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evaluation of the effectiveness of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands for different media

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2010年第6期22卷 820-825页

作者： Antonio Albuquerque José Oliveira sabrina Semitela Leonor Amaral Department of Civil engineering and Architecture and C-MADe University of Beira Interior Municipality of Penamacor Department of Sciences and environmental engineering Faculty of Sciences and TechnologyNew University of Lisbon

Two media bed （gravel and Filtralite NR） were tested in a mesocosm to evaluate the removal of organic matter （as chemical oxygen demand （COD））, ammonia （NH4-N）, nitrite, nitrate and solid matter （as total suspended solids （TSS）） for a synthetic wastewater （acetate-based） and a domestic wastewater. The use of Filtralite allowed average removal rates （6--16.8 g COD/（m^2·day）, 0.8-1.1 g NH4-N/（m^2·day） and 3.1 g TSS/（m^2·day）） and removal efficiencies （65%-93%, 57%-85% and 78% for COD, NH4-N and TSS, respectively）, higher than that observed in the experiments with gravel. The applied loads of COD, ammonia, nitrate and TSS seem to influence the respective removal rates but only for the treatment of domestic wastewater with nigher correlation coefficients for Filtralite. Regardless the type of media bed and the type of wastewater, nitrate was completely removed for nitrogen loading rates up to 1.3 g NO3-N/（m^2·day）. There was no evidence of the influence of nitrate loads on the removal of organic matter.

关键词： media bed constructed wetlands pollutants removal rates

Static recovery of A5083 aluminum alloy after a small deformation through various measuring approaches

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第9期104卷 202-213页

作者： Sheng Ding Jingwei Zhang sabrina Alam Khan Jun Yanagimoto Department of Mechanical engineering The University of TokyoHongo 7-3-1Bunkyo CityTokyo 113-8656Japan

Static recovery was confirmed to be the dominant softening mechanism during annealing for the studied A5083 aluminum *** kinetics of static recovery,described based on the activation parameters(activation energy and volume of static recovery)and the static softening fraction,were mainly studied through two thermomechanical tests,namely,double-pass compression and stress relaxation tests.A new approach was proposed to measure the static softening fraction in the stress relaxation *** general,a higher temperature or strain rate accelerates static recovery,while interestingly,the effect of pre-strain on static recovery is opposite in cases with and without external stress,owing to the enhanced static recovery by external stress during *** addition,microhardness tests and electron backscatter diffraction(eBSD)characterization were also conducted to verify the accuracy of the *** grain average misorientation approach based on eBSD characterization was confirmed to be effective in distinguishing and quantifying static *** is noteworthy that the special stress hardening phenomenon occurring at 400℃and 0.1/s is caused by strain aging,showing the complexity of the material behaviors after deformation of the studied aluminum alloy.

关键词： Aluminum alloy Static recovery Double-pass compression test Stress relaxation test electron backscatter diffraction(eBSD) Grain average misorientation

Long-term spatial memory in Vespula germanica social wasps： the influence of past experience on foraging behavior

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Insect Science 2017年第5期24卷 853-858页

作者： sabrina Moreyra Paola D'Adamo Mariana Lozada Laboratory ecotono INIBIOMA CONICET Universidad Nacional de/Comahue Quintral 1250 (8400) Bariloche Argentina

Social insects exhibit complex learning and memory mechanisms while for- aging. Vespula germanica （Fab.）（Hymenoptera： Vespidae） is an invasive social wasp that frequently forages on undepleted food sources, making several flights between the resource and the nest. Previous studies have shown that during this relocating behavior, wasps learn to associate food with a certain site, and can recall this association 1 h later. In this work, we evaluated whether this wasp species is capable of retrieving an established association after 24 h. For this purpose, we trained free flying individuals to collect proteinaceous food from an experimental plate （feeder） located in an experimental array. A total of 150 individuals were allowed 2, 4, or 8 visits. After the training phase, the array was re- moved and set up again 24 h later, but this time a second baited plate was placed opposite to the first. After 24 h we recorded the rate of wasps that returned to the experimental area and those which collected food from the previously learned feeding station or the nonlearned one. During the testing phase, we observed that a low rate of wasps trained with 2 collecting visits returned to the experimental area （22%）, whereas the rate of returning wasps trained with 4 or 8 collecting visits was higher （51% and 41%, respectively）. Moreover, wasps trained with 8 feeding visits collected food from the previously learned feeding station at a higher rate than those that did from the nonlearned one. In contrast, wasps trained 2 or 4 times chose both feeding stations at a similar rate. Thus, significantly more wasps returned to the previously learned feeding station after 8 repeated foraging flights but not after only 2 or 4 visits. This is the first report that demonstrates the existence of long-term spatial memory in V. germanica wasps.

