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Mutual regulation of microglia and astrocytes after gas6 inhibits spinal cord injury

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 557-573页

作者： Jiewen Chen Xiaolin Zeng Le Wang Wenwu Zhang gang Li xing Cheng Peiqiang su Yong Wan Xiang Li Department of Spine surgery The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina gua.gdong Province Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Invasive inflammation and excessive scar formation are the main reasons for the difficulty in repairing nervous tissue after spinal cord *** and astrocytes play key roles in the spinal cord injury micro-environment and share a close ***,the mechanisms involved remain *** this study,we found that after spinal cord injury,resting microglia(M0)were polarized into pro-inflammatory phenotypes(Mg1 and Mg3),while resting astrocytes were polarized into reactive and scar-forming *** expression of growth arrest-specific 6(gas6)and its receptor Axl were significantly down-regulated in microglia and astrocytes after spinal cord *** vitro experiments showed that gas6 had negative effects on the polarization of reactive astrocytes and pro-inflammatory microglia,and even inhibited the cross-regulation between *** further demonstrated that gas6 can inhibit the polarization of reactive astrocytes by suppressing the activation of the Yes-associated protein signaling ***,in turn,inhibited the polarization of pro-inflammatory microglia by suppressing the activation of the nuclear factor-κB/p65 and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling *** vivo experiments showed that gas6 inhibited the polarization of pro-inflammatory microglia and reactive astrocytes in the injured spinal cord,thereby promoting tissue repair and motor function ***,gas6 may play a role in the treatment of spinal cord *** can inhibit the inflammatory pathway of microglia and polarization of astrocytes,attenuate the interaction between microglia and astrocytes in the inflammatory microenvironment,and thereby alleviate local inflammation and reduce scar formation in the spinal cord.

关键词： astrocytes Axl cell polarization gas6 Hippo signal inflammatory micro-environment intercellular interaction microglia single-cell sequencing spinal cord injury

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Reduced mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor expression by mutant androgen receptor contributes to neurodegeneration in a model of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy pathology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2655-2666页

作者： Yiyang Qin Wenzhen Zhu Tingting guo Yiran Zhang Tingting xing Peng Yin Shihua Li Xiao-Jiang Li su Yang gua.gdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration(Ministry of Education)Guangdong–HongKong–Macao Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy is a neurodegenerative disease caused by extended CAg trinucleotide repeats in the androgen receptor gene,which encodes a ligand-dependent transcription facto *** mutant androgen receptor protein,characterized by polyglutamine expansion,is prone to misfolding and forms aggregates in both the nucleus and cytoplasm in the brain in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy *** aggregates alter protein-protein interactions and compromise transcriptional *** this study,we reported that in both cultured N2a cells and mouse brain,mutant androgen receptor with polyglutamine expansion causes reduced expression of mesencephalic astrocyte-de rived neurotrophic *** n of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor amelio rated the neurotoxicity of mutant androgen receptor through the inhibition of mutant androgen receptor *** down endogenous mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor in the mouse brain exacerbated neuronal damage and mutant androgen receptor *** findings suggest that inhibition of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor expression by mutant androgen receptor is a potential mechanism underlying neurodegeneration in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.

关键词： androgen receptor mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor mouse model neurodegeneration neuronal loss neurotrophic factor polyglutamine disease protein misfolding spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy transcription factor

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Wettability and surface Free Energy Analyses of Monolayer graphene

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Journal of Thermal Science 2018年第4期27卷 359-363页

作者： su Ruixia ZHANg xing Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University

Recently Rafiee et al. experimentally demonstrated the wetting transparency of graphene, but there is still no comprehensive theoretical explanation of this physical phenomenon. Since surface free energy is one of the most important parameters characterizing material surfaces and is closely related to the wetting behavior, the surface free energy of suspended monolayer graphene is analyzed based on its microscopic formation mechanism. The surface free energy of suspended monolayer graphene is shown to be zero, which suggests its super-hydrophobicity. Neumann's equation of state is applied to further illustrate the contact angle, θ, of any liquid droplet on a suspended monolayer graphene is 180 o. This indicates that the van der Waals(vd W) interactions between the monolayer graphene and any liquid droplet are negligible; thus the monolayer graphene coatings exhibit wetting transparency to the underlying substrate. Moreover, molecular dynamics(MD) simulations are employed to further confirm the wetting transparency of graphene in comparison with experimental results of Rafiee et al. These findings provide a fundamental picture of wetting on ideal single atomic layer materials, including monolayer graphene. Thus, these results provide a useful guide for the design and manufacture of biomaterials, medical instruments, and renewable energy devices with monolayer graphene layers.

