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Epidemiology andinteractions of Human Immunodeficiency Virus - 1 and Schistosoma mansoni in sub-SaharanAfrica

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2013年第1期2卷 6-16页

作者： Humphrey D mazigo Fred Nuwaha Shona Wilson safari m kinunghi Domenica morona Rebecca Waihenya Jorg Heukelbach David W Dunne Department of medical Parasitology and Entomology School of MedicineCathollc University of Health and Aled SclencesP.O.Box 1464MwanzaTanzanla Department of Environmental Health and Communicable Disease Control School of Public HealthCollege of Health SclencesMakerere UniversiyP.O.Box 7072KampalaUganda National Institute for medical.Research Mwanza Research CentreP.Q.Box 1462MwanzaTanzanla Department of Pathology University of CambidgeTennis Court RoadCambridge CB21OPUK Department of Zoology Faculty of SclenceJomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and TechnologyP.O.Box ***NairobiKenya Department of Community Health School of MedicineFederal University of CearaCearaBail

Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1/AIDS and Schis tosoma mansoni are widespread in sub Saharan Africa and co-infection occurs *** the early 1990s,it has been suggested that the two infections may interact and potentiate the effects of each other within co-infected human ***,S mansoni infection has been suggested to be a risk factor for HIV transmission and progression in *** so,it would follow that mass deworming could have beneficial effects on HIV-1 transmission *** epidemiology of HIV in African countries is changing,shifting from urban to rural areas where the prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni is high and public health services are *** the other side,the consequent pathogenesis of HIV-1/*** co-infection remains *** we give an account of the epidemiology of HIV-1 and ***,discuss co-infection and possible biological causal relationships between the two infections,and the potential impact of praziquantel treatment on HIV-1 viral loads,CD4^(+) counts and CD4^(+)/CD8^(+) *** review of the available literature indicates that there is evidence to support the hypothesis that *** infections can influence the replication of the HIV-1,cel-to-cell transmission,as well as increase HIV progression as measured by reduced CD4^(+) T lymphocytes *** so,then deworming of HIV positive individuals living in endemic areas may impact on HV-1 viral loads and CD4^(+) T lymphocyte counts.

关键词： Schitosoma mansoni HIV-1 Co-infections Immunological interactions Deworming

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Local Energy Dissipation/Transition in Field Effect molecular Nanoelectronic Systems:a Quantum mechanical methodology

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2019年第4期71卷 441-454页

作者： Reza safari Hassan Sabzyan Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Qom Department of Chemistry University of Isfahan

Electronic and vibrational intra-molecular thermoelectric-like ?gures of merit(ZT_γ~m) are introduced for single molecule nanoelectronic system, using quantum theory of atoms in molecule. These ?gures of merit are used to describe intra-molecular or local energy dissipation/transition(as in Joule-like, Peltier-like, and Thomson-like effects) in?eld effect molecular devices. The ZT_γ~m?gures of merit are computed for two proposed molecular devices. Analysis of the results shows that ZT_γ~mdepends almost non-linearly on the electric ?eld(EF) strength. Also, the intra-molecular Joule-like heating plays a dominant role in the local energy dissipation, and intra-molecular Thomson-like heating is generally larger than the intra-molecular Peltier-like heating. Introduction of ZT_γ~mcan be applied to extend the analysis of thermoelectric heating down to molecular and intra-molecular levels, and thus can be used to predict characteristics and performance of any candidate multi-terminal or multi-pole molecular systems prior to their application in real nanoelectronic circuits.

关键词： intra-molecularheattransfer local energy dissipation fieldeffect molecular device nanoelectronic devices QTAIm

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Design of hybrid damping controller based on multi-target gravitational search optimization algorithm in a multi-machine power system with high penetration of PV park

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Journal of Central South University 2016年第5期23卷 1163-1175页

作者： Y.Hashemi H.Shayeghi m.moradzadeh A.safari Technical Engineering Department University of Mohaghegh Ardabili Centre of Excellence for Power System Automation and Operation Department of Electrical EngineeringIran University of Science and Technology Centre for Engineering Innovation Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Windsor Electrical Energy Laboratory Department of Electrical EnergySystems and AutomationGhent University Department of Electrical Engineering Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University

A mathematical approach was proposed to investigate the impact of high penetration of large-scale photovoltaic park(LPP) on small-signal stability of a power network and design of hybrid controller for these units.A systematic procedure was performed to obtain the complete model of a multi-machine power network including *** damping of oscillations focusing on inter-area oscillatory modes,a hybrid controller for LPP was *** performance of the suggested controller was tested using a 16-machine 5-area *** results indicate that the proposed hybrid controller for LPP provides sufficient damping to the low-frequency modes of power system for a wide range of operating *** method presented in this work effectively indentifies the impact of increased PV penetration and its controller on dynamic performance of multi-machine power network containing *** results demonstrate that the model presented can be used in designing of essential controllers for LPP.

