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A review on the mechanisms of low salinity water/surfactant/nanoparticles and the potential synergistic application for c-EOR

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Petroleum Research 2023年第3期8卷 324-337页

作者： Stanley Sim sze Lim Henry Elochukwu Jobrun Nandong Ziad Bennour Mohamed Ali Hamid Chemical and Energy Department Faculty of Engineering and ScienceCurtin University MalaysiaMalaysia School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot Watt UniversityMalaysia

Chemical enhanced oil recovery(c-EOR)is a conventional and promising strategy to recover oil from reservoir techniques such as low salinity water flooding(LSWF),surfactant flooding,alkaline flooding,polymers flooding,and nanofluid *** use of various types of chemical materials for c-EOR method has recently attracted the attention of the oil and gas *** primary objective of this review work is to explore the synergy of low salinity water/surfactant/nanoparticle flooding for effective c-EOR method and investigate the mechanism behind these *** advantages of combining these chemical materials for c-EOR methods is also *** and limitations of this synergy and their economic feasibility for additional oil recovery and potential return on investment are *** have been successfully used in various applications in several industries and have also shown good application for EOR in terms of wettability *** contributes to wettability alteration,while surfactant contributes to wettability alteration and interfacial tension(IFT)***,fines migration caused by LSWF and nanoparticle agglomeration can cause formation damage,while excessive surfactant adsorption can lead to cost overrun on surfactant *** the characteristics of reservoir formation mineralogy and appropriate nanoparticle type,size,and concentration can be used to resolve this *** synergy of LSWF and nanoparticles in alkaline medium can serve as sacrificial agent to reduce excessive surfactant ***,the appropriate synergistic formulation of LSFW/surfactant/nanoparticle can improve additional oil recovery and support return on investment for c-EOR projects.

关键词： Surfactant Low salinity water Nanoparticles Nanofluid Enhanced oil recovery

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Osmoregulation determines sperm cell geometry and integrity for double fertilization in flowering plants

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Molecular Plant 2022年第9期15卷 1488-1496页

作者： Shu-yan Chen Lan Wang Peng-Fei Jia Wei-Cai yang Heven sze Hong-Ju Li State key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Cell Biology&Molecular Genetics University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA

Distinct from the motile flagellated sperm of animals and early land plants,the non-motile sperm cells of flowering plants are carried in the pollen grain to the female *** pollination,a pair of sperm cells are delivered into the embryo sac by pollen tube growth and *** other walled plant cells with an equilibrium between internal turgor pressure and mechanical constraints of the cell walls,sperm cells wrapped inside the cytoplasm of a pollen vegetative cell have only thin and discontinuous cell *** sperm cells are uniquely ellipsoid in shape,although it is unclear how they maintain this shape within the pollen tubes and after *** this study,we found that genetic disruption of three endomembrane-associated cation/H+exchangers specifically causes sperm cells to become spheroidal in hydrated pollens of ***,the released mutant sperm cells are vulnerable and rupture before double fertilization,leading to failed seed set,which can be partially rescued by depletion of the sperm-expressed vacuolar water *** results suggest a critical role of cell-autonomous osmoregulation in adjusting the sperm cell shape for successful double fertilization in flowering plants.

关键词： sperm cell osmoregulation cation/H*exchangers fertilization

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Helicobacter pylori associated gastric intestinal metaplasia:Treatment and surveillance

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第3期22卷 1311-1320页

作者： kevin sze-Hang Liu Irene Oi-Ling Wong Wai k Leung Department of Medicine Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Hong KongHong KongChina

