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Adaptive dynamic range shift (ADRIFT) quantitative phase imaging

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第1期10卷 19-28页

作者： Keiichiro toda Miu Tamamitsu Takuro Ideguchi Department of Physics The University of TokyoTokyo 113-0033Japan Institute for Photon Science and Technology The University of TokyoTokyo 113-0033Japan PRESTO Japan Science and Technology AgencySaitama 332-0012Japan

Quantitative phase imaging(QPI)with its high-contrast images of optical phase delay(OPD)maps is often used for label-free single-cell *** to other imaging methods,sensitivity improvement has not been intensively explored because conventional QPI is sensitive enough to observe the surface roughness of a substrate that restricts the minimum measurable ***,emerging QPI techniques that utilize,for example,differential image analysis of consecutive temporal frames,such as mid-infrared photothermal QPI,mitigate the minimum OPD limit by decoupling the static OPD contribution and allow measurement of much smaller ***,we propose and demonstrate supersensitive QPI with an expanded dynamic *** is enabled by adaptive dynamic range shift through a combination of wavefront shaping and dark-field QPI *** a proof-of-concept demonstration,we show dynamic range expansion(sensitivity improvement)of QPI by a factor of 6.6 and its utility in improving the sensitivity of mid-infrared photothermal *** technique can also be applied for wide-field scattering imaging of dynamically changing nanoscale objects inside and outside a biological cell without losing global cellular morphological image information.

关键词： scattering dynamic phase

Validation and Application of Skeletochronology for Age Determination of the Ryukyu Ground Gecko, Goniurosaurus kuroiwae(Squamata: Eublepharidae)

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Asian Herpetological Research 2013年第4期4卷 233-241页

作者： Takaki KURITA Mamoru toda Graduate School of Engineering and Science University of the Ryukyus Tropical Biosphere Research Center University of the Ryukyus

Skeletochronology is a method commonly used for estimating the age of amphibians and reptiles in the wild. However, the number of lines of arrested growth （LAGs） does not necessarily reflect age in some species. We validated the applicability of this method to an endangered eublepharid gecko, Goniurosaurus kuroiwae, then inferred its longevity and age structures in wild populations. We classified young geckos into three groups using previously published data for early growth： Group 1 contained hatchlings before the first winter, Group 2 contained hatchlings after the first win- ter, and Group 3 included yearlings after the second winter. LAG numbers in these groups were then compared. All individuals in Group 1 possessed a single LAG, which was considered as a hatching line. Most individuals in Groups 2 and 3 possessed one and two additional LAGs, respectively （LAG1 and LAG2）, corroborating the notion that LAGs are formed annually. A few geckos exhibited fewer LAGs than expected. Analysis of variations in LAG and marrow cavity diameter demonstrated that in animals with fewer LAGs, endosteal resorption or fusion of hatching line and LAG1 had occurred. LAG2 was never lost by endosteal resorption and was identifiable by its diameter. Thus, the age of adult geckos could be determined by counting LAGs outward from LAG2. Application of this method to wild populations re- vealed that the longevity of this species is not less than 83 months, but that almost all individuals in fragmented habitats die before 50 months, suggesting lower population sustainability in such habitats.

关键词： age structure endosteal resorption hatching line longevity rapprochement Ryukyu Archipelago

Coulomb Stress Evolution History as Implication on the Pattern of Strong Earthquakes along the Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang Fault System, China

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Journal of Earth Science 2018年第2期29卷 427-440页

作者： Bing Yan Shinji toda Aiming Lin School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University Department of Geophysics Graduate School of Science Kyoto University International Research Institute of Disaster Science Tohoku University

Coulomb stress accumulation and releasing history and its relationship with the occur- rence of strong historical earthquakes could deepen our understanding of the occurrence pattern of strong earthquakes and hence its seismic potential in future. The sinistral strike-slip Xianshuihe- Xiaojiang fault zone （XXFS） is one of the most dangerous fault zones in China, extending 1 500-km- long from the central Tibetan Plateau to the Red River fault zone. There are 35 M≥6.5 historical earth- quakes occurred since 1327, hence it is an ideal site for studying the Coulomb stress evolution history and its relationship with the occurrences of strong earthquakes. In this study, we evaluated the Cou- lomb stress change history along the XXFS by synthesizing fault geometry, GPS data and historical earthquakes. Coulomb stress change history also revealed different patterns of historical earthquakes on different segments of the XXFS, such as characteristic recurrence intervals along the Salaha-Moxi fault and super-cycles along the Xianshuihe fault. Based on the occurrence pattern of past historical earthquakes and current Coulomb stress field obtained in this study, we suggest positive ACFS and hence high seismic potential along the Salaha-Moxi fault and the Anninghe fault.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault system Coulomb stress triggering theory recurrence interval seismic hazard.

