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Deep Learning-based Environmental Sound Classification Using Feature Fusion and Data Enhancement

Computers, materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 1069-1091页

作者： Rashid Jahangir muhammad Asif Nauman Roobaea Alroobaea Jasem Almotiri muhammad mohsin malik sabah m.alzahrani Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadVehari CampusPakistan Department of Computer Science University of Engineering and Technology LahorePakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21974Saudi Arabia

Environmental sound classification(ESC)involves the process of distinguishing an audio stream associated with numerous environmental *** common aspects such as the framework difference,overlapping of different sound events,and the presence of various sound sources during recording make the ESC task much more complicated and *** research is to propose a deep learning model to improve the recognition rate of environmental sounds and reduce the model training time under limited computation *** this research,the performance of transformer and convolutional neural networks(CNN)are *** audio features,chromagram,mel-spectrogram,tonnetz,mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients(mFCCs),delta mFCCs,delta-delta mFCCs and spectral contrast,are extracted fromtheUrbanSound8K,ESC-50,and ESC-10,***,this research also employed three data enhancement methods,namely,white noise,pitch tuning,and time stretch to reduce the risk of overfitting issue due to the limited audio *** evaluation of various experiments demonstrates that the best performance was achieved by the proposed transformer model using seven audio features on enhanced *** UrbanSound8K,ESC-50,and ESC-10,the highest attained accuracies are 0.98,0.94,and 0.97 *** experimental results reveal that the proposed technique can achieve the best performance for ESC problems.

关键词： Environmental sound classification convolutional neural network deep learning transformer data augmentation

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A review of mechanism of action of outdoor exposure in preventing myopia incidence and progression

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第6期17卷 1144-1155页

作者： Chikezie Grand Ihesiulor Khaled alzahrani Hema Rhadhakrishnan Division of Pharmacy&Optometry School of Health SciencesFaculty of BiologyMedicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Department of Ophthalmology King Fahad Armed Forces HospitalJeddah 23311Saudi Arabia

Various studies have suggested several environmental,pharmacological,medical,and optical interventions and some are in use but their efficacy in myopia control may be transient,and the cellular,molecular,and biochemical mechanisms involved *** exposure is currently regarded as an effective and enduring strategy in the control of myopia development and ***,the mechanism behind the effect of outdoor exposure and its association with genetic predisposition and other relatively more significant environmental factors on myopia is still a *** review focuses on survey-based and intervention-based studies carried out to propose a mechanism that accounts for myopia development and important for its control.

关键词： outdoor exposure daylight exposure myopia control myopia

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Burden of routine orthopedic implant removal a single center retrospective study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期15卷 139-146页

作者： Ammar K AlOmran Nader Alosaimi Ahmed A Alshaikhi Omar m Bakhurji Khalid J alzahrani Basil Ziyad Salloot Tamim Omar Alabduladhem Ahmed I Almulhim Arwa Alumran Department of Orthopedic College of MedicineImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam 31441Saudi Arabia Health Information management and Technology Department Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam 31441Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Open reduction and internal fixation represent prevalent orthopedic procedures,sparking ongoing discourse over whether to retain or remove asymptomatic *** consensus on this matter is paramount for orthopedic *** study aims to quantify the impact of routine implant removal on patients and healthcare facilities.A retrospective analysis of implant removal cases from 2016 to 2022 at King Fahad Hospital of the University(KFHU)was conducted and subjected to statistical *** these cases,44%necessitated hospitalization exceeding one day,while 56%required only a single *** exhibited a 55%need for extended hospital stays,contrasting with 22.8%among the pediatric *** complication rate was 6%,with all patients experiencing at least one ***,34.1%required sick leave and 4.8%exceeded 14 *** anesthesia was predominant(88%).Routine implant removal introduces unwarranted complications,particularly in adults,potentially prolonging *** procedure strains hospital resources,tying up the operating room that could otherwise accommodate critical *** defined institutional guidelines are imperative to regulate this *** To measure the burden of routine implant removal on the patients and *** This is a retrospective analysis study of 167 routine implant removal cases treated at KFHU,a tertiary hospital in Saudi *** were collected in the orthopedic department at KFHU from February 2016 to August 2022,which includes routine asymptomatic implant removal cases across all age *** indications such as infection,pain,implant failure,malunion,nonunion,restricted range of motion,and prominent hardware were *** who had external fixators removed or joints replaced were also *** Between February 2016 and August 2022,360 implants were retrieved;however,only 167 of those who met the inclusion criteria were included in this

