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A safe haven of SARS-CoV-2 in the environment:Prevalence and potential transmission risks in the effluent,sludge,and biosolids

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第6期13卷 302-314页

作者： Bashir Adelodun Pankaj Kumar Golden Odey Fidelis Odedishemi Ajibade Rahmat Gbemisola Ibrahim saad a.m.alamri Sulaiman A.Alrumman Ebrahem m.Eid Vinod Kumar Khalid Adeola Adeyemi Ashish Kumar Arya Archana Bachheti marcos L.S.Oliveira Kyung Sook Choi Department of Agricultural Civil Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566South Korea Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering University of IlorinPMB 1515Ilorin 240003Nigeria Agro-ecology and Pollution Research Laboratory Department of Zoology and Environmental ScienceGurukula Kangri(Deemed to be University)Haridwar 249404UttarakhandIndia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Federal University of TechnologyPMB 704AkureNigeria Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology Research Centre for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085PR China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049PR China Kwara State ministry of Health IlorinKwara StateNigeria Biology Department College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61321Saudi Arabia Botany Department Faculty of ScienceKafrelsheikh UniversityKafr El-Sheikh 33516Egypt Department of Environmental Science Graphic Era(Deemed to be University)Deharadun248002 UttarakhandIndia Department of Civil and Environmental Universidad De La CostaCalle 58#55-66080002 BarranquillaAtlánticoColombia Institute of Agricultural Science&Technology KyungpookNational UniversityDaegu 41566South Korea

The novel coronavirus,SARS-CoV-2,which has caused millions of death globally is recognized to be unstable and recalcitrant in the environment,especially in the way it has been evolving to form new and highly transmissible *** particular concerns are human-environment interactions and the handling and reusing the environmental materials,such as effluents,sludge,or biosolids laden with the SARS-CoV-2 without adequate treatments,thereby suggesting potential transmission and health *** study assesses the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in effluents,sludge,and ***,we evaluate the environmental,ecological,and health risks of reusing these environmental materials by wastewater/sludge workers and farmers.A systematic review of literature from the Scopus database resulted in a total of 21 articles(11 for effluents,8 for sludge,and 2 for biosolids)that met the criteria for meta-analysis,which are then subdivided into 30 meta-analyzed *** prevalence of SAR-CoV-2 RNA in effluent and sludge based on random-effect models are 27.51 and 1012.25,respectively,with a 95%CI between 6.14 and 48.89 for the effluent,and 104.78 and 1019.71 for the ***,the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the biosolids based on the fixed-effect model is 30.59,with a 95%CI between 10.10 and *** prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in environmental materials indicates the inefficiency in some of the treatment systems currently deployed to inactivate and remove the novel virus,which could be a potential health risk concern to vulnerable wastewater workers in particular,and the environmental and ecological issues for the population at *** timely review portends the associated risks in handling and reusing environmental materials without proper and adequate treatments.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Environmental materials Health risks Wastewater workers

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An Adaptive Hate Speech Detection Approach Using Neutrosophic Neural Networks for Social media Forensics

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Computers, materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 243-262页

作者： Yasmine m.Ibrahim Reem Essameldin saad m.Darwish Department of Information Technology Institute of Graduate Studies and ResearchAlexandria UniversityAlexandria21526Egypt Faculty of Computers and Information Technology Egyptian E-Learning University(EELU)Giza12611Egypt Faculty of Computers and Data Science Alexandria UniversityAlexandria21554Egypt

Detecting hate speech automatically in social media forensics has emerged as a highly challenging task due tothe complex nature of language used in such platforms. Currently, several methods exist for classifying hatespeech, but they still suffer from ambiguity when differentiating between hateful and offensive content and theyalso lack accuracy. The work suggested in this paper uses a combination of the Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to adjust the weights of two multi-Layer Perceptron (mLPs)for neutrosophic sets classification. During the training process of the mLP, the WOA is employed to exploreand determine the optimal set of weights. The PSO algorithm adjusts the weights to optimize the performanceof the mLP as fine-tuning. Additionally, in this approach, two separate mLP models are employed. One mLPis dedicated to predicting degrees of truth membership, while the other mLP focuses on predicting degrees offalse membership. The difference between these memberships quantifies uncertainty, indicating the degree ofindeterminacy in predictions. The experimental results indicate the superior performance of our model comparedto previous work when evaluated on the Davidson dataset.