关键词： hybrid controller multi-objective optimization large-scale photovoltaic park small-signal scrutiny

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Ensemble Wind Power Prediction Interval with Optimal Reserve Requirement

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Journal of modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第1期12卷 65-76页

作者： Hamid Rezaie Cheuk Hei Chung Nima safari the Saskatchewan Power Corporation(SaskPower) ReginaSaskatchewanCanada the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Department of Human Biology University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 3G4Canada the Alberta Electric System Operator(AESO) CalgaryAlbertaCanada

Wind power prediction interval(WPPI)models in the literature have predominantly been developed for and tested on specific case ***,wind behavior and characteristics can vary significantly across ***,a prediction model that performs well in one case might underperform in *** address this shortcoming,this paper proposes an ensemble WPPI framework that integrates multiple WPPI models with distinct characteristics to improve *** important and often overlooked factor is the role of probabilistic wind power prediction(WPP)in quantifying wind power uncertainty,which should be handled by operating *** reserve in WPPI frameworks enhances the efficacy of *** this regard,the proposed framework employs a novel bi-layer optimization approach that takes both WPPI quality and reserve requirements into *** analysis with different real-world datasets and various benchmark models validates the quality of the obtained WPPIs while resulting in more optimal reserve requirements.

关键词： Ensemble model linear programming operating reserve optimal reserve requirement prediction interval probabilistic prediction renewable integration uncertainty representation wind power prediction(WPP)

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Secure Probabilistic Prediction of Dynamic Thermal Line Rating

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Journal of modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第2期10卷 378-387页

作者： N.safari S.m.mazhari C.Y.Chung S.B.Ko Grid Operations Support SaskPower.ReginaSKS4P 0S1Canada the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKS7N 5A9Canada

Accurate short-term prediction of overhead line(OHL)transmission ampacity can directly affect the efficiency of power system operation and *** overcstiniation of the dynamic thermal line rating(DTLR)can lead to the lifetime degradation and failure of OHLs,safety hazards,*** paper presents a secure yet sharp probabilistic model for the hour-ahead prediction of the *** security of the proposed DTLR limits the frequency of DTLR prediction exceeding the actual *** model is based on an augmented deep learning architecture that makes use of a wide range of predictors,including historical climatology data and latent variables obtained during DTLR ***,by introducing a customized cost function,the deep neural network is trained to consider the DTLR security based on the required probability of exceedance while minimizing the deviations of the predicted DTLRs from the actual *** proposed probabilistic DTLR is developed and verified using recorded experimental *** simulation results validate the superiority of the proposed DTLR compared with the state-of-the-art prediction models using well-known evaluation metrics.

关键词： Deep neural network dynamic thermal line rating overhead line prediction recurrent neural network

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Praziquantel efficacy against Schistosoma mansoni among HIV-1 infected and uninfected adults living in fishing villages along Lake Victoria, Northwest Tanzania

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2014年第1期3卷 440-448,439页

作者： Humphrey D mazigo David W Dunne safari m Kinung’hi Fred Nuwaha Department of medical Parasitology and Entomology School of MedicineCatholic University of Health and Allied SciencesP.O.Box 1464MwanzaTanzania Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health School of Public HealthCollege of Health SciencesMakerere UniversityP.O.Box 7072KampalaUganda Department of Pathology Division of Microbiology and ParasitologyCambridge UniversityTennis Court RoadCambridge CB21QPUK National Institute for medical Research Mwanza Research CentreP.O.Box 1462 MwanzaTanzania

