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Glycosylation of N-hydroxy-pipecolic acid equilibrates between systemic acquired resistance response and plant growth

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Molecular Plant 2021年第3期14卷 440-455页

作者： Jianghua Cai Adam Jozwiak Lara Holoidovsky Michael MMeijler sagit meir Ilana Rogachev Asaph Aharoni Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 761001Israel Department of Chemistry and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBe’er-Sheva 8410501Israel

N-hydroxy-pipecolic acid(NHP)activates plant systemic acquired resistance(SAR).Enhanced defense responses are typically accompanied by deficiency in plant development and *** of extensive studies on SAR induction,the effects of NHPmetabolismon plant growth remain largely *** this study,we discovered that NHP glycosylation is a critical factor that fine-tunes the tradeoff between SAR defense and plant *** demonstrated that a UDP-glycosyltransferase(UGT76B1)forming NHP glycoside(NHPG)controls the NHP to NHPG ***,the ugt76b1 mutant exhibits enhanced SAR response and an inhibitory effect on plant growth,while UGT76B1 overexpression attenuates SAR response,promotes growth,and delays senescence,indicating that NHP levels are dependent on UGT76B1 function in the course of ***,our results suggested that,upon pathogen attack,UGT76B1-mediated NHP glycosylation forms a‘‘hand brake’’on NHP accumulation by attenuating the positive regulation of NHP biosynthetic pathway genes,highlighting the complexity of SAR-associated *** addition,we showed that UGT76B1-mediated NHP glycosylation in the local site is important for fine-tuning SAR *** results implicate that engineering plant immunity through manipulating the NHP/NHPG ratio is a promising method to balance growth and defense response in crops.

关键词： N-hydroxy-pipecolic acid N-hydroxy-pipecolic acid glycoside UDP-glycosyltransferase glycosylation systemic acquired resistance plant growth

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The polyketide synthase OsPKS2 is essential for pollen exine and Ubisch body patterning in rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第9期59卷 612-628页

作者： Xiaolei Zhu Jing Yu Jianxin Shi Takayuki Tohge Alisdair R.Fernie sagit meir Asaph Aharoni Dawei Xu Dabing Zhang Wanqi Liang Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic&Developmental Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and HealthSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Central Metabolism Group Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology14476 Potsdam-GolmGermany Department of Plant Sciences Weizmann Institute of SciencePO Box 26Rehovot 76100Israel School of Agriculture Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideWaite CampusSA 5005Australia

Lipid and phenolic metabolism are important for pollen exine formation. In Arabidopsis, polyketide synthases （PKSs） are essential for both sporopollenin biosynthesis and exine formation. Here, we characterized the role of a polyketide synthase （OsPKS2） in male reproduction of rice （Oryza sativa）. Recombinant OsPKS2 catalyzed the condensation of fatty acyl-CoA with malonyl- CoA to generate triketide and tetraketide α-pyrones, the main components of pollen exine. Indeed, the ospks2 mutant had defective exine patterning and was male sterile. However, the mutant showed no significant reduction in sporopollenin accumulation. Compared with the WT （wild type）, ospks2 displayed unconfined and amorphous tectum and nexine layers in the exine, and less organized Ubisch bodies. Like the pksb/lap5 mutant of the Arabidopsis ortholog, ospks2 showed broad alterations in the profiles of anther-related phenolic compounds. However, unlike pksb/laps, in which most detected phenolics were substantially decreased, ospks2 accumu- lated higher levels of phenolics. Based on these results and our observation that OsPKS2 is unable to fully restore the exine defects in the pksb/laps, we propose that PKS proteins have functionally diversified during evolution. Collectively, our results suggest that PKSs represent a conserved and diversified biochemical pathway for anther and pollen development in higher plants.

关键词： PKS The polyketide synthase OsPKS2 is essential for pollen exine and Ubisch body patterning in rice Figure

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The biosynthetic pathway of the hallucinogen mescaline and its heterologous reconstruction

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1129-1150页

作者： Paula Berman Luis Alejandro de Haro Ana-Rita Cavaco Sayantan Panda Younghui Dong Nikolay Kuzmich Gabriel Lichtenstein Yoav Peleg Hila Harat Adam Jozwiaki Jianghua Cai Uwe Heinig sagit meir Ilana Rogachev Asaph Aharoni Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel Life Sciences Core Facilities Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel The Maurice and Vivienne Wohl Institute for Drug Discovery Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel Present address:Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryWeinberg 306120 Halle(Saale)Germany Department of Molecular&Cellular Pharmacology University of Miami Miler School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136USA Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California RiversideRiversideCA 92521USA Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing School of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China

Mescaline,among the earliest identified natural hallucinogens,holds great potential in psychotherapy ***,despite the existence of a postulated biosynthetic pathway for more than half a century,the specific enzymes involved in this process are yet to be *** this study,we investigated the cactus Lophophora williamsii(Peyote),the largest known natural producer of the phenethylamine *** employed a multi-faceted approach,combining de novo whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing with comprehensive chemical profiling,enzymatic assays,molecular modeling,and pathway engineering for pathway *** identified four groups of enzymes responsible for the six catalytic steps in the mescaline biosynthetic pathway,and an N-methyltransferase enzyme that N-methylates all phenethylamine intermediates,likely modulating mescaline levels in ***,we reconstructed the mescaline biosynthetic pathway in both Nicotiana benthamiana plants and yeast cells,providing novel insights into several challenges hindering complete heterologous mescaline *** together,our study opens up avenues for exploration of sustainable production approaches and responsible utilization of mescaline,safeguarding this valuable natural resource for future generations.

关键词： mescaline Lophophora williamsi Peyote biosynthetic pathway de novo genome sequencing mo-lecular modeling

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