关键词： Hate speech detection whale optimization neutrosophic sets social media forensics

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DNBP-CCA:A Novel Approach to Enhancing Heterogeneous Data Traffic and Reliable Data Transmission for Body Area Network

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Computers, materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2851-2878页

作者： Abdulwadood Alawadhi mohd.Hasbullah Omar Abdullah Almogahed Noradila Nordin Salman A.Alqahtani Atif m.alamri InterNetWorks Research Laboratory School of ComputingUniversiti Utara MalaysiaSintok06010Malaysia Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Tun Hussein Onn MalaysiaParit RajaJohor86400Malaysia School of Games&Creative Technology University for the Creative ArtsFarnhamGU97DSUK Computer Engineering Department College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia Software Engineering Department College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia

The increased adoption of Internet of medical Things (IomT) technologies has resulted in the widespread use ofBody Area Networks (BANs) in medical and non-medical domains. However, the performance of IEEE 802.15.4-based BANs is impacted by challenges related to heterogeneous data traffic requirements among nodes, includingcontention during finite backoff periods, association delays, and traffic channel access through clear channelassessment (CCA) algorithms. These challenges lead to increased packet collisions, queuing delays, retransmissions,and the neglect of critical traffic, thereby hindering performance indicators such as throughput, packet deliveryratio, packet drop rate, and packet delay. Therefore, we propose Dynamic Next Backoff Period and Clear ChannelAssessment (DNBP-CCA) schemes to address these issues. The DNBP-CCA schemes leverage a combination ofthe Dynamic Next Backoff Period (DNBP) scheme and the Dynamic Next Clear Channel Assessment (DNCCA)scheme. The DNBP scheme employs a fuzzy Takagi, Sugeno, and Kang (TSK) model’s inference system toquantitatively analyze backoff exponent, channel clearance, collision ratio, and data rate as input parameters. Onthe other hand, the DNCCA scheme dynamically adapts the CCA process based on requested data transmission tothe coordinator, considering input parameters such as buffer status ratio and acknowledgement ratio. As a result,simulations demonstrate that our proposed schemes are better than some existing representative approaches andenhance data transmission, reduce node collisions, improve average throughput, and packet delivery ratio, anddecrease average packet drop rate and packet delay.

关键词： Internet of medical Things body area networks backoff period tsk fuzzy model clear channel assessment media access control

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Improving the Transmission Security of Vein Images Using a Bezier Curve and Long Short-Term memory

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Computers, materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4825-4844页

作者： Ahmed H.Alhadethi Ikram Smaoui Ahmed Fakhfakh saad m.Darwish Computer Science and School of Electronics and Telecommunications University of SfaxSfax3029Tunisia LETI Laboratory University of SfaxSfax3029Tunisia Digital Research Center of Sfax Technopark of SfaxSfax3029Tunisia Department of Information Technology Institute of Graduate Studies and ResearchAlexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt

The act of transmitting photos via the Internet has become a routine and significant *** the security measures to safeguard these images from counterfeiting and modifications is a critical domain that can still be further *** study presents a system that employs a range of approaches and algorithms to ensure the security of transmitted venous *** main goal of this work is to create a very effective system for compressing individual biometrics in order to improve the overall accuracy and security of digital photographs by means of image *** paper introduces a content-based image authentication mechanism that is suitable for usage across an untrusted network and resistant to data loss during *** employing scale attributes and a key-dependent parametric Long Short-Term memory(LSTm),it is feasible to improve the resilience of digital signatures against image deterioration and strengthen their security against malicious ***,the successful implementation of transmitting biometric data in a compressed format over a wireless network has been *** applications involving the transmission and sharing of images across a *** suggested technique utilizes the scalability of a structural digital signature to attain a satisfactory equilibrium between security and picture *** effective adaptive compression strategy was created to lengthen the overall lifetime of the network by sharing the processing of *** scheme ensures a large reduction in computational and energy requirements while minimizing image quality *** approach employs multi-scale characteristics to improve the resistance of signatures against image *** proposed system attained a Gaussian noise value of 98%and a rotation accuracy surpassing 99%.

关键词： Image transmission image compression text hiding Bezier curve Histogram of Oriented Gradients(HOG) LSTm image enhancement Gaussian noise rotation

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Impact of carbimazole combined with vitamin E on testicular injury induced by experimental hyperthyroidism in adult albino rats:oxidative/inflammatory/apoptotic pathways

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第4期26卷 396-401页

作者： Ramadan S Hussein moustafa m Eyada Rashad m mostafa Samah m Elaidy Shereen H Elsayed Hany m saad Department of Dermatology College of Medicine Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj 16242Saudi Arabia Department of Dermatology Andrology and STDsAssiut Police HospitalAssiut 71525Egypt Department of Dermatology Venereology and AndrologyFaculty of MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailia 41522Egypt Department of Andrology and Sexology Faculty of MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailia 41511Egypt Department of Clinical Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineSuez Canal UniversityIsmailia 41511Egypt Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 12271Saudi Arabia.

