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Structure and functional heterogeneity of soil microbial communities in different farmland types on the Loess Plateau

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地球环境学报 2024年第4期15卷 653-664页

作者： XU Chen su cuicui CHEN Yiping MA Jifu WU Junhua JIANG Yao State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Xi’an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research Xi’an 710061China

Background,aim,and scope Soil microbes are important drivers of nutrient transformation and energy f *** forest land for agricultural use may have profound effects on soil properties and microbial ***,the response of soil microbial communities to soil reclamation in the dryland agroecosystem is less ***,it is necessary to investigate the changes of soil microbial communities driven by land use conversion to promote nutrient cycling in reclaimed *** and methods Based on the metagenomic technique,we evaluated the microbial composition and function of the newly created farmland(NF)after reclamation with two types of traditional farmland(slope farmland(SF),checkdam farmland(CF))on the Loess Plateau,and explored the response of nutrient cycling function to dominant genera and soil *** The results showed that Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,and Acidobacteria were prevalent in the three types of *** with SF and CF,NF increased the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Nocardioides,as well as genes related to amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate *** relative abundance of functional genes related to carbon and nitrogen cycling in the NF was higher than that in the traditional farmland(SF and CF).The relative abundance of nutrient cycling functional genes was positively correlated with dominant genera in the three types of *** for pH,soil physicochemical factors were negatively correlated with genes related to amino acid metabolism and carbon *** Previous studies have shown that the nutrient conditions of the soil may intensify the competition between the eutrophic and oligotrophic microbial *** long-term cultivation and fertilization,the soil properties of traditional farmland were significantly different from those of NF,leading to the differentiation of dominant microbial *** usually have functional redundancy to cope wi

关键词： metagenomics microbial function farmland nutrient cycling Loess Plateau

增施有机肥对河西走廊设施沙质土质量及贝贝南瓜生长的影响

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中国瓜菜 2024年第6期37卷 95-103页

作者：张靖周琦王祎刘强施志国马凤捷宿翠翠甘肃省农业工程技术研究院甘肃武威733006 凉州区农业技术推广中心甘肃武威733000

为了提高河西走廊设施沙质土质量,探究有机肥对贝贝南瓜的增产效应,以栗姝5号贝贝南瓜为试验材料,设置有机肥N替代化肥N,氮、磷、钾总量保持一致的6个处理,研究增施有机肥对土壤养分含量、土壤微生物数量以及贝贝南瓜光合指标、产量和... 详细信息

为了提高河西走廊设施沙质土质量,探究有机肥对贝贝南瓜的增产效应,以栗姝5号贝贝南瓜为试验材料,设置有机肥N替代化肥N,氮、磷、钾总量保持一致的6个处理,研究增施有机肥对土壤养分含量、土壤微生物数量以及贝贝南瓜光合指标、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,高配比施用有机肥相比100%化肥处理(T1)可显著提高土壤有机质含量,且贝贝南瓜整个生育期有机质含量以T5处理(80%有机肥N+20%化肥N)最高,相对其他处理提高8.36%~36.18%。适宜的有机无机肥配施相比施用100%化肥和100%有机肥,可显著提高土壤全氮含量,且对应的土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌变化在贝贝南瓜整个生育期较为平缓。在苗期和抽蔓期,土壤有效磷和速效钾含量均以100%有机肥处理(T6)最低,在坐果期和成熟期,有效磷含量以T5处理最低,速效钾含量以T4处理(60%有机肥N+40%化肥N)最低。平均单果质量、果实横径、产量均以T5处理最高,相比其他处理增产4.82%~46.68%。果实内干物质含量随有机肥施用量的增加而增加。增施一定量有机肥相比单施化肥可明显提高贝贝南瓜维生素C含量、可溶性糖含量。综上,T5处理综合表现最佳。

关键词：贝贝南瓜有机肥沙质土壤养分含量微生物数量生长特性产量品质

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不同种植密度与氮肥互作对红花产量及品质的影响

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草业科学 2024年第2期41卷 404-415页

作者：毋玲玲魏玉杰宿翠翠张兆萍陈芳王玉红甘肃省农业工程技术研究院甘肃武威733006 甘肃省特种药源植物种质创新与安全利用重点实验室甘肃武威733006

为明确引黄灌区红花(Carthamus tinctorius)最佳种植密度和适宜氮肥施用量,本试验选用红花‘甘红1号’为试验材料,采用裂区设计,主区为施氮量,副区为种植密度,设3个施N水平(45、90、135 kg·hm^(-2))和4个种植密度(株行距分别为30 cm×6... 详细信息