Gastric cancer(GC) is one of the leading causes of cancer related death in the world, particularly in East Asia. According to the Correa's cancer cascade, noncardia GC is usually developed through a series of mucosal changes from non-atrophic gastritis to atrophic gastritis(AG), intestinal metaplasia(IM), dysplasia and adenocarcinoma. Atrophic gastritis and IM are therefore generally considered to be pre-neoplastic gastric lesions. Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection is an important initiating and promoting step of this gastric carcinogenesis cascade. Emerging long-term data showed that eradication of H. pylori reduced the risk of subsequent cancer development. It however remains confusing whether eradication of the bacterium in individuals with pre-neoplastic gastric lesions could regress these changes as well as in preventing cancer. Whilst H. pylori eradication could likely regress AG, the presence of IM may be a point of no return in this cascade. Hence, surveillance by endoscopy may be indicated in those with extensive IM or those with incomplete IM, particularly in populations with high GC risk. The optimal interval and the best tool of surveillance endoscopy remains to be determined in future studies.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Gastric cancer Intestinalmetaplasia Treatment Surveillance

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Predictive control of plug-in electric vehicle chargers with photovoltaic integration

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2018年第6期6卷 1264-1276页

作者： Adrian Soon Theam TAN Dahaman ISHAk Rosmiwati MOHD-MOkHTAR sze Sing LEE Nik Rumzi Nik IDRIS School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia University of Southampton Malaysia Campus UTM-PROTON Future Drive Laboratory Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

This paper presents a model predictive control(MPC) for off-board plug-in electric vehicle(PEV)chargers with photovoltaic(PV) integration using two-level four-leg inverter topology. The PEV charger is controlled by a unified controller that incorporates direct power and current MPC to dynamically control decoupled active-reactive power flow in a smart grid environment as well as to control PEV battery charging and discharging reliably. PV power generation with maximum power tracking is seamlessly integrated with the power flow control to provide additional power generation. Fast dynamic response and good steady-state performance under all power flow modes and various environmental conditions are evaluated and analyzed. From the results obtained, the charger demonstrates less than 1.5% total harmonic distortion as well as low active and reactive power ripple of less than 7% and 8% respectively on the grid for all power flow modes. The PEV battery also experiences a low charging and discharging current ripple of less than 2.5%. Therefore,the results indicate the successful implementation of the proposed charger and its control for PV integrated offboard PEV chargers.

关键词： Plug-in electric vehicles Electric vehicle charger Photovoltaic generation Model predictive control

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The Rice RMR1 Associates with a Distinct Prevacuolar Compartment for the Protein Storage Vacuole Pathway

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Molecular Plant 2011年第5期4卷 854-868页

作者： yun Shen Junqi Wang yu Ding sze Wan Lo Guillaume Gouzerh Jean-Marc Neuhau Liwen Jiang School of Life Sciences Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories Hong Kong China Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology University of Neuchatel CH-2000 Neuchatel Switzerland

Transport of vacuolar proteins from Golgi apparatus or trans-Golgi network （TGN） to vacuoles is a receptor-mediated process via an intermediate membrane-bound prevacuolar compartment （PVC） in plant cells. Both vacuolar sorting receptor （VSR） and receptor homology region-transmembrane domain-RING-H2 （RMR） proteins have been shown to function in transporting storage proteins to protein storage vacuole （PSV）, but little is known about the nature of the PVC for the PSV pathway. Here, we use the rice RMR1 （OsRMR1） as a probe to study the PSV pathway in plants. Immunogold electron microscopy （EM） with specific OsRMR1 antibodies showed that OsRMR1 proteins were found in the Golgi apparatus, TGN, and a distinct organelle with characteristics of PVC in both rice culture cells and developing rice seeds, as well as the protein body type II （PBII） or PSV in developing rice seeds. This organelle, also found in both tobacco By-2 and Arabidopsis suspension cultured cells, is morphologically distinct from the VSR-positive multivesicular lytic PVC or multivesicular body （MVB） and thus represent a PVC for the PSV pathway that we name storage PVC （sPVC）. Further in vivo and in vitro interaction studies using truncated OsRMR1 proteins secreted into the culture media of transgenic By-2 suspension cells demonstrated that OsRMR1 functions as a sorting receptor in transporting vicilin-like storage proteins.

关键词： PSV RMR storage PVC sorting receptor transport pathway.