Background:Animal studies have demonstrated that functional immune responses,as determined by the levels of CD4+cell counts and anti-schistosome antibodies responses,determine the efficacy of *** on this evidence,it has been hypothesised that the immunodeficiency effects of the human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-1 infection may affect the efficacy of praziquantel in co-infected human ***,the present study assessed the efficacy of praziquantel by comparing parasitological cure rates and the reduction in infection intensity in HIV-1 seronegative individuals infected with *** and HIV-1 seropositive individuals co-infected with ***,following treatment with a single oral dose of ***:This was a prospective longitudinal study which included,at baseline,555 *** infected adults aged 21-55 years,who were either co-infected or not with HIV-1 and who lived in fishing villages along Lake Victoria in Northwest *** individuals were treated with a single oral dose of praziquantel(40 mg/kg)and,at 12 weeks,single stool samples were obtained and examined for *** eggs using the Kato-Katz *** prick and venous blood samples were collected for HIV-1 screening and CD4+cell ***:The parasitological cure rate did not differ significantly from the HIV-1 serostatus(P=0.12):among the co-infected individuals,the cure rate was 48.3%(14/29),and among the individuals infected only with ***,the cure rate was 62.6%(329/526).The egg reduction rate did not vary with the HIV-1 serostatus(P=0.22):77.22%for HIV-1 seronegative and 75%for HIV-1 seropositive *** level of CD4^(+) cell counts(median 228 cells/μL:range 202-380 cells)did not influence the cure rate(P=0.23)or the reduction in the intensity of the infection(P=0.37).Conclusion:The HIV-1 infection per se or its moderate immunodeficiency effects,demonstrated by the range of CD4^(+) cell counts observed in co-infected individuals,d

关键词： HIV-1 S.mansoni Co-infection Praziquantel Efficacy Tanzania

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Classification and assessment of rock mass parameters in Choghart iron mine using P-wave velocity

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Journal of Rock mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第2期9卷 318-328页

作者： mohammadreza Hemmati Nourani mohsen Taheri moghadder mohsen safari Department of mining and metallurgy Yazd UniversityYazdIran Department of mining Engineering Shahid Bahonar University of KermanKermanIran Department of mining Engineering Birjand University of TechnologyBirjandIran

Engineering rock mass classification,based on empirical relations between rock mass parameters and engineering applications,is commonly used in rock engineering and forms the basis for designing rock *** basic data required may be obtained from visual observation and laboratory or field ***,owing to the discontinuous and variable nature of rock masses,it is difficult for rock engineers to directly obtain the specific design parameters *** an alternative,the use of geophysical methods in geomechanics such as seismography may largely address this *** this study,25 seismic profiles with the total length of 543 m have been scanned to determine the geomechanical properties of the rock mass in blocks Ⅰ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ-2 of the Choghart iron ***,rock joint measurements and sampling for laboratory tests were *** results show that the rock mass rating（RmR） and Q values have a close relation with P-wave velocity parameters,including P-wave velocity in field(V;).P-wave velocity in the laboratory(V;) and the ratio of V;V;(i.e.K;= V;/V;.However,Q value,totally,has greater correlation coefficient and less error than the RmR,In addition,rock mass parameters including rock quality designation（RQD）,uniaxial compressive strength（UCS）,joint roughness coefficient（JRC） and Schmidt number（RN） show close relationship with P-wave *** equation based on these parameters was obtained to estimate the P-wave velocity in the rock mass with a correlation coefficient of 91%.The velocities in two orthogonal directions and the results of joint study show that the wave velocity anisotropy in rock mass may be used as an efficient tool to assess the strong and weak directions in rock mass.

关键词： Rock mass classification P-wave velocity Q system Rock mass rating(RmR) Geophysical methods

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Qualitative Land Suitability Evaluation for main Irrigated Crops in the Shahrekord Plain, Iran: A Geostatistical Approach Compared with Conventional method

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Pedosphere 2013年第6期23卷 767-778页

作者： Y.safari I.ESFANDIARPOUR-BOROUJENI A.KAmALI m.H.SALEHI m.BAGHERI-BODAGHABADI College of Agriculture Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan Department of Soil Science College of AgricultureVali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan Department of Soil Science College of AgricultureShahrekord University

The purity of soil map units and their quality for various uses like land suitability evaluation are always *** main objective of this study was to compare the precision of qualitative land suitability classification based on geostatistical and conventional soil mapping methods for main irrigated crops in the Shahrekord Plain,Central Iran.A regular grid sampling method consisting 104sample points was designed and soil samples were *** kriged maps were achieved for all studied soil attributes after physico-chemical ***,to combine kriged maps and ecological requirements of the studied crops,a script was designed in ILWIS 3.4 software and consequently,kriged qualitative land suitability maps were *** qualitative land suitability was also mapped based on the representative pedon analysis in each soil map ***,comparison of the conventional and kriged maps was carried out using the statistical method,error *** results showed that the overall accuracies of wheat,sugar beet,potato and alfalfa maps were 39.8%,24.3%,18.7%and 18.6%at subclass category,respectively,whereas these values increased to80.9%,82.3%,23.7%and 82.3%at class level,***,it can be stated that thanks to the relative facility of conventional soil survey compared with geostatistical methods,this method can be expressed as a preferable way for handling a usual land suitability evaluation design;but using soil map units as land suitability delineations may lead to unsatisfactory results in estimation of quantity and type of existing limitations.