关键词： monolayer graphene wettability surface free energy Neumann's equation of state contact angle molecular dynamics simulations

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A route for the study on mass transfer enhancement by adding particles in liquid phase

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第8期35卷 158-165页

作者： xing su Ning Qiao Bao-Chang sun College of Chemical and Material Engineering Quzhou UniversityQuzhou 324000China State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High gravity Engineering and Technology Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

This work presents a route for the study on the absorption performance of gas into liquid under the condition of adding particles in a stirred constant temperature *** evaluated systems,hydrogen–water and hydrogen–methanol,with the addition of activated carbon particles(ACP)were carried out,*** results showed that the addition of ACP into the water can enhance the mass transfer between hydrogen and water,the enhancement factor increases rapidly with the increase of the ACP content,and then tends to be ***,for the hydrogen–methanol system,ACP has little effect on the mass transfer *** addition,a gas–liquid mass transfer model considering the effect of solid particle enhancement was established based on the shuttle effect and two-film *** indicated that the predicted value agreed well with the experimental value in both hydrogen–methanol–ACP and hydrogen–water–ACP systems.

关键词： Mass transfer Hydrogen Water Methanol Activated carbon

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A Robust on-Wafer Large Signal Transistor Characterization Method at mm-Wave Frequency

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2019年第4期28卷 871-877页

作者： su Jiangtao CAI Jialin ZHENg xing suN Lingling Key Laboratory of RF Circuits and Systems Ministry of Education

Accurate on-wafer large signal characterization of RF transistor is crucial for the optimum design of wireless communication circuits. We report a novel and systematic measurement method for the accurate acquisition of input and output power of on-wafer transistors up to 40 gHz. This method employs external couplers to extract the travelling waves, combined with a novel large signal calibration algorithm to calculate the power at on-wafer probe tip. The accuracy of this method was bench marked versus conventional approaches in a real measurement bench, and further been verified by characterizing the large signal response of a 0.25μm gaN HEMT device. It is concluded that the measurement uncertainty has been greatly decreased with this new method, especially at mm-wave frequencies.

关键词： Calibration Nonlinear measurement RF power amplifier mm-wave band On-wafer test

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Resilient performance of self-centering hybrid rocking walls with curved interface under pseudo-static loading

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第1期23卷 65-85页

作者： su xing Yan Shi sun Xianglei Wang Tao School of Civil Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu UniversityShenyang 110168China PetroChina East China Design Institute Co. Ltd.Qingdao 266000China Qingdao Country garden Bolin Real Estate Co. Ltd.Qingdao 266100China

Frame and rocking wall(FRW)structures have excellent resilient performance during ***,the concrete at interfacial corners of rocking walls(RWs)is easily crushed due to local extreme compression during the rocking *** innovative RW with a curved interface is proposed to prevent interfacial corners from producing local damage,enhancing its earthquake resilient performance(ERP).The precast wall panel with a curved interface is assembled into an integral self-centering hybrid rocking wall(SCRW)by two post-tensioned unbonded prestressed ***,two ordinary energy dissipation steel rebars and two shear reinforcements are arranged to increase the energy dissipation capacity and lateral *** SCRW specimens and one monolithic reinforced concrete(RC)shear wall(SW)were tested under pseudo-static loading to compare the ERPs of the proposed SCRW and the SW,focusing on studying the effect of the curved interface on the *** key resilient performance of rocking effects,failure modes,and hysteretic properties of the SCRW were *** results show that nonlinear deformations of the SCRW are concentrated along the interface between the SCRW and the foundation,avoiding damage within the *** restoring force provided by the prestressed tendons can effectively realize self-centering capacity with small residual deformation,and the resilient performance of the SCRW is better than that of monolithic *** addition,the curved interface of the SCRW makes the rocking center change and move inward,partially relieving the stress concentration and crush of *** rocking range of the rocking center is about 41.4%of the width of the SCRW.

关键词： self-centering hybrid rocking wall(SCRW) monolithic shear wall(SW) earthquake resilient performance(ERP) curved interface rocking center

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A Fast Two-Tone Active Load-Pull Algorithm for Assessing the Non-linearity of RF Devices

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2022年第1期31卷 25-32页

作者： su Jiangtao CAI Jialing ZHENg xing suN Lingling Key Laboratory of RF Circuits and Systems Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Large Scale Integrated Circuits Design Zhejiang Province

Radio frequency(RF) devices used in modern wireless systems must meet increasingly complicated spectral constraints while still operating with high power efficiency. A fast real-time two-tone active loadpull algorithm is proposed to assess the relationship between nonlinear performance with associated device load impedance variations. This algorithm employs real time measurement data to extract two-tone local nonlinear behaviour model, which is further used for the prediction of injected signal value in the active real-time loadpull system, therefore minimizing the number of iterations required for load emulation. The proposed method was validated on a real two-tone load-pull measurement bench using off-the-shelf instruments. The result shows that the measurement speed has been greatly increased without sacrifice of the impedance emulation *** intelligent two-tone load-pull algorithm is expected to be applied in the designing of modern communication system and radar transmitters, as well as the validation of the models of radio frequency transistors.