关键词： Implant removal Healed fracture Orthopedic implant Complications Healthcare system

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Hybrid IPOm: A Novel Technique for the management of Incisional Hernia

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Surgical Science 2024年第3期15卷 125-134页

作者： Syed Asim Yamin Shahnawaz Ahangar Fadi Albadawi Abdullah Alqarni Abdulaziz m. alzahrani Department of Specialised Surgery King Abdullah Medical City Hospital Makkah Saudi Arabia

Background and Aim: The incidence of incisional hernias has been reported to be around 15%. In the present scenario, a wide array of surgical procedures are available for their better management. In this study, we intend to share our experience with one novel technique, “Hybrid IPOm (Intraperitoneal onlay meshplasty)” as a management option for a selected cohort of patients. methods: This prospective study was undertaken during January 2019 to July 2023 at King Abdullah medical city, makkah. A total of 51 cases were selected for Hybrid IPOm repair as per inclusion criteria;medium sized (4 - 10 cm) hernia defects;uncomplicated hernias;age more than 18 years. The follow-up period of the patients varied from 6 months to 4 years. The operation commenced with open hernia dissection, mesh deployment into abdomen, defect closure and then conversion to laparoscopy for the posterior mesh placement. Results: A total of 51 cases were repaired successfully with this technique. 48 out of 51 cases were incisional hernias secondary to some primary procedure done either for hernias itself or some other intra-abdominal pathology. The three cases were primary hernias falling in medium to large category with unaesthetic overlying skin. The age range was 19 to 72 years. The mean (range) operative time was 135 (90 - 240) min, and the average blood loss was 70 ml. The mean (range) hospital stay was 3 (2 - 11) days. All patients returned to routine work within 2 - 3 weeks of surgery. The median follow-up was 15 (6 - 48) months. Of the 51 cases, 3 patients developed seroma (managed conservatively), 1 patient developed a large hematoma (needed evacuation), and 1 patient developed superficial wound infection (managed with antibiotics). Two patients had recurrences;one patient had previously failed multiple repairs, and the other developed a postoperative hematoma. None of our patients had an iatrogenic bowel injury. Conclusion: Hybrid IPOm technique is a safe, feasible and easily reproducibl

关键词： Incisional Hernias Hybrid Surgery Open to Laparoscopic Conversion Safety Feasibility

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Prevalence and associated factors of clubfoot in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia: A hospital-based study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第7期15卷 635-641页

作者： Ammar K Alomran Bandar A alzahrani Bader S Alanazi mohammed A Alharbi Loay m Bojubara Eman m Alyaseen Department of Orthopedic College of MedicineImam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityDammam 34212Saudi Arabia College of medicine Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityDammam 34212Saudi Arabia College of medicine Arabian Gulf UniversityManama 329Bahrain

BACKGROUND Clubfoot,or congenital talipes equinovarus,is a widely recognized cause of disability and congenital deformity worldwide,which significantly impacts the quality of *** management of clubfoot requires long-term,multidiscip-linary *** is important to understand how common this condition is in order to assess its impact on the ***,few studies have investigated the prevalence of clubfoot in Saudi *** To determine the prevalence of clubfoot in Saudi Arabia via the patient population at King Fahad University Hospital(KFUH).mETHODS This was a retrospective study conducted at one of the largest hospitals in the country and located in one of the most densely populated of the administrative *** Of the 7792 births between 2015 to 2023 that were included in the analysis,42 patients were diagnosed with clubfoot,resulting in a prevalence of 5.3 per 1000 live births at *** The observed prevalence of clubfoot was significantly higher than both global and local estimates,indicating a substantial burden in the study population.