关键词： foraging behavior learning long-term memory relocating behavior social wasps

An integrated multiscale approach for characterization of rock masses subjected to tunnel excavation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2018年第3期10卷 513-522页

作者： Gessica Umili sabrina Bonetto Anna Maria Ferrero Department of earth Sciences Università degli Studi di Torino

The design of tunnels must be conducted based on the knowledge of the territory. The longer the structure, the larger the area to be investigated, and the greater the number of surveys and tests to be performed in order to thoroughly examine all the relevant features. Therefore, optimization of the investigation process is strongly required to obtain complete and reliable data for the design of the infrastructure. The fast development of remote sensing technologies and the affordability of their products have contributed to proving their benefits as supports for investigation, encouraging the spreading of automatic or semi-automatic methods for regional scale surveys. Similarly, considering the scale of the rock outcrop, photogrammetric and laser scanner techniques are well-established techniques for representing geometrical features of rock masses, and the benefits of non-contact surveys in terms of safety and time consumption are acknowledged. Unfortunately, in most cases, data obtained at different scales of investigations are only partially integrated or compared, probably due to the missing exchange of knowledge among experts of different fields（e.g. geologists and geotechnical engineers）. The authors,after experiencing such a lack of connection among the results of different surveys concerning tunnels,propose a multiscale approach for the optimization of the investigation process, starting from the regional scale, to obtain the data that can be useful not only for planning more detailed surveys in a preliminary phase, but also for making previsions on the discontinuity sets that are present in the rock masses subjected to excavations. A methodological process is proposed and illustrated by means of a case study. Preliminary results are discussed to highlight the potentiality of this method and its limitations.

关键词： Tunnel Multiscale approach Geological lineament Non-contact survey Discontinuity Digital terrain model (DTM)

The influence of past experience on wasp choice related to foraging behavior

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Insect Science 2014年第6期21卷 759-764页

作者： Moreyra sabrina Paola D'Adamo Mariana Lozada Laboratory ecotono INIBIOMA Quintral 1250 (8400) Bariloche Argentina

Memory has been little studied in social wasps. Vespula germanica （Fab.）（Hymenoptera： Vespidae） frequently revisits nondepleted food sources, making several trips between the resource and the nest. In this study, we analyzed this relocating behavior in order to evaluate whether this species is capable of remembering an established association after 1 h. To this end, we trained wasps to feed from a certain array. Then it was removed, setting it up again 1 h later, but this time 2 baited feeders were put in place, one at the original feeding site and the other opposite the first. We recorded the proportion of returning foragers, and their choice of feeder, after either 1 or 4 feeding trials. After 1 h, 78% of wasps trained with 4 feeding trials and 65% trained with 1, returned to the experimental area. Furthermore, during the testing phase, wasps trained with 4 feeding trials collected food from the previously learned feeder significantly more frequently than from the nonlearned one （P 〈 0.05）. In contrast, wasps that had been trained only once chose both feeders equally. Thus, memory retrieval could be observed 1 h after wasps had collected food on 4 consecutive occasions, but not after only 1. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing that V. germanica is capable of remembering an association 1 h after the last associative event, demonstrating that 1 h does not impair memory retention if4 feeding experiences have occurred.

关键词： cognition foraging behavior learning memory social wasps Vespula germanica

New application of open source data and Rock engineering System for debris flow susceptibility analysis

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第12期18卷 3200-3217页

作者： sabrina BONeTTO Pietro MOSCA Federico VAGNON Davide VIANeLLO Department of earth Science University of TorinoTorino 10125Italy Institute of Geosciences and earth Resources National Research Council(CNR)Torino 10125Italy

This research describes a quantitative,rapid,and low-cost methodology for debris flow susceptibility evaluation at the basin scale using open-access data and *** proposed approach can aid decision makers in land management and territorial planning,by first screening for areas with a higher debris flow *** environmental predisposing factors,namely,bedrock lithology,fracture network,quaternary deposits,slope inclination,and hydrographic network,were selected as independent parameters and their mutual interactions were described and quantified using the Rock engineering System(ReS)*** each parameter,specific indexes were proposed,aiming to provide a final synthetic and representative index of debris flow susceptibility at the basin *** methodology was tested in four basins located in the Upper Susa Valley(NW Italian Alps)where debris flow events are the predominant natural *** proposed matrix can represent a useful standardized tool,universally applicable,since it is independent of type and characteristic of the basin.