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Atherosclerosis in the elderly:a heavy burden to bear

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2005年第1期2卷 46-47页

作者： sze Piaw Chin kui Hian Sim Department of Cardiology Sarawak General Hospital KuchingSarawakMalaysia

The World Health Organization estimates there are over thirty-two million major atherothrombotic events occur worldwide each year with nearly seventeen million directly attributable deaths.

关键词： Atherosclerosis in the elderly

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Growth and photosynthesis of Chlorella strains from polar,temperate and tropical freshwater environments under temperature stress

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第4期36卷 1266-1279页

作者： kok-keong LEE Phaik-Eem LIM sze-Wan POONG Chiew-yen WONG Siew-Moi PHANG John BEARDALL Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences University of Malaya Institute of Graduate Studies University of Malaya School of Health Sciences International Medical University National Antarctic Research Centre University of Malaya Institute of Biological Sciences University of Malaya School of Biological Sciences Monash University

Elevated temperatures as a consequence of global warming have significant impacts on the adaptation and survival of microalgae which are important primary producers in many ecosystems. The impact of temperature on the photosynthesis of microalgae is of great interest as the primary production of algal biomass is strongly dependent on the photosynthetic rates in a dynamic environment. Here, we examine the effects of elevated temperature on Chlorella strains originating from different latitudes, namely Antarctic, Arctic, temperate and tropical regions. Chlorophyll fluorescence was used to assess the photosynthetic responses of the microalgae. Rapid light curves(RLCs) and maximum quantum yield( F_v/F_m) were recorded. The results showed that Chlorella originating from different latitudes portrayed different growth trends and photosynthetic performance. The Chlorella genus is eurythermal, with a broad temperature tolerance range, but with strain-specific characteristics. However, there was a large overlap between the tolerance range of the four strains due to their "eurythermal adaptivity". Changes in the photosynthetic parameters indicated temperature stress. The ability of the four strains to reactivate photosynthesis after inhibition of photosynthesis under high temperatures was also studied. The Chlorella strains were shown to recover in terms of photosynthesis and growth(measured as Chl a) when they were returned to their ambient temperatures. Polar strains showed faster recovery in their optimal temperature compared to that under the ambient temperature from which they were isolated.

关键词： Antarctic Arctic Fv/Fm microalgae pigments recovery

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Magnetic activity of the spotted dwarf AP149 in the α Persei open cluster

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2010年第3期10卷 253-265页

作者： Xiang-Song Fang Sheng-Hong Gu sze-Leung Cheung Ho-keung Hui Chi-Tai kwok kam-Cheung Leung National Astronomical Observatories / yunnan Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650011 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Ho koon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre Sik Sik Yuen Hong Kong China Hong kong Astronomical Society Hong Kong China

The simultaneous photometric and spectroscopic observations of the spotted G dwarf AP149 in the young open cluster α Persei are analyzed here. We reconstruct the observed light curves with a two-starspot model by means of a light curve modeling technique, and find that the active regions shift oppositely along longitude on a time scale of one day. Combining with the observational data obtained by other groups, we discuss the evolution of spotted regions in the photosphere, and find that its starspots evolve not only on a short time scale but also on a long time scale. The pure chromospheric emissions for Ca IIHk and Hβ lines are derived by using the spectral subtraction technique. The variation of Ca IIHk lines＇ excess emission is spatially correlated to the starspot regions. There is no clear rotational modulation for the Hβ line＇s excess emission, probably due to the contamination of prominence emission.

