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Role of Tip60 tumor suppressor in DNA repair pathway

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第12期56卷 1212-1215页

作者： LIU ZhiJian sun yingli Beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

To prevent the damage caused by DNA strand breaks, eukaryotic cells have evolved a series of highly conserved DNA repair mechanisms. The ubiquitously expressed acetyltransferase, Tip60, plays a central role in ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated) activation which is involved in DNA repair. Recent work uncovered a new mechanism of ATM activation mediated by Tip60 and demonstrated that histone methylation, specifically, trimethylation of histone H3, is a key factor in the process. Here, we review the current understanding of how Tip60 is activated and how it activates ATM in response to DNA damage.

关键词： DNA修复抑癌作用组蛋白H3 DNA链断裂毛细血管扩张修复机制 DNA损伤 ATM

Application of liquid biopsy in precision medicine： opportunities and challenges

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Frontiers of Medicine 2017年第4期11卷 522-527页

作者： Junyun Wang Shuang Chang Guochao Li yingli sun Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine China Gastrointestinal Cancer Research CenterBeijing Institute of GenomicsChineseAcademy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Precision medicine for cancer patients aims to adopt the most suitable treatment options during diagnosis and treatment of individuals. Detecting circulating tumor cell （CTC） or circulating tumor DNA （ctDNA） in plasma or serum could serve as liquid biopsy, which would be useful for numerous diagnostic applications. Liquid biopsies can help clinicians screen and detect cancer early, stratify patients to the most suitable treatment and real-time monitoring of treatment response and resistance mechanisms in the tumor, evaluate the risk for metastatic relapse, and estimate prognosis. We summarized the advantages and disadvantages of tissue and liquid biopsies. We also further compared and analyzed the advantages and limitations of detecting CTCs, ctDNAs, and exosomes. Furthermore, we reviewed the literature related with the application of serum or plasma CTCs, ctDNAs, and exosomes for diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. We also analyzed their opportunities and challenges as future biomarkers. In the future, liquid biopsies could be used to guide cancer treatment. They could also provide the ideal scheme to personalize treatment in precision medicine.

关键词： liquid biopsy circulating tumor cells cell-free ctDNA exosomes precision medicine

Lipid nanomaterials-based RNA therapy and cancer treatment

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第3期13卷 903-915页

作者： Xingcai Zhang Luo Hai Yibo Gao Guocan Yu yingli sun School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridge 02138MAUSA Central Laboratory National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital&Shenzhen HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeShenzhen 518116China Department of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Laboratory of Translational Medicine National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry&Chemical Biology Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101China CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences/China National Center for BioinformationBeijing 100101China

We summarize the most important advances in RNA delivery and *** describe lipid nanoparticle-based RNA therapeutics and the impacts on the development of novel *** fundamental properties of the key RNA members are *** introduced recent advances in the nanoparticles to deliver RNA to defined targets,with a focus on lipid nanoparticles(LNPs).We review recent advances in biomedical therapy based on RNA drug delivery and state-of-the-art RNA application platforms,including the treatment of different types of *** review presents an overview of current LNPs based RNA therapies in cancer treatment and provides deep insight into the development of future nanomedicines sophisticatedly combining the unparalleled functions of RNA therapeutics and nanotechnology.

关键词： Antisense oligonucleotides siRNA miRNA mRNA Cancer treatment Nanomedicine RNA therapy Lipid nanoparticles

Apoptosis of carrot nuclei in in vitro system induced by cytochrome c

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第16期44卷 1497-1502页

作者： Yun Zhao yingli sun Zhengfan Jiang Zhonghe Zhai Peking Univ Coll Life Sci Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

The apoptosis of carrot nuclei induced in cytosol of carrot cells by cytochrome c is reported. This kind of cell-free apoptosis system of plant, CS-100, is an efficient In vitro inducing system. Several typical characteristics of apoptosis including chromatin condensation, margina-tion and apoptotic bodies could be detected, and the degradation of genome in carrot nuclei

关键词： apoptosis cytochrome c cytosol cell-free system carrot nuclei.

Menadione-induced apoptosis and its mechanism in plants

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第4期45卷 350-354页

作者： sun yingli ZHOU Jun DAI Yaoren ZHAI Zhonghe College of Life Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Biology Department Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Menadione can induce apoptosis in tobacco protoplasts, Typical characteristics are detected including the condensation of chromatin, the formation of apoptotic bodies and the degradation of genomic DNA into 'DNA ladder'. Specific DNase is activated during this process. Ca2+ and Mg2+ are necessary for its activation, while 2n2+ and EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) can inhibit its activation. The fragmentation of DNA and lamin can be inhibited by DEVD (Ac-Asp -Glu- Val- Asp-aldehyde). The fragmentation of lamin can also be inhibited by PMSF (Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride) and CH (Cyclohexinide). These results show that activation of specific DNase and proteases is involved in menadion-induced apoptosis in plants.

