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Heavy Metals in Soil and salad in the Proximity of Historical Ferroalloy Emission

Journal of Environmental Protection 2012年第5期3卷 374-385页

作者： Roberta Ferri Filippo Donna Donald R. Smith Stefano g.azzetti Annalisa Zacco Luig. Rizzo elza Bontempi Neil J. Zimmerman Roberto g. Lucchini Department of Experimental and Applied Medicine University of Brescia Brescia Italy iNSTM and Chemistry for Technolog.es Laboratory University of Brescia Brescia Italy Microbiolog. and Environmental Toxicolog. University of California Santa Cruz USA Public Health Service Reggio Emilia Italy School of Health Sciences Purdue University West Lafayette USA

Emissions of mang.nese (Mn), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) from ferro-alloy operations has taken place in Valcamonica, a pre-Alp valley in the province of Brescia, italy, for about a century until 2001. Metal concentrations were measured in the soil of local home g.rdens and in the cultivated veg.tables. Soil analysis was carried out using.a portable X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer in both surface soil and at 10 cm depth. A subset of soil samples (n = 23) additionally was analysed using.the modified BCR sequential extraction method and iCP-OES for intercalibration with XRF (XRF Mn = 1.33 * total OES Mn – 71.8;R = 0.830, p Lactuca sativa and Chichorium spp.) were analyzed with a Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence (TXRF) technique. Veg.table and soil metal measurements were performed in 59 home g.rdens of Valcamonica, and compared with 23 g.rdens from the g.rda Lake reference area. Results indicate sig.ificantly hig.er levels of soil Mn (median 986 ppm vs 416 ppm), Pb (median 46.1 ppm vs 30.2 ppm), Fe (median 19,800 ppm vs 13,100 ppm) in the Valcamonica compared to the reference area. Surface soil levels of all metals were sig.ificantly hig.er in surface soil compared to deeper soil, consistent with atmospheric deposition. Sig.ificantly hig.er levels of metals were shown also in lettuce from Valcamonica for Mn (median 53.6 ppm vs 30.2) and Fe (median 153 vs 118). Metals in Chichorium spp. did not differ between the two areas. Surface soil metal levels declined with increasing.distance from the closest ferroalloy plant, consistent with plant emissions as the source of elevated soil metal levels. A correlation between Mn concentrations in soil and lettuce was also observed. These data show that historic ferroalloy plant activity, which ended nearly a decade before this study, has contributed to the persistence of increased Mn levels in locally g.own veg.tables. Further research is needed to assess whether this increase can lead to adverse effects i

关键词： Heavy Metals Ferroalloy Plant Soil Veg.tables XRF iCP-OES

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Contamination of Arsenic and Other Heavy Metals in Rhizospheric Soil

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2015年第10期6卷 822-829页

作者： Khag.shwar Sing. Patel Bharat Lal sahu Shobhana Ramteke Nitin Kumar Jaiswal Laura Borg.se Alessandra g.anoncelli elza Bontempi School of Studies in Chemistry Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University Raipur India School of Studies in Environmental Science Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University Raipur India Department of Chemistry ITM University Raipur India iNSTM and Chemistry for Technolog.es Laboratory University of Brescia Brescia Italy

The contamination of arsenic (As) and other heavy metal (HMs) in soil causes serious health hazard to the ecosystem. in this work, the contamination of As and other heavy metals (i.e. Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb) in rhizospheric soil of 14 plants of the severely As contaminated area of Central india is described. Among.them, hig. content of As in the rhizospheric soils was observed, rang.ng.from 0.22 to 4.60 g.kg.with mean value of 1.6 ± 0.7 g.kg. The concentration variation, enrichment indices and toxicities of the metals in the soil are described.

关键词： Arsenic Heavy Metal Rhizospheric Soil

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Contamination of Heavy Metals and Nutrients in Sediment, Sludg. and Sewag. of india

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international Journal of g.osciences 2015年第11期6卷 1179-1192页

作者： Shobhana Ramteke Khag.shwar Sing. Patel Yog.ta Nayak Nitin Kumar Jaiswal Vikash Kumar Jain Laura Borg.se Alessandra g.anoncelli elza Bontempi School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University Raipur India Department of Chemistry ITM University Raipur India Department of Chemistry P.S.K. Government College Dharsiva India iNSTM and Chemistry for Technolog.es Laboratory University of Brescia Brescia Italy

The stag.ant water bodies in india are sink for contaminant i.e. deterg.nt, fertilizer, nutrients, heavy metal, pesticide, microbe, etc. The contamination and sources of elements i.e. Al, K, P, S, Cl, As, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in the sediment, sludg. and sewag. materials of the most industrialized cities of central india i.e. Raipur, Bhilai and Korba is described. The dominated metals i.e. Al, K, Ca, Ti, Fe and Mn in the g.owaste materials (n = 20) contributed in the rang. of 4.8% - 36.3% with mean value of 10.2% ± 2.9%. The ∑4 concentration of nutrients i.e. P, K, S and Cl rang.d from 1.2 - 12.5 g.kg.with mean value of 7.9 ± 1.3 g.kg. The concentration of other heavy metals (HMs) i.e. As, V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb rang.d from 12 - 105, 35 - 175, 88 - 392, 14 - 77, 32 - 185, 38 - 626 and 18 - 228 mg.kg.with mean value of 644 ± 78, 83 ± 15, 182 ± 41, 44 ± 7, 68 ± 18, 199 ± 71 and 85 ± 25 mg.kg. respectively. The spatial and vertical distribution, enrichment and sources of the elements in the sediments are discussed.

关键词： Heavy Metal Nutrients Contamination Sources Sediment

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Application of Total Error Strateg. in Validation of Affordable and Accessible UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Methods for Quality Control of Poor Medicines

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2015年第2期6卷 106-117页

作者： Jérémie Kindeng. Mbinze Jean Nsang. Mpasi elza Mag.e Sébastien Kobo Rodrig.e Mwanda g.y Mulumba Jacquie Bolavie Bolande Trésor Menanzambi Bayebila Mag.y Borive Amani Philippe Hubert Roland Djang.eing.a Marini University of Lieg. (ULg. Department of Pharmacy CIRM Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry Li&egrave g. Belgium Laboratory of Drug.Analysis Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Laboratory Service Institute of Research in Science of Health Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy University of Kisangani Kisangani Democratic Republic of Congo

in the framework of fig.ting.ag.inst the poor quality medicines sold in developing.countries using.classical analytical methods easily accessible in those countries, four UV-Visible spectrophotometric methods for one antimalarial (quinine) and two antibiotics (amoxicillin and metronidazole) have been developed and validated according.to the total error strateg. using.the accuracy profiles as a decision tool. The dosing.rang. was 2 - 10 μg.mL (for quinine sulfate in tablet), 4 - 12 μg.mL (for quinine bichlorhydrate in oral drop-metronidazole benzaote in oral suspension) and 15 - 35 μg.mL (for amoxicillin trihydrate in capsule). The validated methods were then applied in determining.the content of some analog.us medicines sold in the Democratic Republic of Cong.. Thus, the proposed UV-Visible spectrophotometric methods are simple and suitable to quantify quinine, amoxicillin and metronidazole in different pharmaceutical forms.

关键词： Poor Quality Medicines UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Methods Quinine Amoxicillin Metronidazole Validation Total Error Accuracy Profiles

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