Thyroid hormones play essential roles in spermatogenesis,but their effects on infertile males remain poorly *** study aimed to evaluate the impact of combining carbimazole(CBZ)with vitamin E(VE)on testicular injury induced by experimental hyperthyroidism in adult albino rats,focusing on oxidative,inflammatory,and apoptotic *** this experimental study,64 adult male albino Wistar rats were divided into eight groups:Group I(control-untreated),Group II(CBZ-control),Group III(VE-control),Group IV(CBZ+VE-control),Group V(levothyroxine-induced testicular injury),Group VI(levothyroxine+CBZ-treated),Group VII(levothyroxine+VE-treated),and Group VIII(levothyroxine+CBZ+VE-treated).The study was conducted in the Faculty of medicine,Suez Canal University(Ismailia,Egypt).After cervical decapitation,both testes and epididymis were examined histopathologically and *** differences were observed among groups concerning malondialdehyde(mDA),glutathione(GSH),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and catalase(CAT;all Pmerase chain reaction analysis showed significant differences in tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-10(IL-10),Bcl-2-associated X protein(BAX),B-cell lymphoma 2 protein(Bcl2),p53,Caspase-3,Caspase-8,Caspase-9,and nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)mRNA levels(all Pminiferous tubules and ***,the Group VIII showed improved spermatogenesis and a decrease in testicular side *** addition of VE to the treatment of hyperthyroid rats with CBZ reduced testicular side effects and seminiferous tubular affection when potentially improving *** research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms fully.

关键词： antithyroid drugs testicular injury thyroid gland vitamin E

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Improved combustion stability of biogas at different CO_(2) concentrations using inhomogeneous partially premixed stratified flames

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Global Energy Interconnection 2024年第4期7卷 486-502页

作者： mohy saad mansour maged Kiriakos Lili Hao mohamed Amr Serag-Eldin mechanical Power Engineering Department Cairo University1 Gamaa StreetCairo Governorate 12613Egypt mechanical Engineering Department The American University in CairoAUC AveCairo Governorate 11835Egypt College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816P.R.China

Biogas is a renewable and clean energy source that plays an important role in the current environment of lowcarbon *** high-content CO_(2) in biogas can be separated,transformed,and utilized,it not only realizes high-value utilization of biogas but also promotes carbon reduction in the biogas *** improve the combustion stability of biogas,an inhomogeneous,partially premixed stratified(IPPS)combustion model was adopted in this *** thermal flame structure and stability were investigated for a wide range of mixture inhomogeneities,turbulence levels,CO_(2) concentrations,air-to-fuel velocity ratios,and combustion energies in a concentric flow slot burner(CFSB).A fine-wire thermocouple is used to resolve the thermal flame *** flame size was reduced by increasing the CO_(2) concentration and the flames became lighter *** flame temperature also decreased with increase in CO_(2) *** stability was reduced by increasing the CO_(2) ***,at a certain level of mixture inhomogeneity,the concentration of CO_(2) in the IPPS mode did not affect the ***,the IPPS mode of combustion should be suitable for the combustion and stabilization of *** should support the design of highly stabilized biogas turbulent flames independent of CO_(2) *** data show that the lower stability conditions are partially due to the change in fuel combustion energy,which is characterized by the Wobbe index(WI).In addition,at a certain level of mixture inhomogeneity,the effect of the WI on flame stability becomes dominant.

关键词： Biogas Renewable energy Effect of CO_(2) Combustion stability Burner design Renewable fuels Partial premixed

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mechanical and magneto-electronic properties of europium lanthanide-based cubic perovskites EuYO_(3)(Y=Cr, mn, Fe): An ab initio study

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 562-569,I0005页

作者： Hayat Ullah Azra Sarwar Sajad Ali Rabah Khenata Abdelmadjid Bouhemadou saad Bin-Omran Department of Physics Women University of Azad Jammu&Kashmir Bagh 10250Pakistan Department of Physics Abdul Wali Khan UniversityMardan23200KPPakistan LPQ3m Laboratory Institute of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Mascara29000MascaraAlgeria Laboratory for Developing New materials and Their Characterization Farhat Abbas University Setif l19000SetifAlgeria Department of Physics and Astronomy College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia

