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Modelling medium-and long-term purchasing plans for environment-orientated container trucks:a case study of Yangtze River port

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2023年第1期5卷 66-75页

作者： Shuai Li Weijia Wu Xiaofeng Ma Ming Zhong Muhammad safdar Intelligent Transportation Systems Center Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430063HubeiChina National Engineering Research Center for Water Transport Safety Wuhan 430063HubeiChina.

The transportation sector is the most significant contributor to anthropogenic greenhouse gas(GHG)***,maritime transportation,which is predominantly powered by fossil-fuel engines,accounts for more than 90%of world freight movement and emits 3%of global carbon dioxide(CO_(2))*** is the world’s largest emitter of CO_(2 )and plays a key role in mitigating global climate *** order to tackle this pressing concern,this study analyses the port’s throughput,the current number of trucks and their emissions during the container truck purchasing *** studies about container truck purchasing plans mostly focused on the trucks’price and port *** objective of this study is to minimize the total cost of a port’s inland transportation using optimization technique such as the interval uncertainty planning model to convert container truck emissions into social *** study considers the port of Yangtze as a case *** study has designed two scenarios.(i)The base scenario(business-asusual,BAU)is used to quantify the relationship between pollutant emissions and system *** the base scenario,no environmental control facilities are used during the planning period,and there is no need to purchase new energy container trucks.(ii)The expected scenario(Scenario A)is for three planning *** Scenario A,the emissions levels are required to remain at the same level as the first planning period during the whole planning *** solving the above model,the number of all truck types,system cost,container throughput and truck emissions in the port area were *** results showed that if no emission reduction control measures are implemented in the next 9 years,the growth rate of pollutants in the port area could reach 20%.In addition,the findings showed clearly that truck emissions are reduced by purchasing new energy trucks and restricting the number of fossil-fuel(diesel)*** study could also help to minimize sy

关键词： container truck truck emissions optimization model interval uncertainty planning model Yangtze River port

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Dynamics of a two-group model for assessing the impacts of pre-exposure prophylaxis,testing and risk behaviour change on the spread and control of HIV/AIDS in an MSM population

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第1期9卷 103-127页

作者： Queen Tollett Salman safdar Abba B.Gumel School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ85287USA Department of Mathematics University of KarachiUniversity Road75270Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of PretoriaPretoria0002South Africa

Although much progress has been made in reducing the public health burden of the human immunodeficiency virus(HIV),which causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS),since its emergence in the 1980s(largely due to the large-scale use and availability of potent antiviral therapy,improved diagnostic and intervention and mitigation measures),HIV remains an important public health challenge globally,including in the United *** study is based on the use of mathematical modeling approaches to assess the population-level impact of pre-exposure prophylaxis(PrEP),voluntary testing(to detect undetected HIV-infected individuals),and changes in human behavior(with respect to risk structure),on the spread and control of HIV/AIDS in an MSM(men-who-have sex-with-men)***,a novel two-group mathematical model,which stratifies the total MSM population based on risk(low or high)of acquisition of HIV infection,is *** model undergoes a PrEP-induced backward bifurcation when the control reproduction number of the model is less than one if the efficacy of PrEP to prevent a high-risk susceptible MSM individual from acquiring HIV infection is not perfect(the consequence of which is that,while necessary,having the reproduction number of the model less than one is no longer sufficient for the elimination of the disease in the MSM population).For the case where the efficacy of PrEP is perfect,this study shows that the disease-free equilibrium of the two-group model is globally-asymptotically stable when the associated control reproduction number of the model is less than *** sensitivity analysis was carried out to identify the main parameters of the model that have the highest influence on the value of the control reproduction number of the model(thereby,having the highest influence on the disease burden in the MSM population).Numerical simulations of the model,using a plausible range of parameter values,show that if half of the MSM population co

关键词： HIV/AIDS MS MHigh(low)-risk groups PrEP Behavior change Antiviral treatment Control reproduction number

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Status and Social Capital:A Cross-Sectional Quantitative Investigation of Flood Survivors in South Punjab,Pakistan

