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Exploring Work-Related Stress and Coping Strategies among Omani Nurses Working in Tertiary Governmental Hospitals at Muscat: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Open Journal of Nursing 2023年第6期13卷 368-385页

作者： safiya al-yaqoubi Maternal and Child Department Sultan Qaboos University Hospital Muscat Sultanate of Oman

Introduction: Work-related stress has become a global issue in the nursing workplace, with about 9.20% - 68.0% of nurses globally experiencing stress. Conversely, work-related stress ranges between 20% and 40% in nursing. Other researchers noted that 35.1% of nurses globally experienced elevated stress levels. Stress can damage well-being and lead to coping, which can, directly and indirectly, improve well-being through a perceived state. Nurses need coping mechanisms to manage their stress levels and maintain stability. Coping mechanisms can vary greatly depending on a nurse’s culture and background. Numerous findings indicate that managing stress is more critical than the cause of stress and that the more successful a stress-management approach, the less damage stress brings. Objective: In response to this, it is necessary to explore Omani nurses’ stress level and their coping strategies working in tertiary governmental hospitals in Muscat. Methods: The sample size for this study was 383 Omani nurses, with a 100% response rate. This study used a descriptive cross-sectional design from 15 October 2020 to 30 November 2020. Samples were selected through proportionate population sampling (PPS) from the five selected tertiary hospitals. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaires using a perceived stress scale and Ways of Coping. A simple random sample within a stratum (each hospital admitting ward) was done to identify the study participants. The sample size for this study was 383 Omani nurses, with a 100% response rate. Results: About 83.3% of participants had a moderate perceived level of stress with an overall mean perceived stress level of 18.46 ± 4.52. The most common sources of perceived stress are feeling nervous and “stressed” in the last month (2.30 ± 0.95). According to the ways of coping strategies, nurses seemed to be resorting to more “planful problem” (mean = 11.04) and least was seeking social support (mean = 9.67). Conclusion: This study hi

关键词： Stress Level Work-Related Stress Coping Strategies

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EZH2 inhibitors promote β-like cell regeneration in young and adult type 1 diabetes donors

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 679-692页

作者： Keith al-Hasani safiya Naina Marikar Harikrishnan Kaipananickal Scott Maxwell Jun Okabe Ishant Khurana Thomas Karagiannis Julia J.Liang Lina Mariana Thomas Loudovaris Thomas Kay Assam El-Osta Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Program Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute75 Commercial RoadMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia Department of Diabetes Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia School of Science STEM CollegeRMIT UniversityMelbourne 3001 VICAustralia Immunology and Diabetes Unit St Vincent’s Institute of Medical ResearchFitzroy 3065 VICAustralia Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongSha TinHong Kong SAR Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity Prince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong Kong3/F Lui Che Woo Clinical Sciences Building30-32-Ngan Shing StreetSha TinHong Kong SAR Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongSha TinHong Kong SAR Biomedical Laboratory Science Department of TechnologyFaculty of HealthUniversity College CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark

β-cells are a type of endocrine cell found in pancreatic islets that synthesize,store and release *** type 1 diabetes(T1D),T-cells of the immune system selectively destroy the insulin-producingβ-*** of these cells leads to a lifelong dependence on exogenous insulin administration for ***,there is an urgent need to identify novel therapies that stimulateβ-cell growth and induceβ-cell *** and others have shown that pancreatic ductal progenitor cells are a promising source for regeneratingβ-cells for T1D owing to their inherent differentiation *** transcriptional suppression is refractory to exocrine reaction and tightly controls the regenerative potential by the EZH2 *** the present study,we show that transient stimulation of exocrine cells,derived from juvenile and adult T1D donors to the FDAapproved EZH2 inhibitors GSK126 and Tazemetostat(Taz)influence a phenotypic shift towards aβ-like cell *** transition from repressed to permissive chromatin states are dependent on bivalent H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 chromatin *** EZH2 is fundamental toβ-cell regenerative *** pancreatic ductal cells exhibit insulin production and secretion in response to a physiological glucose challenge ex *** pre-clinical studies underscore the potential of small molecule inhibitors as novel modulators of ductal progenitor differentiation and a promising new approach for the restoration ofβ-like cell function.