关键词： Clubfoot Talipes equinovarus Congenital talipes equinovarus Prevalence Saudi Arabia

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The Impact of Simulation Education on Self-Efficacy in Pre-Registration Nursing Students

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Open Journal of Nursing 2024年第1期14卷 51-76页

作者： Ahmed A. Hakami Aisha Hussin Rabie Sultan Ghormallah m. alzahrani Faisal mohammed Alnakhilan Khalid Awaidhalharbi College of Nursing Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Saudi Arabia Al-Noor Specialist Hospital Makkah Saudi Arabia (mOH) ministry of Health King Fahad Hospital Al Baha Saudi Arabia (mOH) ministry of Health Eradah Complex Riyadh Saudi Arabia King Salman medical City Al Madinah Saudi Arabia

This literature review primarily aims to explore and synthesise the previous studies in simulation education research conducted over the past five years related to the effects of simulation training on the self-efficacy of undergraduate pre-registration nursing students. The second aim of this study is to explore additional outcome variables that were examined in the previous studies. Five electronic databases were searched systematically. These databases were mEDLINE, CINAHL Plus, Scopus, Embase and PsycINFO. The PICO model was employed to identify the search terms, with a thesaurus being used to provide synonyms. Reference lists of relevant articles were examined and hand searches of journals were also undertaken. The quality of each study was assessed using the Simulation Research Rubric (SRR). A total of 11 studies were included. All studies explored the impact of simulation education on undergraduate pre-registration nursing. Six studies explored nursing students’ competence and performance and two papers examined their critical thinking. Problem solving, learning motivation, communication skills and knowledge acquisition were examined once. The majority of studies indicated that simulation training has a positive impact on pre-registration nursing students’ self-efficacy and other outcome variables. Furthermore, the study results indicate that simulation training is more dependable than traditional training, and students were extremely satisfied with the simulation training. However, most of the studies included in this review had several gaps, including study design, sample size and dissimilarities between the scales used. Further research with large samples, reliable and valid instruments, and outcomes measures (such as critical thinking and transferability of skills) is required to provide better insight into the effectiveness of simulation in undergraduate nursing education. .

关键词： Simulation Education Self-Efficacy Pre-Registration Nursing Students Clinical Skills Undergraduate Nursing Education Teaching Techniques Decision-making

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Dynamic Hand Gesture Recognition Using 3D-CNN and LSTm Networks

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 4675-4690页

作者： muneeb Ur Rehman Fawad Ahmed muhammad Attique Khan Usman Tariq Faisal Abdulaziz Alfouzan Nouf m.alzahrani Jawad Ahmad Department of Electrical Engineering HITEC University TaxilaPakistan Department of Computer Science HITEC University TaxilaPakistan College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KhrajSaudi Arabia Department of Forensic Sciences College of Criminal JusticeNaif Arab University for Security SciencesRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Information Technology Albaha UniversityAlbahaSaudi Arabia School of Computing Edinburgh Napier UniversityUK

Recognition of dynamic hand gestures in real-time is a difficult task because the system can never know when or from where the gesture starts and ends in a video *** researchers have been working on visionbased gesture recognition due to its various *** paper proposes a deep learning architecture based on the combination of a 3D Convolutional Neural Network(3D-CNN)and a Long Short-Term memory(LSTm)*** proposed architecture extracts spatial-temporal information from video sequences input while avoiding extensive *** 3D-CNN is used for the extraction of spectral and spatial features which are then given to the LSTm network through which classification is carried *** proposed model is a light-weight architecture with only 3.7 million training *** model has been evaluated on 15 classes from the 20BN-jester dataset available *** model was trained on 2000 video-clips per class which were separated into 80%training and 20%validation *** accuracy of 99%and 97%was achieved on training and testing data,*** further show that the combination of 3D-CNN with LSTm gives superior results as compared to mobileNetv2+LSTm.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks 3D-CNN LSTm spatiotemporal jester real-time hand gesture recognition