关键词： tobacco protoplasts menadione apoptosis DNA fragmentation lamin protease.

Specific degradation of keratin in Xenopus laevis egg extracts undergoing apoptosis

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第21期45卷 1977-1981页

作者： Shan Zhu Zhigang Lu yingli sun Zhonghe Zhai Beijing Univ Coll Life Sci Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

Cytochrome c activates apoptosis specific protease XCPP32 when being added to Xenopus laevis egg extracts, and induces apoptosis in this cell-free system. During apoptosis, cyto-skeleton proteins in egg extracts are degraded. Western blot assay indicates that 42-ku acidic keratin in egg extracts has been degraded by XCPP32. The degradation of 42-ku keratin may be crucial in apoptosis.

关键词： apoptosis keratin Xenopus laevis egg extracts cytochrome c XCPP32.

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Are Sensitive to DNA Damage

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2013年第5期11卷 320-326页

作者： Minjie Zhang Caiyun Yang Huixian Liu yingli sun Beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Induced pluripotent stem cells （iPSCs） resemble embryonic stem cells （ESCs） in morphol- ogy, gene expression and in vitro differentiation, raising new hope for personalized clinical therapy. While many efforts have been made to improve reprogramming efficiency, significant problems such as genomic instability of iPSCs need to be addressed before clinical therapy. In this study, we try to figure out the real genomic state of iPSCs and their DNA damage response to ionizing radiation （IR）. We found that iPSC line 3FB4-1 had lower DNA damage repair ability than mouse embryonic fibroblast （MEF） cells, from which 3FB4-11ine was derived. After the introduction of DNA damage by IR, the number of 7-H2AX loci in 3FB4-1 increased modestly compared to a large increase seen in MEF, albeit both significantly （P 〈 0.01）. In addition, whole-genome sequencing analysis showed that after IR, 3FB4-1 possessed more point mutations than MEF and the point mutations spread all over chromosomes. These observations provide evidence that iPSCs are more sensitive to ionizing radiation and their relatively low DNA damage repair capacity may account for their high radiosensitivity. The compromised DNA damage repair capacity of iPSCs should be considered when used in clinical therapy.

关键词： iPSCs MEF cells γ-H2AX DNA damage Whole-genome sequencing

Circulating Tumor DNA as Biomarkers for CancerDetection

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2017年第2期15卷 59-72页

作者： Xiao Han Junyun Wang yingli sun CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine China Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center Beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Detection of circulating tumor DNAs(ct DNAs) in cancer patients is an important component of cancer precision medicine ct DNAs. Compared to the traditional physical and biochemical methods, blood-based ct DNA detection offers a non-invasive and easily accessible way for cancer diagnosis, prognostic determination, and guidance for treatment. While studies on this topic are currently underway, clinical translation of ct DNA detection in various types of cancers has been attracting much attention, due to the great potential of ct DNA as blood-based biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment of cancers. ct DNAs are detected and tracked primarily based on tumorrelated genetic and epigenetic alterations. In this article, we reviewed the available studies on ct DNA detection and described the representative methods. We also discussed the current understanding of ct DNAs in cancer patients and their availability as potential biomarkers for clinical purposes. Considering the progress made and challenges involved in accurate detection of specific cell-free nucleic acids, ct DNAs hold promise to serve as biomarkers for cancer patients, and further validation is needed prior to their broad clinical use.

关键词： Precision medicine Liquid biopsy Circulating tumor DNA Biomarker Clinical diagnosis Cell-free nucleic acids

Phase structure evolution and coercivity mechanism of high-Co containing permanent magnets

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第11期33卷 403-410页

作者： Min Huang Yong Ding Zhihe Zhao Chunguo Wang Bo Zhou Lei Liu yingli sun Aru Yan CISRI & NIMTE Joint Innovation Center for Rare Earth Permanent Magnets CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and DevicesZhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application TechnologyNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The phase structure and magnetic properties of high-Co containing permanent magnets with high thermal stability have been systematically studied in this *** is abnormal that the coercivity of annealed samples was slightly lower than that of sintered samples,while the coercivity was usually enhanced after annealing in conventional Nd–Fe–B *** analysis showed that in addition to RE2(Fe,Co)14B main phase and RE-rich grain boundary phase,there were also new Co-rich magnetic phases located in the grain *** annealing,the phase structures of high-Co containing magnets were readjusted,especially the increasing Co-rich magnetic phase and emerging RE-rich particles precipitated from the main ***,the isolated RE-rich particles would act as the pinning center of the domain wall movement in demagnetization *** was confirmed that the coercivity of annealed high-Co containing magnets was controlled by both nucleation and *** mechanism can partially compensate for the weakening of magnetic isolation due to increased Co-rich magnetic phase,which explained the moderate decrease in coercivity of annealed high-Co containing *** discovery of new coercivity mechanism contributed to in-depth understanding of high-Co containing magnets.

关键词： Co-rich phase pinning coercivity mechanism high-Co containing magnets