Computational calculations using density functional theory(DFT) were performed for the first time using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave plus local orbital method(FP-LAPW + LO) to determine the structural, elastic, electronic and magnetic properties of europium-based cubic perovskites EuYO_(3)(Y=Cr, mn, Fe). The exchange correlation potentials of GGA along with some analytical methods were adopted for the computation of structural and elastic properties. moreover, the GGA + U formalism was also added for obtaining more precise electronic and magnetic properties, particularly to address the Eu-4f and Y-3d orientations in the spin-polarized double cell symmetry. The observed lattice parameters of these compounds are consistent with experiment. The observed bulk moduli predict that EuCrO_(3) is harder and less compressible than EumnO_(3) and EuFeO_(3). The calculated tolerance factors of these compounds are within the cubic symmetry range. Our computed critical radius of EuCrO_(3) shows that EuCrO_(3) has a larger migration energy. Based on their elastic properties, these compounds are ductile in nature. We also computed the thermal properties of these compounds. The band structures and density of states show that these compounds are metallic in character. The lowest ground state energy and magnetic moments of these compounds expose their ferromagnetic nature. The metallic nature and strong ferromagnetism of these compounds make them promising applicants for application in spintronic.

关键词： Perovskites GGA+U Elastic constants Band structure magnetic moments Rare earths

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不同结构AlGaN基深紫外发光二极管性能研究

不同结构AlGaN基深紫外发光二极管性能研究

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作者： ALmAZROI SALWA saad H 北京化工大学

学位级别：硕士

基于AlGaN材料的深紫外发光二极管(DUV LED)具有体积小、能耗低、工作电流小、亮度高和发光响应速度快等优点,发光具有很强的杀菌效果,是汞灯的理想替代品,广泛地用于生物研究和污水处理领域。同时也可以为生物实验室、实验用器具及医... 详细信息

基于AlGaN材料的深紫外发光二极管(DUV LED)具有体积小、能耗低、工作电流小、亮度高和发光响应速度快等优点,发光具有很强的杀菌效果,是汞灯的理想替代品,广泛地用于生物研究和污水处理领域。同时也可以为生物实验室、实验用器具及医院手术室、医疗器具等消毒,在微制造技术和环境科学领域也大有可为,而且还可以用于制造侦测有毒粒子的传感器。由于其很容易与晶体管和集成电路配套使用,是近几年来迅速崛起的半导体光电器件。然而由于材料极化特性、器件结构等一系列因素,导致器件的性能难以与同族材料制备的可见光LED比拟,严重阻碍了其产业化进程。针对上述难题,本论文设计构建了系列DUV LED器件结构,并采用APSYS软件,研究了有源区结构、电子阻挡层结构及p型区结构对器件性能的影响机理,并对器件结构进行了优化设计,获得了以下研究成果。(1)深入研究了有源区结构对器件性能的影响,研究发现在一定范围内增加量子阱(QW)和量子阱势垒(QB)层厚度可以提高载流子注入效率和辐射复合效率,提升内部量子效率(IQE)和总功率。然而,超过一定阈值后,由于量子限制stark效应,导致IQE下降。在本工作中,当QW和QB的厚度分别为3.50、10.00 nm时,器件性能最佳。I-V曲线显示,QW和QB厚度的增加,对器件开启电压几乎没有影响。该研究强调了材料组成、能带对齐和厚度在器件性能优化方面的重要性。优化QW和QB层的厚度可以极大地提高内部量子效率(IQE)和LED总功率。(2)探讨了超晶格电子阻挡层(SL-EBL)对AlGaN DUV LED性能的影响。深入研究了SL-EBL厚度对器件功能的影响,揭示了结构参数和LED性能之间微妙的关系。研究表明,SL-EBL厚度的变化对AlGaN DUV LED的效率有重大影响,随着SL-EBL厚度的增加,IQE和总LED功率均呈现出一致的降低。在所有结构中,较薄的SL-EBL厚度为1.00 nm时可实现最佳性能。此外,分析还探讨了SL-EBL结构和不同铝(Al)组分对SL-EBL性能的影响。对带隙能量的检查显示,较大的SL-EBL层导致导带和价带边缘发生显著变化,表明载流子限制增强,载流子迁移性降低。通过优化SL-EBL结构,可以达到更高的IQE,达到68.37%,强调了精心设计和组成在提高LED性能中的重要性。(3)研究探讨了p型层内Al化合物浓度的变化对器件特性的影响。审查了AlGaN DUV LED的Al比例与效率之间的相关性,以及它们各自的厚度。在优化Al浓度之后,确定了7).(6./7).(6.的配置,第一层厚度为10 nm,第二层厚度为10 nm,可以实现72.12%的内部量子效率(IQE)。该配置在注入电流为500 A/m时,还可实现144.24 W/m的输出功率。

