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Modular-integrative modeling: a new framework for building brain models that blend biological realism and functional performance

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National Science Review 2024年第05期 13-16页

作者： Mario Senden sacha j.van albada Giovanni Pezzulo Egidio Falotico Ibrahim Hashim Alexander Kroner Anno C.Kurth Pablo Lanillos Vaishnavi Narayanan Cyriel Pennartz Mihai A.Petrovici Lea Steffen Tonio Weidler Rainer Goebel Department of Cognitive Neuroscience Maastricht University Maastricht Brain Imaging Centre Maastricht University Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine(INM-6) and Institute for Advanced Simulation(IAS-6) and jARA-Institut Brain Structure-Function Relationships(INM-10) Jülich Research Center Institute of Zoology University of Cologne Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies The Bio Robotics Institute Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna RWTH Aachen University Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and BehaviorRadboud University Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience Group Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences University of Amsterdam Department of Physiology University of Bern FZI Research Center of Information Technology

To cope with the immense complexity of the brain, neuroscientific research often focuses on isolated brain structures or circumscribed perceptual, cognitive or motor functions [1]. This reductionist approach overlooks the intricate and multifaceted interplay among various structural and functional *** instance, even simple movements require the coordinated activation of numerous neuronal populations across multiple brain regions [2].

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Quantification of changes in zero valent iron morphology using X-ray computed tomography

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第11期25卷 2344-2351页

作者： Ping Luo Elizabeth H.Bailey sacha j.Mooney Division of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences School of Biosciences University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington CampusSutton Bonington

Morphological changes within the porous architecture of laboratory scale zero valent iron （ZVI） permeable reactive barriers （PRBs）, after exposure to different groundwater conditions, have been quantified experimentally for different ZVI/sand ratios （10%, 50% and 100%, W/W） with the aim of inferring porosity changes in field barriers. Column studies were conducted to simulate interaction with different water chemistries, a synthetic groundwater, acidic drainage and deionised （DI） water as control. Morphological changes, in terms of pore size and distribution, were measured using X-ray computed tomography （CT）. CT image analysis revealed significant morphological changes in columns treated with different water chemistries. For example, 100% ZVI （W/W） columns had a higher frequency of small pores （0.6 mm） was observed in ZVI grains reacted with typical groundwater, resulting in a porosity of 27%, compared to 32% when exposed to DI water. In comparison, ZVI grains treated with the acidic drainage had higher porosity （44%） and larger average pore size （2.8 mm）. 10% ZVI PRB barrier material had the highest mean porosity （56%） after exposure to any water chemistry whilst 100% ZVI （W/W） columns always had the lowest （34%） with the 50% ZVI （W/W） in between （40%）. These results agree with previously published PRB field data and simultaneously conducted geochemical monitoring and mass balance calculation, indicating that both the geochemical and hydraulic environment of the PRB play an important role in determining barrier lifespan. This study suggests that X-ray CT image analysis is a powerful tool for studying the detailed inter pores between ZVI grains within PRBs.

关键词： porosity change X-ray computer tomography mass balance permeable reactive barrier zero valent iron acidic drainage typical groundwater pore-clogging

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Landscape effects on the thermotolerance of carabid beetles and the role of behavioral thermoregulation

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Insect Science 2023年第1期30卷 251-263页

作者： Luck Alford sacha Roudine jean-Sébastien Pierre Francoise Burel joan van Baaren UMR 6553 ECOBIO Universitede Rennes 1Rennes CedexFrance School of Biological Sciences Universityof BristolBristolUK