关键词： EZH2 struction inhibitors

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Candidemia chronicles:Retrospective analysis of candidemia epidemiology,species distribution,and antifungal susceptibility patterns in Bahrain

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第4期13卷 74-88页

作者： Nermin Kamal Saeed safiya almusawi Mohammed al-Beltagi Medical Microbiology Section Department of PathologySalmaniya Medical ComplexGovernmental HospitalsManama 12Bahrain Department of Medical Microbiology Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland-BahrainBusaiteen 15503Bahrain Department of Pediatric Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 31511Egypt Department of Pediatric University Medical CenterKing Abdulla Medical CityArabian Gulf UniversityManama 26671Bahrain

BACKGROUND Invasive fungal infections,particularly candidemia,pose significant clinical challenges *** local epidemiology,species distribution,and antifungal susceptibility patterns is crucial for effective management despite regional *** To investigate the epidemiology,species distribution,antifungal susceptibility patterns,and associated risk factors of candidemia among patients in Bahrain from 2021 to *** This retrospective study analyzed demographic data,Candida species distribution,antifungal susceptibility profiles,and risk factors among candidemia patients treated at a tertiary care hospital in Bahrain over three *** was collected from medical records and analyzed using descriptive *** A total of 430 candidemia cases were *** mean age of patients was 65.7 years,with a mortality rate of 85.5%.Candida albicans(***)was the most common species,followed by Candida parapsilosis,Candida tropicalis(***),and emerging multidrug-resistant Candida auris(***).Antifungal susceptibility varied across species,with declining susceptibility to azoles observed,particularly among *** and *** risk factors included central venous catheters,broad-spectrum antibiotics,and surgical *** This study highlights the substantial burden of candidemia among older adults in Bahrain,characterized by diverse Candida *** also concerns levels of antifungal resistance,notably in *** findings underscore the importance of local epidemiological surveillance and tailored treatment strategies to improve outcomes and mitigate the spread of multidrug-resistant Candida *** research should focus on molecular resistance mechanisms and optimizing therapeutic approaches to address this growing public health concern.

关键词： Candidemia Fungal infections Antifungal resistance Epidemiology Risk factors Antifungal susceptibility Bahrain

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Tetrachloroethane(TeCA)removal through sequential graphite-mixed metal oxide electrodes in a bioelectrochemical reactor

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第1期17卷 59-67页

作者： Marco Zeppilli Hafsa yaqoubi Edoardo Dell’Armi Agnese Lai Mustapha Belfaquir Laura Lorini Marco Petrangeli Papini Department of Chemistry University of Rome SapienzaPiazzale Aldo Moro 5Rome00185Italy Department of Chemistry Ibn Tofail UniversityLaboratory of Advanced Material and Process EngineeringCampus UniversitaireBP.242KenitraMorocco

Electro-bioremediation offers a promising approach for eliminating persistent pollutants from groundwater since allows the stimulation of biological dechlorinating activity,utilizing renewable electricity for process operation and avoiding the injection of chemicals into *** this study,a two-chamber microbial electrolysis cell has been utilized to achieve both reductive and oxidative degradation of tetrachloroethane(TeCA).By polarizing the graphite granules cathodic chamber at650 mV vs the standard hydrogen electrode and employing a mixed metal oxide(MMO)counter electrode for oxygen production,the reductive and oxidative environment necessary for TeCA removal has been *** experiments were conducted using two feeding solutions:an optimized mineral medium for dechlorinating microorganisms,and synthetic groundwater containing sulphate and nitrate anions to investigate potential side *** bioelectrochemical process efficiently reduced TeCA to a mixture of trans-dichloroethylene,vinyl chloride,and ethylene,which were subsequently oxidized in the anodic chamber with removal efficiencies of 37±2%,100±4%,and 100±5%,*** introduction of synthetic groundwater with nitrate and sulphate stimulated reductions in these ions in the cathodic chamber,leading to a 17%decrease in the reductive dechlorination rate and the appearance of other chlorinated by-products,including cis-dichloroethylene and 1,2-dichloroethane(1,2-DCA),in the cathode ***,despite the lower reductive dechlorination rate during synthetic groundwater operation,aerobic dechlorinating microorganisms within the anodic chamber completely removed VC and 1,*** study represents the first demonstration of a sequential reductive and oxidative bioelectrochemical process for TeCA mineralization in a synthetic solution simulating contaminated groundwater.