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第4期13卷 549-560页

作者： Muhammad Siddique Akbar Muhammad Rizwan safdar Farhan Navid Yousaf Daniel P.Aldrich Institute of Social and Cultural Studies University of the PunjabLahore 054590Pakistan Security and Resilience Studies Program Department of Political ScienceNortheastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA

A growing body of evidence underscores that social capital mitigates the impact of natural hazards such as *** we know less about the distribution of social ties in developing countries regularly hit by *** study examined the differences between demographic groups in South Punjab,Pakistan affected by the 2010 floods,comparing respondents'levels of social capital measured through proxies such as received social support,perceived community cohesion,accessibility to leadership,and general level of *** carried out univariate and multivariate analyses of factors including gender,education,occupation,landholding,family size,annual income,number of livestock,and home *** data collected in face-to-face interviews with 450 flood survivors,our analysis showed no statistically significant difference in the flood victims'scores on all four scales based on gender and family ***,education,occupation,landholding,annual income,and home stability statistically correlated with levels of social *** with high levels of education,high levels of land,higher home stability,and a government job typically had higher scores in all four measurements of social *** results show strong inequality in the distribution of social capital,with better connections and assistance coming to those who already have better socioeconomic positions in society.

关键词： Flood survivors Pakistan Social capital South Punjab

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An Efficient Method for Underwater Video Summarization and Object Detection Using YoLoV3

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第2期35卷 1295-1310页

作者： Mubashir Javaid Muazzam Maqsood Farhan Aadil Jibran safdar Yongsung Kim Department of Computer Science UETTaxilaPakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadAttock CampusAttockPakistan Department of Technology Education Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Korea

Currently,worldwide industries and communities are concerned with building,expanding,and exploring the assets and resources found in the oceans and *** precisely,to analyze a stock,archaeology,and surveillance,sev-eral cameras are installed underseas to collect ***,on the other hand,these large size videos require a lot of time and memory for their processing to extract relevant ***,to automate this manual procedure of video assessment,an accurate and efﬁcient automated system is a greater *** this perspective,we intend to present a complete framework solution for the task of video summarization and object detection in underwater *** employed a perceived motion energy(PME)method toﬁrst extract the keyframes followed by an object detection model approach namely YoloV3 to perform object detection in underwater *** issues of blurriness and low contrast in underwater images are also taken into account in the presented approach by applying the image enhancement ***,the suggested framework of underwater video summarization and object detection has been evaluated on a publicly available brackish *** is observed that the proposed framework shows good performance and hence ultimately assists several marine researchers or scientists related to theﬁeld of underwater archaeology,stock assessment,and surveillance.

关键词： Computer vision deep learning digital image processing underwater video analysis video summarization object detection YOLOV3

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Binary phase solid-state photopolymerization of acrylates： design, characterization and biomineralization of 3D scaffolds for tissue engineering

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2017年第4期11卷 307-317页

作者： Inamullah MAITLO safdar ALI Muhammad Yasir AKRAM Farooq Khurum SHEHZAD Jun NIE State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering & Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China

Porous polymer scaffolds designed by the cryogel method are attractive materials for a range of tissue engineering applications. However, the use of toxic cross- linker for retaining the pore structure limits their clinical applications. In this research, acrylates （HEA/PEGDA, HEMA/PEGDA and PEGDA） were used in the low-temperature solid-state photopolymerization to produce porous scaffolds with good structural retention. The morphology, pore diameter, mineral deposition and water absorption of the scaffold were characterized by SEM and water absorption test respectively. Elemental analysis and cytotoxicity of the biomineralized scaffold were revealed by using XRD and MTT assay test. The PEGDA-derived scaffold showed good water absorption ability and a higher degree of porosity with larger pore size compared to others. XRD patterns and IR results confirmed the formation of hydroxyapatite crystals from an alternative socking process. The overall cell proliferation was excellent, where PEGDA-derived scaffold had the highest and the most uniform cell growth, while HEMAJPEGDA scaffold showed the least. These results suggest that the cell proliferation and adhesion are directly proportional to the pore size, the shape and the porosity of scaffolds.