Physiological thermotolerance and behavioral thermoregulation are central to seasonal cold adaptation in ectothermic *** species with enhanced mobility,behavioral responses may be of greater importance in the cold stress *** the carabid beetles as a study organism,the current study compared physiological thermotolerance and behavioral thermoregulation in carabid species inhabiting cereal fields in different landscape contexts,from fine grain heterogeneous“complex”landscapes to homogenous“simple”*** thermotolerance was determined via measurement of the CTmin and chill coma *** responses to cold temperature exposure were determined employing a purpose built arena,and thoracic temperature measured to estimate the efficacy of the behavior as a form of behavioral *** revealed an influence of landscape composition on the cold tolerance of carabid beetles,although species differed in their sensitivity to landscape intensification.A reduced effect of landscape on the thermotolerance of larger carabid beetles was observed,thought to be the consequence of greater mobility preventing local acclimation to microclimatic variation along the landscape intensification *** into behavioral thermoregulation of the 3 largest species revealed burrowing behavior to be the main behavioral response to cold stress,acting to significantly raise carabid body *** finding highlights the importance of behavioral thermoregulation as a strategy to evade cold *** use of behavioral thermoregulation may negate the need to invest in physiological thermotolerance,further offering explanation for the lack of landscape effect on the physiological thermotolerance of larger carabids.

关键词： agroecosystems local adaptation physiological thermal tolerance plasticity winter resistance

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Through-needle all-optical ultrasound imaging in vivo: a preclinical swine study

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Light(Science & Applications) 2017年第1期6卷 70-76页

作者： Malcolm C Finlay Charles A Mosse Richard j Colchester sacha Noimark Edward Z Zhang Sebastien Ourselin Paul C Beard Richard j Schilling Ivan P Parkin Ioannis Papakonstantinou Adrien E Desjardins William Harvey Cardiovascular Research Institute Queen Mary University of London and Barts Heart CentreLondon EC1A 7BEUK Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences University College LondonCharles Bell House67-73 Riding House StreetLondon W1W 7EJUK UCL Centre for Materials Research Department of ChemistryUniversity College LondonLondon WC1H 0AJUK Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University College LondonLondon WC1E 7JEUK

High-frequency ultrasound imaging can provide exquisite visualizations of tissue to guide minimally invasive ***,we demonstrate that an all-optical ultrasound transducer,through which light guided by optical fibers is used to generate and receive ultrasound,is suitable for real-time invasive medical imaging in ***-bandwidth ultrasound generation was achieved through the photoacoustic excitation of a multiwalled carbon nanotube-polydimethylsiloxane composite coating on the distal end of a 300-μm multi-mode optical fiber by a pulsed *** interrogation of a high-finesse Fabry–Pérot cavity on a single-mode optical fiber by a wavelength-tunable continuous-wave laser was applied for ultrasound *** transducer was integrated within a custom inner transseptal needle(diameter 1.08 mm;length 78 cm)that included a metallic septum to acoustically isolate the two optical *** use of this needle within the beating heart of a pig provided unprecedented realtime views(50 Hz scan rate)of cardiac tissue(depth:2.5 cm;axial resolution:64μm)and revealed the critical anatomical structures required to safely perform a transseptal crossing:the right and left atrial walls,the right atrial appendage,and the limbus fossae *** new paradigm will allow ultrasound imaging to be integrated into a broad range of minimally invasive devices in different clinical contexts.

关键词： cardiac medical devices optoacoustic photoacoustic ultrasound

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Integration of a Dual GPS and ISM Antenna PIFA in a Human Body Patch for Elderly Tracking

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Open journal of Antennas and Propagation 2016年第2期4卷 34-45页

作者： B. Hajjine C. Escriba P. Acco G. Soto Romero E. Campo D. Filhol A. Gaudon L. Bories j. Y. Fourniols LAAS-CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS INSA UT2J Toulouse France ISIFC-Génie Biomédical Université de Franche Comté Besan&ccedilon France Telecom Design Company Canéjan France SIGFOX Company Labège France Pôle de médecine et spécialités médicales Centre Hospitalier du Val d’Ariège Foix France

This paper introduces the development of two Printed Inverted F Antennas (PIFA) to be integrated in a patch worn on the back of human body. This study is part of sacha project (Search And Computerize Human Acts) whose main aim is to design a tracking device for monitoring the elderly suffering from Alzheimer disease. The first antenna frequency is 868 MHz and will be used to communicate with a specific SIGFOX communication technology. A second frequency (1575.42 MHz) is used for GPS geolocation. The proposed development is a part of research in Human Health Monitoring field, based on the monitoring of the behavior, the location and the position of the patient, and could deeply help the medical team or family to instantly respond through a warning generation.

关键词： Alzheimer PIFA Patch GPS Tracking Falls Elderly

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