关键词： Debris flow Interaction matrix Rock engineering System(ReS) Susceptibility analysis Open source data Debris flow predisposing factors

Chimeric Antigen Receptors and Regulatory T Cells:The Potential for HLA-Specific Immunosuppression in Transplantation

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engineering 2022年第3期8卷 30-43页

作者： sabrina Wright Conor Hennessy Joanna Hester Fadi Issa Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences University of OxfordOxford OX39DUUK

Chimeric antigen receptors(CARs)are a breakthrough in genetic engineering that have revolutio nized the field of adoptive cellular therapy(ACT).Cells expressing these receptors are rerouted to a predefined target by the inclusion of an antigen-specific binding region within the synthetic CAR *** advantage of cells with programmed specificity has been demonstrated clinically in the field of oncology,and it is clear that such cells have greater accuracy,potency,and reduced off-target therapeutic effects compared with their unmodified *** contrast to conventional T cells(Tconvs),regulatory T cells(Tregs)play a major role in suppressing immune activation and regulating the host immune *** expression within Tregs has been proposed as a therapy for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases,graft-versus-host disease(GVHD),and organ transplant rejectio *** the latter,they hold immense potential as mediators of immune tolerance for recipients of ***,current research into CAR-Treg engineering is extremely limited,and there is uncertainty regarding optimal design for therapeutic *** review examines the rationale behind the development of CAR-Tregs,their significance for human transplantation,potential designs,safety considerations,and comparisons of CAR-Tregs in transplantation models to date.

关键词： Chimeric antigen receptors T cell Treg Alloimmunity Bioengineering Transplant Autoimmunity

Optimization method for a radar situation interface from error-cognition to information feature mapping

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Journal of Systems engineering and electronics 2022年第4期33卷 924-937页

作者： WU Xiaoli WeI Wentao CALDWeLL sabrina XUe Chengqi WANG Linlin School of Design Art&Media Nanjing University of Science&TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Mechanical engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China College of Mechanical and electrical engineering Hohai UniversityChangzhou 211100China School of Computer Science Australian National UniversityCanberra 2600Australia

With the rapid development of digital and intelligent information systems, display of radar situation interface has become an important challenge in the field of human-computer interaction. We propose a method for the optimization of radar situation interface from error-cognition through the mapping of information characteristics. A mapping method of matrix description is adopted to analyze the association properties between error-cognition sets and design information sets. Based on the mapping relationship between the domain of error-cognition and the domain of design information, a cross-correlational analysis is carried out between error-cognition and design *** obtain the relationship matrix between the error-cognition of correlation between design information and the degree of importance among design information. Taking the task interface of a warfare navigation display as an example, error factors and the features of design information are extracted. Based on the results, we also propose an optimization design scheme for the radar situation interface.

关键词： radar situation interface error-cognition information feature mapping visual information display

Hop-induced formation of ethyl esters in dry-hopped beer

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食物生产加工与营养(英文) 2020年第1期2卷 179-185页

作者： sabrina Brendel Thomas Hofmann Michael Granvogl Lehrstuhl für Lebensmittelchemie und Molekulare Sensorik Technische Universität MünchenWissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für ErnährungLandnutzung und UmweltLise-Meitner-Straße 3485354 FreisingGermany Institut für Lebensmittelchemie Fg.Lebensmittelchemie und Analytische Chemie(170a)Universität HohenheimFakultät für NaturwissenschaftenGarbenstraße 2870599 StuttgartGermany

Fruity smelling esters play an important role for the aroma of hops and beer and they have been characterized as key aroma compounds in different hop *** on the transfer of hop-derived compounds into beer during dry-hopping showed calculated transfer rates of different ethyl esters far above 100%,leading to the assumption that these esters must be newly *** investigate this formation,dry-hopping was imitated in water to eliminate the influence of the beer matrix on the formation of these ***,the formation of ethyl esters of 2-methylbutanoic acid,3-methylbutanoic acid,and methylpropanoic acid,induced by the addition of hops,was *** approaches inhibiting enzyme activities and experiments with different hop extracts might lead to the assumption that enzymes are involved in the formation of these esters,beside possible transesterification.

关键词： Hops Dry-hopping Beer ethyl esters Aroma formation Radicals enzymes