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Optimal entry point for antegrade and retrograde femoral intramedullary nails

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2023年第5期26卷 249-255页

作者： mohammad m.alzahrani Yousef Aljamaan Jaffar Alsayigh Shahad Alghamdi Saad m.Alqahtani Steven R.Papp Orthopedic Surgery Department College of MedicineImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammamSaudi Arabia Division of Orthopaedic Surgery University of OttawaThe Ottawa HospitalOttawaOntarioCanada

Surgical management of femoral shaft fractures with intramedullary nails has become the standard ofcare,with multiple options for entry point described,including piriformis entry,trochanter entry andretrograde femoral *** present review describes the surgical anatomy of the proximal and distalfemur and its relation to different entry points for intramedullary femoral *** addition,we reviewedrelative indications for each technique,difficulties associated and possible complications.

关键词： Femurfracture Antegrade Retrograde Femoral nailing

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Fucoxanthin suppresses OxLDL-induced inflammation via activation of Nrf2 and inhibition of NF-κB signaling

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2022年第5期12卷 207-215页

作者： Peramaiyan Rajendran Abdullah m.alzahrani Department of Biological Sciences College of ScienceKing Faisal UniversityAl Ahsa 31982Saudi Arabia

Objective:To explore the impact of fucoxanthin on oxidized low-density lipoprotein(OxLDL)-induced stress and inflammation in human endothelial cells and its underlying ***:HUVECs were treated with OxLDL and/or fucoxanthin for a range of time points and *** evaluated the effects of fucoxanthin on OxLDL-induced HUVECs using the mTT assay,reactive oxygen species accumulation assay,ELISA,RT-PCR,immunofluorescence,and Western ***:Fucoxanthin enhanced the cell viability in a dose dependent manner after OxLDL ***,fucoxanthin pretreatment significantly decreased OxLDL-induced reactive oxygen species production and prevented the activation of the nuclear factor kappa-B pathway,which led to substantial suppression of pro-inflammatory gene ***-induced upregulation of interleukin-6,intercellular adhesion molecule-1,vascular cell adhesion molecule-1,interleukin-1β,monocyte chemotactic protein-1,cyclooxygenase-1,and tumor necrosis factor-αwas significantly reduced by ***:Fucoxanthin can inhibit OxLDL-induced vascular inflammation and oxidative stress in HUVECs by targeting Nrf2 signaling pathways.

关键词： Oxidized low-density lipoprotein Fucoxanthin Atherosclerosis Inflammation Oxidative stress Cell viability HUVEC Nrf2 signaling pathway NF-κB

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Late brachial plexopathy after a mid-shaft clavicle fracture:A case report

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第10期14卷 776-783页

作者： mohammad m.alzahrani Department of Orthopaedic Surgery College of MedicineImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam 31441Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Clavicle fractures can rarely be associated with brachial plexus *** are commonly caused by tractional injury at the time of trauma,but unfrequently can be caused by compression of the brachial plexus from excessive callus or granulation tissue *** SUmmARY We report a rare case of an adult male who sustained a mid-shaft clavicle fracture and had a late presentation of brachial plexus palsy due to compression from excessive callus *** We reported a case of a rare occurrence of delayed brachial plexus palsy due to compression from excessive callus formation in a midshaft clavicle *** diagnosis and surgical decompression of the brachial plexus is critical,as when managed efficiently,a full recovery of the brachial plexus palsy can be expected in these patients.

关键词： Clavicle Fracture Brachial plexus Palsy Case report

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