关键词： Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons Microbial electrolysis cells Oxidative dechlorination Reductive dechlorination Sulphate reduction Nitrate reduction

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Single image super-resolution:a comprehensive review and recent insight

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第1期18卷 139-156页

作者： Hanadi al-MEKHLAFI Shiguang LIU College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

Super-resolution(SR)is a long-standing problem in image processing and computer vision and has attracted great attention from researchers over the *** main concept of SR is to reconstruct images from low-resolution(LR)to high-resolution(HR).It is an ongoing process in image technology,through up-sampling,de-blurring,and *** neural network(CNN)has been widely used to enhance the resolution of images in recent *** alternative methods use deep learning to improve the progress of image super-resolution based on ***,we review the recent findings of single image super-resolution using deep learning with an emphasis on distillation knowledge used to enhance image super-resolution.,it is also to highlight the potential applications of image super-resolution in security monitoring,medical diagnosis,microscopy image processing,satellite remote sensing,communication transmission,the digital multimedia industry and video ***,we present the challenges and assess future trends in super-resolution based on deep learning.

关键词： super-resolution deep learning single-image interpolation-based learning-based reconstruction-based

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RoGRUT: A Hybrid Deep Learning Model for Detecting Power Trapping in Smart Grids

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 3175-3192页

作者： Farah Mohammad Saad al-Ahmadi Jalal al-Muhtadi Center of Excellence in Information Assurance(CoEIA) King Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia College of Computer&Information Sciences King Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia

Electricity theft is a widespread non-technical issue that has a negative impact on both power grids and electricity *** hinders the economic growth of utility companies,poses electrical risks,and impacts the high energy costs borne by *** development of smart grids is crucial for the identification of power theft since these systems create enormous amounts of data,including information on client consumption,which may be used to identify electricity theft using machine learning and deep learning ***,there also exist different solutions such as hardware-based solutions to detect electricity theft that may require human resources and expensive ***-based solutions are presented in the literature to identify electricity theft but due to the dimensionality curse,class imbalance issue and improper hyper-parameter tuning of such models lead to poor *** this research,a hybrid deep learning model abbreviated as RoGRUT is proposed to detect electricity theft as amalicious and non-malicious *** key steps of the RoGRUT are data preprocessing that covers the problem of class imbalance,feature extraction and final theft *** advanced-level models like RoBERTa is used to address the curse of dimensionality issue,the near miss for class imbalance,and transfer learning for *** effectiveness of the RoGRUTis evaluated using the dataset fromactual smartmeters.A significant number of simulations demonstrate that,when compared to its competitors,the RoGRUT achieves the best classification *** performance evaluation of the proposed model revealed exemplary results across *** accuracy achieved was 88%,with precision at an impressive 86%and recall reaching 84%.The F1-Score,a measure of overall performance,stood at 85%.Furthermore,themodel exhibited a noteworthyMatthew correlation coefficient of 78%and excelled with an area under the curve of 91%.

关键词： Electricity theft smart grid RoBERTa GRU transfer learning

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Developing a Model for Parkinson’s Disease Detection Using Machine Learning algorithms

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4945-4962页

作者： Naif al Mudawi Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information SystemNajran UniversityNajran55461Saudi Arabia

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a chronic neurological condition that progresses over *** start to have trouble speaking,writing,walking,or performing other basic skills as dopamine-generating neurons in some brain regions are injured or *** patient’s symptoms become more severe due to the worsening of their signs over *** this study,we applied state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms to diagnose Parkinson’s disease and identify related risk *** research worked on the publicly available dataset on PD,and the dataset consists of a set of significant characteristics of *** aim to apply soft computing techniques and provide an effective solution for medical professionals to diagnose PD *** research methodology involves developing a model using a machine learning *** the model selection,eight different machine learning techniques were adopted:Namely,Random Forest(RF),Decision Tree(DT),Support Vector Machine(SVM),Naïve Bayes(NB),Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LightGBM),K-Nearest Neighbours(KNN),Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost),and Logistic Regression(LR).Subsequently,the concentrated models were validated through 10-fold Cross-Validation and Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC)—Area Under the Curve(AUC).In addition,GridSearchCV was utilised to measure each algorithm’s best parameter;eventually,the models were trained through the hyperparameter tuning *** 98%accuracy,LightGBM had the highest accuracy in this ***,KNN,and SVM came in second with 96%***,the performance scores of NB and LR were recorded to be 76%and 83%,*** is to be mentioned that after applying 10-fold cross-validation,the average performance score of LightGBM accounted for 93%.At the same time,the percentage of ROC-AUC appeared at 0.92,which indicates that this LightGBM model reached a satisfactory ***,we extracted meaningful insights and figured out potential gaps on top of *** extracting meaningful in