关键词： measurement speed real-time load-pull system spectral constraints radio frequency transistors real time measurement data intelligent two-tone load-pull algorithm two-tone local nonlinear behaviour model radio frequency devices impedance emulation accuracy modern communication system modern wireless systems nonlinearity radiocommunication RF devices associated device load impedance variations radar transmitters injected signal value two-tone load-pull measurement bench load emulation high power efficiency fast real-time two-tone active load-pull algorithm nonlinear performance

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Numerical simulation of microwave-induced cracking and melting of granite based on mineral microscopic models

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第7期31卷 1512-1524页

作者： Xiaoli su Diyuan Li Junjie Zhao Mimi Wang xing su Aohui Zhou School of Resources and Safety Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

This study introduces a coupled electromagnetic–thermal–mechanical model to reveal the mechanisms of microcracking and mineral melting of polymineralic rocks under microwave *** tests validate the rationality of the proposed *** microscopic mineral sections into the granite model for simulation shows that uneven temperature gradients create distinct molten,porous,and nonmolten zones on the fracture ***,the varying thermal expansion coefficients and Young's moduli among the minerals induce significant thermal stress at the mineral *** and biotite with higher thermal expansion coefficients are subjected to compression,whereas plagioclase with smaller coefficients experiences tensile *** the molten zone,quartz undergoes transgranular cracking due to theα–βphase *** local high temperatures also induce melting phase transitions in biotite and *** numerical study provides new insights into the distribution of thermal stress and mineral phase changes in rocks under microwave irradiation.

关键词： microwave numerical modeling microcracking phase change granite

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The effects of caudal fin deformation on the hydrodynamics of thunniform swimming under self-propulsion

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第6期32卷 1122-1137页

作者： Yi-kun Feng Yu-min su Huan-xing Liu Yuan-yuan su College of Shipbuilding Engineering Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin150001China Beijing Institute of Specialized Machinery Beijing100081China Science College Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin150001China

To investigate the effects of the caudal fin deformation on the hydrodynamic performance of the self-propelled thunniform swimming,we perform fluid-body interaction simulations for a tuna-like swimmer with thunniform *** 3-D vortices are visualized to reveal the role of the leading-edge vortex(LEV)in the thrust *** comparing the swimming velocity of the swimmer with different caudal fin flexure amplitudes fa,it is shown that the acceleration in the starting stage of the swimmer increases with the increase of fa,but its cruising velocity *** results indicate that the caudal fin deformation is beneficial to the fast start but not to the fast cruising of the *** the entire swimming process,the undulation amplitudes of the lateral velocity and the yawing angular velocity decrease as fa *** is found that the formation of an attached LEV on the caudal fin is responsible for generating the low-pressure region on the surface of the caudal fin,which contributes to the ***,the caudal fin deformation can delay the LEV shedding from the caudal fin,extending the duration of the low pressure on the caudal fin,which will cause the caudal fin to generate a drag-type force over a time period in one swimming cycle and reduce the cruising speed of the swimmer.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)numerical simulation self-propulsion caudal fin deformation

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Activity Recognition with Smartphone Sensors

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2014年第3期19卷 235-249页

作者： xing su Hanghang Tong Ping Ji Computer Science Department Graduate Center the City University of New York Computer Science Department City CollegeCUNY

The ubiquity of smartphones together with their ever-growing computing,networking,and sensing powers have been changing the landscape of people＇s daily *** others,activity recoginition,which takes the raw sensor reading as inputs and predicts a user＇s motion activity,has become an active research area in recent *** is the core building block in many high-impact applications,ranging from health and fitness monitoring,personal biometric signature,urban computing,assistive technology,and elder-care,to indoor localization and navigation,*** paper presents a comprehensive survey of the recent advances in activity recognition with smartphones＇ *** start with the basic concepts such as sensors,activity types,*** review the core data mining techniques behind the main stream activity recognition algorithms,analyze their major challenges,and introduce a variety of real applications enabled by activity recognition.

关键词： activity recognition mobile sensors machine learning data mining pattern recognition

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