关键词： binary phase solid-state photopolymerization phase separation tissue engineering biomineralization MTT

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Growth and yield of rice as affected by transplanting dates and seedlings per hill under high temperature of Dera Ismail khan, Pakistan

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2006年第7期7卷 572-579页

作者： BALOCH Mohammad safdar AWAN Inayat Ullah HASSAN Gul Agricultural Research Institute Dera Ismail Khan 29050 NWFP Pakistan Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan 29050 NWFP Pakistan Department of Weed Science NWFP Agricultural University Peshawar 25130 NWFP Pakistan

Studies were initiated for two consecutive years to find out the effect of time of transplanting and seedlings hill^-l on the productivity of rice in Dera Ismail khan district of North West Frontier Province （NWFP）, Pakistan. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with split plot arrangements. Main plots consisted of four transplanting dates viz. 20th and 27th of June and 4th and 1 lth of July while sub-plots contained 1, 2, 3 or 4 seedlings hill^-1. Among transplanting dates, June 20th planted crop gave highest paddy yield and net return with I seedling hill^-1. It explains that the use of more seedlings hill^-1 not only adds to cost but is also a mere wastage of natural resources. Based on research findings, we conclude that the use of I seedling hill^-1 is most appropriate for timely sowing otherwise 4 seedlings hill^-1 should be used to compensate for the yield gap in late transplanted rice.

关键词： Rice Transplanting time Seedlings Yield Leaf area index Net assimilation rate

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Effect of seedling age and water depth on morphological and physiological aspects of transplanted rice under high temperature

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2005年第5期6卷 389-395页

作者： KHAKWANI Abdul Aziz SHIRAISHI Masaaki ZUBAIR Muhammad BALOCH Mohammad safdar NAVEED Khalid AWAN Inayatullah Agricultural Research Institute Dera Ismail Khan NWFP PakistanJapan International Cooperation Agency Tsukuba International Centre Tsukuba Ibaraki JapanAgricultural Research Institute Dera Ismail Khan NWFP PakistanAgricultural Research Institute Dera Ismail Khan NWFP PakistanAgricultural Research Institute Dera Ismail Khan NWFP PakistanFaculty of Agriculture Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan NWFP Pakistan

To study the effect of high temperature, rice seedlings 20, 30, 40 and 50 d were kept at 5, 10, 15 and 20 cm water depth in a water pool. Meteorological findings indicated that water temperature varied up to 10 cm but became stable below this depth. Deep water inflicted higher tiller mortality, minimal increase in dry weight of aerial parts and leaf area, decrease in root length, and decrease in root dry weight especially at 20 cm water depth and produced an unbalanced T/R ratio (top versus root dry weight). However, deep water tended to increase plant length. These parameters, however, excel in shallow water. Older seedlings, with the exception of root dry weight, could not perform well compared to young seedlings in all physiological and morphological aspects. The study revealed that seedlings, particularly young ones, stand well in shallow water and can cope with high temperature.

关键词： Rice High temperature Seedling age Water depth

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工艺参数设置和厚度对电子束熔融加工Ti-6Al-4V合金微观结构的影响

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稀有金属材料与工程 2021年第2期50卷 408-415页

作者：贺怀志 safdar Adnan 魏鎏英马尔默大学材料科学学院瑞典马尔默SE-20506 哈尔滨工业大学先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室黑龙江哈尔滨150001 哈尔滨电气集团有限公司中央研究院黑龙江哈尔滨150028

研究了试件尺寸和工艺参数(电子束强度,扫描速度,焦点偏移量和扫描长度)对电子束熔融(EBM)加工Ti-6Al-4V合金微观结构的影响。结果表明,可以观察到EBM加工的Ti-6Al-4V合金的微观结构由原始β相的柱状晶粒组成。在柱状晶粒内部观察到典型... 详细信息

