Engineering IKGPTUJalandhar 144603PunjabIndia Department of Aerospace Engineering Chandigarh UniversityGharuan 140413PunjabIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering BBSBECFatehgarh Sahib 140407PunjabIndia

The present paper deals with the investigation of microstructure and high-temperature hot corrosion behavior of high-velocity oxy fuel(HVOF)-produced coatings. Two powder coating compositions, namely, Ni22Cr10Al1Y alloy powder and Ni22Cr10Al1Y(80 wt%;microsized)–silicon carbide(SiC)(20 wt%;nano(N)) powder, were deposited on a T-22 boiler tube steel. The hot corrosion behavior of bare and coated steels was tested at 900°C for 50 cycles in Na2SO4–60 wt%V2O5 molten-salt environment. The kinetics of corrosion was established with weight change measurements after each cycle. The microporosity and microhardness of the as-coated samples have been reported. The X-ray diffraction,field emission-scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray mapping characterization techniques have been utilized for structural analysis of the as-coated and hot-corroded samples. The results showed that both coatings were deposited with a porosity less than2%. Both coated samples revealed the development of harder surfaces than the substrate. During hot corrosion testing, the bare T22 steel showed an accelerated corrosion in comparison with its coated counterparts. The HVOF-sprayed coatings were befitted effectively by maintaining their adherence during testing. The Ni22Cr10Al1Y–20 wt%SiC(N) composite coating was more effective than the Ni–22Cr–10Al–1Y coating against corrosion in the high-temperature fluxing process.

关键词： high-velocity oxy fuel thermal spray hot corrosion oxide scale nano-structured coating

BEST WEIGHT PATTERN EVALUATION BASED SECURITY CONSTRAINED POWER DISPATCH ALGORITHM

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2007年第3期16卷 287-307页

作者： Lakhwinder singh J.S. DHILLON Baba Banda singh Bahadur Engineering College Fatehgarh Sahib- 140407 Punjab India Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering & Technology Longowa1-148 106 Punjab India

This paper presents a methodology which determines the allocation of power demand among the committed generating units while minimizes number of objectives as well as meets physical and technological system constraints. The procedure considers two decoupled problems based upon the dependency of their goals on either active power or reactive power generation. Both the problems have been solved sequentially to achieve optimal allocation of active and reactive power generation while minimizes operating cost, gaseous pollutants emission objectives and active power transmission loss with consideration of system operating constraints along with generators prohibited operating zones and transmission line flow limits. The active and reactive power line flows are obtained with the help of generalized generation shift distribution factors （GGDF） and generalized Z-bus distribution factors （GZBDF）, respectively. First problem is solved in multi-objective framework in which the best weights assigned to objectives are determined while employing weighting method and in second problem, active power loss of the system is minimized subject to system constraints. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated on 30-bus IEEE power system.

关键词： Multi-objective optimization best weight pattern evaluation fuzzy decision making membership function generalized generation shift distribution factors generalised Z-bus distribution factors

FUZZY SATISFYING INTERACTIVE MULTIOBJECTIVE THERMAL POWER DISPATCH： SWT APPROACH

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2007年第1期16卷 88-106页

In multiobjective optimization, trade-off analysis plays an important role in determining most preferred solution. This paper presents an explicit interactive trade-off analysis based on the surrogate worth trade-off function to determine the best compromised solution. In the multiobjective framework thermal power dispatch problem is undertaken in which four objectives viz. cost, NOx emission, SOx emission and COx emission are minimized simultaneously. The interactive process is implemented using a weighting method by regulating the relative weights of objectives in systematic manner. Hence the weighting method facilitates to simulate the trade-offrelation between the conflicting objectives in non-inferior domain. Exploiting fuzzy decision making theory to access the indifference band, interaction with the decision maker is obtained via surrogate worth trade-off （SWT） functions of the objectives. The surrogate worth trade-off functions are constructed in the functional space and then transformed into the decision space, so the surrogate worth trade-off functions of objectives relate the decision maker＇s preferences to non-inferior solutions through optimal weight patterns. The optimal solution of thermal power dispatch problem is obtained by considering real and reactive power losses. Decoupled load flow analysis is performed to find the transmission losses. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated on 11-bus, 17-lines IEEE system, comprising of three generators.

关键词： Multiobjective thermal power dispatch weighting method fuzzy membership function non-inferior solutions SWT functions