关键词： land use planning ordinary kriging representative pedon soil variability

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Water Repellency in Calcareous Soils Under Different Land Uses in Western Iran

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Pedosphere 2014年第3期24卷 378-390页

作者： P.AELAmANESH m.R.mOSADDEGHI A.A.mAHBOUBI B.AHRENS A.A.safari SINEGANI Department of Soil Science College of Agriculture Bu-Ali Sina University Department of Soil Science College of Agriculture Isfahan University of Technology School of Engineering University of Guelph Department of Geography University of Guelph

Soil wettability and water repellency, two important soil physical properties, play an important role in water retention and water conductivity in arid and semi-arid regions. To date, there is a lack of information on soil water repellency in calcareous soils of western lran. In this study, soil water repellency and its affecting factors were studied using 20 soil series collected from Hamadan Province~ western Iran. The effects of soil properties including organic carbon content （SOC）, total nitrogen （TN）, C：N ratio, texture, CaCO3 content, and both fungal and bacterial activities on water repellency were investigated using air-dried, oven-dried and heated soil samples. Water repellency index （WRI） was determined using the short-time sorptivity （water/ethanol） method. To distinguish the actual effects of SOC, a set of soil samples were heated at 300 ~C to remove SOC and then WRI was measured on the heated samples. Relative water repellency index （RWRI） was defined as the change of WRI due to heating relative to the oven-dry WRI value. Results of the WRI values showed that the soils were sub-critically water-repellent. Pasture soils had higher WRI values compared to tilled soils, resulting from high SOC and TN, and high activities of bacteria and fungi. It was observed that SOC, TN, fungal activity, and SOC：clay ratio had significant positive impacts on WRI. Strong positive correlations of RWRI with SOC, TN and fungal activity were also observed. Pedotransfer functions derived for predicting WRI showed that the WRI values had an increasing trend with the increases in fungal activity, salinity, alkalinity and fine clay content, but showed a decreasing trend with increasing bacterial activity.

关键词： calcareous soils pedotransfer functions soil sorptivity soil wettability water repellency index

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Ensemble and optimized hybrid algorithms through Runge Kutta optimizer for sewer sediment transport modeling using a data pre-processing approach

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第6期38卷 847-858页

作者： Enes Gul mir Jafar Sadegh safari Omer Faruk Dursun Gokmen Tayfur Department of Civil Engineering Inonu University Department of Civil Engineering Yasar University Department of Civil Engineering Izmir Institute of Technology

Uncontrolled sediment deposition in drainage and sewer systems raises unexpected maintenance *** this end,implementation of an accurate model relying on effective parameters involved is a reliable *** this study,three machine learning techniques,namely extreme learning machine(ELm),multilayer perceptron neural network(mLPNN),and m5P model tree(m5PmT);and three optimization approaches of Runge Kutta(RUN),genetic algorithm(GA),and particle swarm optimization(PSO) are applied for *** optimization and ensemble hybridization approaches are applied in the modeling *** the case of hybrid optimized models,the ELm and mLPNN models are hybridized with RUN,GA,and PSO algorithms to develop six hybrid models of ELm-RUN,ELm-GA,ELmPSO,mLPNN-RUN,mLPNN-GA,and *** hybrid models are developed through coupling the ELm and mLPNN models with the m5PmT *** data pre-processing approach is applied to find the best randomness characteristic of the utilized *** illustrate that the RUNbased hybrid models outperform the GA-and PSO-based *** the mLPNN-RUN and mLPNN-m5PmT hybrid models generate better results than their alternatives,mLPNN-m5PmT slightly outperforms mLPNN-RUN model with a coefficient of determination of 0.84 and a root mean square error of *** current study shows the superiority of the ensemble-based approach to the optimization *** investigation is needed by considering alternative optimization techniques to enhance sediment transport modeling.

关键词： Ensemble learning Hybrid model machine learning Open channels Sediment transport Sewer pipes

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