关键词： stars: activity -- stars: late-type -- stars: spots -- stars: individual AP149

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Genome sequencing reveals the role of rare genomic variants in Chinese patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第3期7卷 182-189页

作者： Mengmeng Shi Xinyi Leng ying Li Zihan Chen ye Cao Tiffany Chung Bonaventure yM Ip Vincent HL Ip yannie Oy Soo Florence Sy Fan sze Ho Ma karen Ma Anne y y Chan Lisa WC Au Howan Leung Alexander y Lau Vincent CT Mok kwong Wai Choy Zirui Dong Thomas W Leung Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine Ministry of Education(Shenzhen Base)Shenzhen Research InstituteThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenChina Hong kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong KongChina Department of Paediatrics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina The Chinese University of Hong kong-Baylor College of Medicine Joint Center For Medical Genetics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Objectives The predisposition of intracranial atherosclerotic disease(ICAD)to East Asians over Caucasians infers a genetic basis which,however,remains largely *** prevalence of vascular risk factors(VRFs)in Chinese over Caucasian patients who had a stroke,and shared risk factors of ICAD with other stroke subtypes indicate genes related to VRFs and/or other stroke subtypes may also contribute to *** Unrelated symptomatic patients with ICAD were recruited for genome sequencing(GS,60-fold).Rare and potentially deleterious single-nucleotide variants(SNVs)and small insertions/deletions(InDels)were detected in genome-wide and correlated to genes related to VRFs and/or other stroke *** aneuploidies,copy number variants(CNVs)and chromosomal structural rearrangements were also ***,candidate genes were used for pathway and gene ontology enrichment *** Among 92 patients(mean age at stroke onset 61.0±9.3 years),GS identified likely ICAD-associated rare genomic variants in 54.3%(50/92)of ***-eight patients(52.2%,48/92)had 59 rare SNVs/InDels reported or predicted to be deleterious in genes related to VRFs and/or other stroke *** of the 59 rare variants were identified in local subjects without ICAD(n=126).31 SNVs/InDels were related to conventional VRFs,and 28 were discovered in genes related to other stroke *** study also showed that rare CNVs(n=7)and structural rearrangement(a balanced translocation)were potentially related to ICAD in 8.7%(8/92)of ***,candidate genes were significantly enriched in pathways related to lipoprotein metabolism and cellular lipid catabolic *** Our GS study suggests a role of rare genomic variants with various variant types contributing to the development of ICAD in Chinese patients.

关键词： patients metabolism intracranial

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Quantification of Carpaine and Antioxidant Properties of Extracts from Carica Papaya Plant Leaves and Stalks

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2021年第4期6卷 350-358页

作者： Jing ying yap Ching Lik Hii sze Pheng Ong kuan Hon Lim Faridah Abas kar yong Pin Future Food Malaysia Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham MalaysiaJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia School of Pharmacy Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Nottingham MalaysiaJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Department of Food Science Universiti Putra Malaysia43400 SerdangSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Forest Research Institute Malaysia 52109 Kuala LumpurSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia

Significance increase in dengue cases have been recorded worldwide every year and South East Asian countries have been badly ***,antiviral drug to treat dengue is still not available but papaya leaves extract(PLE)have been successfully used in treating dengue *** in PLE is the major active compounds that contributes to the anti-thrombocytopenic activity(raising platelet count in patient’s blood).The PLE also contains polyphenols that contribute to antioxidant *** were carried out to extract and quantify carpaine from young leaves,old leaves and stalks of papaya *** crystalline powders were successfully purified and confirmed by ^(1)H and ^(13)C NMR(Nuclear Magnetic Resonance).young papaya leaves recorded significantly higher amount of carpaine(Pyoung and old leaves and blended young leaves showed significantly much higher amount of carpaine as compared with the unblended samples(Pyphenols content(TPC),young leaves(both unblended and blended samples)contained significantly higher amount of TPC(Py the old leaves and *** also showed relationship between the TPC and the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)assay scavenging activities namely IC_(50)(R^(2)=0.9743)and acid equivalent antioxidant capacity(AEAC)(R^(2)=0.9581).Both young and old leaves also showed significantly higher(Pks in both unblended and blended *** papaya leaves were recommended as source of material to extract carpaine for future development of drug in dengue treatment.

关键词： Antioxidants Carica papaya Carpaine Dengue Total polyphenols

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