Computational Study on a Squid-Like Underwater Robot with Two Undulating Side Fins

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2011年第1期8卷 25-32页

作者： Md. Mahbubar Rahman Yasuyuki toda Hiroshi Miki Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka Suita City Osaka 565-0871 Japan

The undulating fin propulsion system is an instance of the bio-inspired propulsion systems. In the current study, the swimming motion of a squid-like robot with two undulating side fins, mimicking those of a Stingray or a Cuttlefish, was investigated through flow computation around the body. We used the finite analytic method for space discretization and Euler implicit scheme for time discretization along with the PISO algorithm for velocity pressure coupling. A body-fitted moving grid was generated using the Poisson equation at each time step. Based on the computed results, we discussed the features of the flow field and hydrodynamic forces acting on the body and fin. A simple relationship among the fin＇s principal dimensions was established. Numerical computation was done for various aspect ratios, fin angles and frequencies in order to validate the proposed relationship among principal dimensions. Subsequently, the relationship was examined base on the distribution of pressure difference between upper and lower surfaces and the distribution of the thrust force. In efficiency calculations, the undulating fins showed promising results. Finally, for the fin, the open characteristics from computed data showed satisfactory conformity with the experimental results.

关键词： biomimetics squid robot undulating fin propulsion efficiency hydrodynamics CFD

FEM Modeling of Crack Propagation in a Model Multiphase Alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2006年第1期22卷 59-65页

作者： Lihe QIAN Seishi NISHIDO Hiroyuki toda Toshiro KOBA YASHI Department of Production Systems Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi 441-8580 Japan IT Promotion Department Aisin Takaoka Co. Ltd. 1 Tennoh Takaokashin-machi Toyota 473-8501 Japan

In this paper, several widely applied fracture criteria were first numerically examined and the crack-tip-region Jntegral criterion was confirmed to be more applicable to predict fracture angle in an elastic-plastic multiphase material. Then, the crack propagation in an idealized an elastic-plastic finite element method. The variation dendritic two-phase AI-7%Si alloy was modeled using of crack growth driving force with crack extension was also demonstrated. It is found that the crack path is significantly influenced by the presence of α-phase near the crack tip, and the crack growth driving force varies drastically from place to place. Lastly, the simulated fracture path in the two-phase model alloy was compared with the experimentally observed fracture path.

关键词： Al-Si alloys Fracture criterion Fracture path Numerical simulation Finite element method (FEM) Multiphase microstructure

Treatment outcomes of chemotherapy between unresectable and recurrent biliary tract cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第48期20卷 18452-18457页

作者： Takashi Sasaki Hiroyuki Isayama Yousuke Nakai Yukiko Ito Ichiro Yasuda Nobuo toda Hiroshi Yagioka saburo Matsubara Keiji Hanada Hiroyuki Maguchi Hideki Kamada Osamu Hasebe Tsuyoshi Mukai Yoshihiro Okabe Iruru Maetani Kazuhiko Koike Department of Gastroenterology Graduate School of Medicine the University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-8655 Japan Department of Gastroenterology Japanese Red Cross Medical Center Tokyo 150-8935 Japan First Department of Internal Medicine Gifu University Hospital Gifu 501-1194 Japan Department of Gastroenterology Mitsui MemorialHospital Tokyo 101-8643 Japan Department of Gastroenterology JR Tokyo General Hospital Tokyo 151-8528 Japan Department of Gastroenterology Kanto Central Hospital Tokyo 158-8531 Japan Center for Gastroendoscopy Onomichi General Hospital Hiroshima 722-8508 Japan Center for Gastroenterology Teine-Keijinkai Hospital Hokkaido 006-8555 Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology Faculty of Medicine Kagawa University Kagawa 761-0793 Japan Department of Gastroenterology Nagano Municipal Hospital Nagano 381-8551 Japan Department of Gastroenterology Gifu Municipal Hospital Gifu 500-8513 Japan Department of Gastroenterology Osaka Red Cross Hospital Osaka 543-8555 Japan Division of Gastroenterology Department ofInternal Medicine Toho University Ohashi Medical CenterTokyo 153-8515 Japan

AIM: To evaluate the differences in the treatment outcomes between the unresectable and recurrent biliary tract cancer patients who received chemotherapy.