为明确引黄灌区红花(Carthamus tinctorius)最佳种植密度和适宜氮肥施用量,本试验选用红花‘甘红1号’为试验材料,采用裂区设计,主区为施氮量,副区为种植密度,设3个施N水平(45、90、135 kg·hm^(-2))和4个种植密度(株行距分别为30 cm×60 cm、25 cm×60 cm、25 cm×50 cm、27 cm×40 cm),研究不同施氮量和种植密度对红花产量品质及氮素吸收利用的影响。结果表明,施氮量和种植密度显著影响红花产量品质及氮素利用,农艺性状、产量性状及氮素积累量随着两者的增加呈先增大后降低的趋势。籽粒产量、羟基红花黄色素A (HSYA)、氮素积累量、氮肥表观利用率和氮肥农学利用率受交互作用影响显著,干花产量对种植密度反应敏感。其中,施氮量90 kg·hm^(-2)、株行距25 cm×50 cm条件下,HSYA含量最高,其余指标在施氮量90 kg·hm^(-2)、株行距25 cm×60 cm条件下趋于最大。综合考虑产量、品质、氮素利用协同提高,在引黄灌区红花种植最佳施氮量为90 kg·hm^(-2),种植密度以株行距25 cm×50 cm或25 cm×60 cm为宜。

关键词：引黄灌区农艺形状氮素积累氮肥利用率株行距羟基红花黄色素A 种子含油率

PVDF/BaTiO_(3)纳米纤维膜制备可穿戴传感器用于运动监测

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湖北大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第4期46卷 453-460页

作者：苏翠翠胡晨曦国世上湖北江城实验室湖北武汉430072 武汉大学物理科学与技术学院湖北武汉430072

以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和丙酮为溶剂,制备聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)溶液,并研究不同溶液对静电纺丝行为和纳米纤维结构的影响。采用静电纺丝技术,利用具有铁电性能的钛酸钡纳米颗粒(BaTiO_(3)NPs)作为无机填料,制备了PVDF/BTO纳米复合纤维膜,... 详细信息

以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和丙酮为溶剂,制备聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)溶液,并研究不同溶液对静电纺丝行为和纳米纤维结构的影响。采用静电纺丝技术,利用具有铁电性能的钛酸钡纳米颗粒(BaTiO_(3)NPs)作为无机填料,制备了PVDF/BTO纳米复合纤维膜,以提高PVDF的压电性能。通过调整掺杂比例,发现当BTO掺杂比例为15%时,制备的PVDF/BTO复合纤维薄膜具有良好的压电输出性能。最后,以PVDF/BTO复合纤维薄膜为核心材料,使用铜作为电极,并采用PDMS进行封装,制备了能够识别不同人体运动的压电传感装置,可作为穿戴式传感器对人体运动进行实时监测。

关键词：静电纺丝 PVDF 压电性能可穿戴传感器运动监测

不同消毒方式对特殊药材连作土壤理化性质、酶活性及微生物群落的影响

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山东农业科学 2024年第2期56卷 86-94页

作者：高正睿宿翠翠王玉红张兆萍施志国魏玉杰甘肃省农业工程技术研究院/甘肃省特种药源植物种质创新与安全利用重点实验室甘肃武威733006

为探讨特殊药材连作土壤对不同消毒方式的响应,试验设置T1(棉隆)、T2(棉隆+微生物菌剂)、T3(石灰氮)、T4(石灰氮+微生物菌剂)、T5(微生物菌剂)、CK(清水)6个处理,利用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序平台,研究不同药剂处理对土壤养分、酶活、... 详细信息

为探讨特殊药材连作土壤对不同消毒方式的响应,试验设置T1(棉隆)、T2(棉隆+微生物菌剂)、T3(石灰氮)、T4(石灰氮+微生物菌剂)、T5(微生物菌剂)、CK(清水)6个处理,利用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序平台,研究不同药剂处理对土壤养分、酶活、微生物多样性及群落结构的影响。结果表明:T4和T5处理显著提高了土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和中性磷酸酶的活性;显著提高土壤细菌丰富度与多样性,T2、T4和T5处理可以显著提高土壤真菌丰富度与多样性;土壤细菌群落优势菌门为变形菌门、酸杆菌门、芽单胞菌门,T3和T4处理显著提高有益菌群鞘氨醇单胞菌属的相对丰度,所有处理均提高了有益菌群马赛菌属的相对丰度;土壤真菌群落优势菌门为子囊菌门、接合菌门、担子菌门,所有处理均降低了被孢霉属的相对丰度,T1和T2处理显著降低了致病菌群镰刀菌属的相对丰度;pH值、全氮、水解性氮等理化性质的改变是影响连作土壤微生物群落的重要因素。综上,不同消毒方式处理一定程度上改善了连作土壤养分供应,影响了根际土壤细菌和真菌的群落结构。研究结果可为进一步阐明特殊药材连作障碍的发生机理提供依据。