关键词： AlGaN 发光二极管有源区 EBL AlGaN器件结

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Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula:a comprehensive review of the history,classification systems,management,and prognosis

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Chinese Neurosurgical Journal 2024年第1期10卷 48-56页

作者： Ali Alkhaibary Ahoud Alharbi Nada Alnefaie Hajar Alammar Alshaymaa m.Arishy Noor Alghanim Yazeed m.Aldhfyan Arwa Albaiahy Yahya H.Khormi Wael Alshaya saad AlQahatani Ahmed Aloraidi Ahmed Alkhani Sami Khairy College of medicine King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesRiyadhSaudi Arabia King Abdullah International medical Research Center RiyadhSaudi Arabia Division of Neurosurgery Department of SurgeryKing Abdulaziz Medical CityMinistry of National Guard-Health AffairsRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Neurosurgery National Neurosciences InstituteKing Fahad Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia College of medicine Jazan UniversityJazanSaudi Arabia Department of Neurosurgery King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineJazan UniversityJazanSaudi Arabia

Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas account for the majority of spinal vascular *** are typically located in the thoracolumbar region and are diagnosed in the middle-aged and elderly *** spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas have been postulated to be acquired,their exact development remains ***,the arteriovenous shunt is situated close to the spinal nerve root,inside the dura mater,where the blood from the radiculomeningeal artery and radicular vein *** history,there have been multiple classification systems of spinal arteriovenous shunts since *** were mainly based on the evolution of diagnostic studies as well as the treatment of these *** classification systems have undergone significant changes over the *** intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula,spinal dural arteriovenous fistula is progressive in *** neurological manifestations,due to venous congestion,tend to be insidious as well as *** include sensory deficits,such as paresthesia,bilateral and/or unilateral radicular pain affecting the lower limbs,and gait *** dural arteriovenous fistulas can be suspected on magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance angiography and confirmed by digital subtraction angiography(DSA).The management includes surgery,endovascular therapy,and in selected cases,*** treatment goal of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula is to halt the progression of the *** prognosis depends on both the duration of symptoms as well as the clinical condition prior to *** present article comprehensively reviews the pathophysiology,changes in classification systems,natural history,clinical manifestations,radiological features,management,and prognosis.

关键词： Connection Endovascular myelopathy Vascular

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Does the use of double hormone replacement therapy for trauma patient organ donors improve organ recovery for transplant

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第2期14卷 119-125页

作者： Eden m Gallegos Tanner Reed Paige Deville Blake Platt Claudia Leonardi Lillian Bellfi Jessica Dufrene saad Chaudhary John Hunt Lance Stuke Patrick Greiffenstein Jonathan Schoen Alan marr Anil Paramesh Alison A Smith Department of Physiology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70124United States Department of medicine Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70112United States Department of Surgery Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70112United States Department of Trauma Surgery Tacoma General HospitalTacoma 98405United States Department of Public Health Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70112United States Department of Donation Services Louisiana Organ Procurement AgencyCovingtonLA 70433United States Department of Surgery Tulane Transplant InstituteTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112United States

BACKGROUND With an ongoing demand for transplantable organs,optimization of donor management protocols,specifically in trauma populations,is important for obta-ining a high yield of viable organs per *** management of brain-dead potential organ donors(BPODs)is controversial,leading to heterogeneous clinical management *** studies have shown that when levo-thyroxine was combined with other treatments,including steroids,vasopressin,and insulin,BPODs had better organ recovery and survival outcomes were increased for transplant *** To determine if levothyroxine use in combination with steroids in BPODs increased the number of organs donated in trauma *** A retrospective review of adult BPODs from a single level 1 trauma center over ten years was *** criteria included patients who were not solid organ donors,patients who were not declared brain dead(donation after circulatory death),and patients who did not receive steroids in their hospital *** and steroid administration,the number of organs donated,the types of organs donated,and demographic information were *** analyses were performed with Pmet inclusion criteria,69(78%)of whom received levothyroxine and steroids(ST/LT group)vs 19(22%)receiving steroids without levothyroxine(ST group).No differences were observed between the groups for gender,race,pertinent injury factors,age,or other hormone therapies used(P>0.05).In the ST/LT group,68.1%(n=47)donated a high yield(3-5)of organ types per donor compared to 42.1%(n=8)in the ST group(P=0.038).There was no difference in the total number of organ types donated between the groups(P=0.068).CONCLUSION This study suggests that combining levothyroxine and steroid administration increases high-yield organ donation per donor in BPODs in the trauma patient *** to this study include

关键词： Organ donation Trauma Brain death Levothyroxine Hormone replacement therapy Steroids Organ donor Retrospective

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