关键词： Light GBM cross-validation ROC-AUC Parkinson’s disease(PD) SVM and XGBoost

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The optimal semi-analytical modeling for the infinite-conductivity horizontal well performance under rectangular bounded reservoir based on a new instantaneous source function

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Petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 68-84页

作者： Firas A.A.al-Kabbawi Independent scholar LivingstonScotlandUNITED KINGDOM

The main objective of this study is to develop the optimal semi-analytical modeling for the infiniteconductivity horizontal well performance under rectangular bounded reservoir based on a new instantaneous source *** available semi-analytical infinite-conductivity models(ICMs)for horizontal well under rectangular bounded reservoir in literature were developed by applying superposition of pressures in space(SPS).A new instantaneous source function(i.e.,instantaneous uniform-flux segmentary source function under bounded reservoir)is derived to be used instead of SPS to develop the optimal semi-analytical *** new semi-analytical ICM is verified with ICM of Schlumberger[1]and with previous semi-analytical ICMs in terms of bottom hole pressure(BHP)profile and inflow rate distribution along the *** model is also validated with real horizontal wells in terms of inflow rate distribution along the *** results show that the developed model gives the optimal semi-analytical modeling for the infinite-conductivity horizontal well performance under rectangular bounded *** that,high computationalefficiency and high-resolution of wellbore discretization have been achieved(i.e.,wellbore segment number could be tens of hundreds depending on solution requirement).The results also show that at pseudosteady state(PSS)flow regime,inflow rate distribution along the wellbore by previous semi-analytical ICMs is stabilized U-shaped as performance of inflow rate distribution at late radial flow ***,the previous semi-analytical ICMs are incorrectly modeling inflow rate distribution at PSS flow regime due to the negative influence of applying *** optimal semi-analytical ICM is in a general form and real time domain,and can be applicable for 3D horizontal well and 2D vertical fracture well under infinite and rectangular bounded reservoirs,of uniform-flux and infinite-conductivity wellbore conditions at any time of well life.

关键词： Infinite-conductivity model Horizontal well performance Semi-analytical modeling Rectangular bounded reservoir Instantaneous source functions Flow regimes

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Degradation pathways of amino acids during thermal utilization of biomass: a review

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 67-95页

作者： Mubarak al-Kwradi Mohammednoor altarawneh Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering United Arab Emirates UniversityAl-Ain 15551United Arab Emirates

Amino acids are important nitrogen carriers in biomass and entail a broad spectrum of industrial uses,most notably as food additives,pharmaceutical ingredients,and raw materials for bio-based *** detailed information in regard to the fragmentation of amino acids is essential to comprehend the nitrogen transformation chemistry at conditions encountered during hydrothermal and pyrolytic degradation of *** underlying aim of this review is to survey literature studies pertinent to the complex structures of amino acids,their formation yields from various categories of biomass,and their fragmentation routes at elevated temperatures and in the aqueous *** predominant degradation reactions ensue in the decomposition of amino acids,namely deamination and ***,minor differences in structure can greatly affect the fate for each amino ***,amino acids,being nitrogen-rich compounds,play pivotal roles across various *** is a growing interest in producing varied types and configurations of amino *** fermentation appears to a viable approach to produce amino acids at an industrial *** innovative method under investigation is catalytic synthesis using renewable biomass as *** a method taps into the inherent nitrogen in biomass sources like chitin and proteins,eliminating the need for external nitrogen *** environmentally friendly approach is in line with green chemistry principles and has been gathering momentum in the scientific community.

关键词： amino acids pyrolysis biomass nitrogen mechanisms bioenergy

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Charged Particles Capture Cross-section by a Weakly Charged Schwarzschild Black Hole

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 141-146页

作者： A.M.al Zahrani A.al-Jama Physics Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia

We study the capture cross-section of charged particles by a weakly charged Schwarzschild black *** dependence of the maximum impact parameter for capture on the particle’s energy is investigated numerically for different values of the electromagnetic coupling strength between the particle and the black *** capture cross-section is then *** show that the capture cross-section is independent of the electromagnetic coupling for ultra-relativistic *** astrophysical implications of our results are discussed.

关键词： stars black holes-accretion-accretion disks-black hole physics

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