研究了试件尺寸和工艺参数(电子束强度,扫描速度,焦点偏移量和扫描长度)对电子束熔融(EBM)加工Ti-6Al-4V合金微观结构的影响。结果表明,可以观察到EBM加工的Ti-6Al-4V合金的微观结构由原始β相的柱状晶粒组成。在柱状晶粒内部观察到典型的(α+β)结构,即魏氏体α片和在细小的α晶粒的界面上形成的杆状β相。还发现沿原始β柱状晶粒的晶界形成的α层晶界。随着试件厚度、电子束能量密度和扫描长度的增加,先前的β柱状晶粒的直径增大,并且生长的方向与加工方向一致。同时,柱状晶粒直径随着试件高度的增加而减小。随着试件厚度和电子束能量密度的增加,α片会变得更粗大。

关键词： Ti-6Al-4V 电子束熔融工艺参数

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Sign Language to Sentence Formation:A Real Time Solution for Deaf People

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 2501-2519页

作者： Muhammad Sanaullah Muhammad Kashif Babar Ahmad Tauqeer safdar Mehdi Hassan Mohd Hilmi Hasan Amir Haider Bahauddin Zakariya University Department of Computer ScienceMultan60000Pakistan Air University Department of Computer ScienceMultan60000Pakistan Air University Department of Computer ScienceIslamabad44000Pakistan Centre for Research in Data Science Department of Computer and Information SciencesUniversiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610PerakMalaysia Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea

Communication is a basic need of every human being to exchange thoughts and interact with the *** peoples usually confab through different spoken languages,whereas deaf people cannot do ***,the Sign Language(SL)is the communication medium of such people for their conversation and interaction with the *** SL is expressed in terms of specific gesture for every word and a gesture is consisted in a sequence of performed *** acute people normally observe these signs to understand the difference between single and multiple gestures for singular and plural words *** signs for singular words such as I,eat,drink,home are unalike the plural words as school,cars,players.A special training is required to gain the sufficient knowledge and practice so that people can differentiate and understand every gesture/sign *** researches have been performed to articulate the computer-based solution to understand the single gesture with the help of a single hand *** complete understanding of such communications are possible only with the help of this differentiation of gestures in computer-based solution of SL to cope with the real world ***,there is still a demand for specific environment to automate such a communication solution to interact with such type of special *** research focuses on facilitating the deaf community by capturing the gestures in video format and then mapping and differentiating as single or multiple gestures used in ***,these are converted into the respective words/sentences within a reasonable *** provide a real time solution for the deaf people to communicate and interact with the society.

关键词： Sign language machine learning conventional neural network image processing deaf community

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A Real-Time Automatic Translation of Text to Sign Language

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 2471-2488页

作者： Muhammad Sanaullah Babar Ahmad Muhammad Kashif Tauqeer safdar Mehdi Hassan Mohd Hilmi Hasan Norshakirah Aziz Department of Computer Science Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Air UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Centre for Research in Data Science Department of Computer and Information SciencesUniversitiTeknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610PerakMalaysia

Communication is a basic need of every human being;by this,they can learn,express their feelings and exchange their ideas,but deaf people cannot listen and *** communication,they use various hands gestures,also known as Sign Language(SL),which they learn from special *** normal people have not taken SL classes;therefore,they are unable to perform signs of daily routine sentences(e.g.,what are the specifications of this mobile phone?).A technological solution can facilitate in overcoming this communication gap by which normal people can communicate with deaf *** paper presents an architecture for an application named Sign4PSL that translates the sentences to Pakistan Sign Language(PSL)for deaf people with visual representation using virtual signing *** research aims to develop a generic independent application that is lightweight and reusable on any platform,including web and mobile,with an ability to perform offline text *** Sign4PSL relies on a knowledge base that stores both corpus of PSL Words and their coded form in the notation ***4PSL takes English language text as an input,performs the translation to PSL through sign language notation and displays gestures to the user using virtual *** system is tested on deaf students at a special *** results have shown that the students were able to understand the story presented to them appropriately.

关键词： Sign language sign markup language deaf communication hamburg notations machine translation

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