关键词： Biliary tract cancer Unresectable Recurrent Pooled analysis Chemotherapy

Seismicity,structure and tectonics in the Arctic region

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第5期6卷 665-677页

作者： Masaki Kanao Vladimir D.Suvorov Shigeru toda Seiji Tsuboi National Institute of Polar Research.Research Organization of Information and Systems Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics of Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of EducationAichi University of Education Institute for Research on Earth Evolution Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

The "Arctic" region,where the North Pole occupies the center of the Arctic Ocean,has been affecting the environmental variation of the Earth from geological time to the ***,the seismic activities in the area are not adequately ***,by conducting long term monitoring of seismic phenomenon as sustainable parameters,our understanding of both the tectonic evolution of the Earth and the dynamic interaction between the cryosphere and geosphere in surface layers of the Earth will *** this paper,the association of the seismicity and structure of the Arctic region,particularly focused on Eurasian continent and surrounding oceans,and its relationship with regional evolution during the Earth’s history is *** target areas cover representative tectonic provinces in the Eurasian Arctic,such as the wide area of Siberia,Baikal Rift *** East Russia,Arctic Ocean together with Greenland and Northern *** on discussion including characteristics of seismicity,heterogeneous structure of the crust and upper mantle,tectonic history and recent dynamic features of the Earth’s surface in the Arctic are summarized.

关键词： Arctic region Seismicity Tectonics Earth’s structu

Braking Performance of a Biomimetic Squid-Like Underwater Robot

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2013年第3期10卷 265-273页

作者： Md. Mahbubar Rahman Sinpei Sugimori Hiroshi Miki Risa Yamamoto Yugo Sanada Yasuyuki toda Laboratory of Hull Form Design Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Osaka 565-0871 Japan

In this study, the braking performance of the undulating fin propulsion system ofa biomimetic squid-like underwater robot was investigated through free run experiment and simulation of the quasi-steady mathematical model. The quasi-steady equa- tions of motion were solved using the measured and calculated hydrodynamic forces and compared with free-run test results. Various braking strategies were tested and discussed in terms of stopping ability and the forces acting on the stopping stage. The stopping performance of the undulating fin propulsion system turned out to be excellent considering the short stopping time and short stopping distance. This is because of the large negative thrust produced by progressive wave in opposite direction. It was confirmed that the undulating fin propulsion system can effectively perform braking even in complex underwater explorations.

关键词： biomimetics squid-like underwater robot undulating fin propulsion system braking performance motion simulation

Reevaluation of the Taxonomic Status of a Poorly Known Gecko, Gekko liboensis(Reptilia: Squamata)

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Asian Herpetological Research 2015年第3期6卷 229-236页

作者： Teppei JONO Li DING Takuma KAITO Yezhong TANG Mamoru toda Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Chemistry Biology and Marine ScienceGraduate School of Engineering and ScienceUniversity of the Ryukyus Tropical Biosphere Research Center University of the Ryukyus

Gekko liboensis Zhou and Li, 1982 is a poorly known gecko originating from Libo, Guizhou, southern China. Since the original description based on a single female from Libo, only three specimens（two females and one juvenile） have been reported from the type locality. Because of its close morphological resemblance to G. hokouensis Pope, 1927, G. liboensis is required to be reevaluated for its taxonomic status by studies based on additional specimens. Here we report for the first time the morphological features of 31 newly obtained specimens of G. liboensis from type locality and others, including males, and compare them with those of related species, chiefly on the basis of information from the literature. In addition, specimen-based comparisons were also made with G. hokouensis and an undescribed cryptic species known from the Ryukyus Islands, Japan. Results showed that the species is distinguished from its congeners in having a larger body size（60–91 mm）, 0–2 small internasals, 10–13 supralabials, 10–13 infralabials, smooth enlarged tubercles present on the dorsum forming 4–10 irregular rows at the midbody but absent on the four limbs and tail, both fingers and toes without developed interdigital webs, a single cloacal spur on each side, and 10–12 precloacal pores in males. It most resembles G. hokouensis and its cryptic species but is clearly differentiated by having a larger body size, a predominantly absent internasal, fewer number of dorsal tubercle rows, larger number of precloacal pores, and conspicuous white marks on the dorsum and head. Judging from these results, we confirmed the taxonomic validity of G. liboensis. In addition, the geographic distribution of this gecko on the basis of obtained data was briefly discussed.

关键词： China East Asia Gekkonidae Gekko japonicus group taxonomy morphology