关键词：土壤消毒连作土壤酶活性土壤微生物群落特殊药材

冬小麦突变新品系‘白鹿181’的遗传构成、品质分析及栽培技术

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中国生态农业学报（中英文） 2024年第10期32卷 1679-1688页

作者：陈怡平陈东刘强毋俊华郭家宏张静闽东红张安静李瑞国郑颖娟赵燕马吉福苏翠翠江瑶魏蓉中国科学院地球环境研究所/黄土科学全国重点实验室西安710061 西北农林科技大学农学院杨凌712100 咸阳市农业科学研究院咸阳712000 西安地球环境创新研究院西安710061

为了选育高产优质小麦新品种,服务国家粮食安全,本研究以‘小偃22’为试验材料,采用CO_(2)激光致死剂量辐射小麦品种‘小偃22’的种子,筛选突变株,检验其稳定性,分析其产量和品质,并探讨突变株‘白鹿181’新品系的栽培技术。结果表明:1... 详细信息

为了选育高产优质小麦新品种,服务国家粮食安全,本研究以‘小偃22’为试验材料,采用CO_(2)激光致死剂量辐射小麦品种‘小偃22’的种子,筛选突变株,检验其稳定性,分析其产量和品质,并探讨突变株‘白鹿181’新品系的栽培技术。结果表明:1)通过小麦660K芯片对‘小偃22’的突变株‘白鹿181’新品系进行遗传构成鉴定,共检测出630517个单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)位点,其中有1个不确定SNP位点,无差异SNPs位点442859个(占70.24%),差异SNPs位点187657个(占29.76%)。以‘小偃22’为模板,发现缺失和变异主要集中在AA、AC、AG、AT、CC、CG、GG、TC、TG和TT单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)上,其中AA、CC、GG和TT分别占19.23%、23.50%、23.40%和19.46%。2)与‘小偃22’相比,激光诱变产生的突变株‘白鹿181’的千粒重和产量3年平均增幅分别为9.31%和5.10%。3)‘白鹿181’的17种氨基酸含量均高于‘小偃22’,籽粒容重增加7.3%,湿面筋指数增加15.4%,稳定时间延长11.0%,最大拉伸阻力增加34.8%。4)不同施肥量和播种量对‘白鹿181’产量和千粒重均有不同程度的影响。从产量和千粒重综合考虑,在施750 kg·hm^(-2)氮肥条件下,每公顷播种180 kg种子的效益可实现最大化。研究结果表明,‘白鹿181’较适宜于关中平原等黄河中游地区种植,‘白鹿181’新品系的培育,为丰富我国小麦种质资源以及选育优质高产新品种提供了新材料。

关键词：冬小麦 ‘小偃22’ ‘白鹿181’ 激光诱变育种栽培技术

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Spin‑controlled topological phase transition in non‑Euclidean space

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第1期17卷 67-76页

作者： Zhuochen Du Jinze Gao Qiuchen Yan cuicui Lu Xiaoyong Hu Qihuang Gong State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano‑OptoelectronicsBeijing Academy of Quantum Information SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurements of Ministry of Education Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic SystemsSchool of PhysicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics Nantong 226010China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088China

Modulation of topological phase transition has been pursued by researchers in both condensed matter and optics research fields,and has been realized in Euclidean systems,such as topological photonic crystals,topological metamaterials,and coupled resonator ***,the spin-controlled topological phase transition in non-Euclidean space has not yet been ***,we propose a non-Euclidean configuration based on Mobius rings,and we demonstrate the spin-controlled transition between the topological edge state and the bulk *** Mobius ring,which is designed to have an 8πperiod,has a square cross section at the twist beginning and the length/width evolves adiabatically along the loop,accompanied by conversion from transverse electric to transverse magnetic modes resulting from the spin-locked *** 8πperiod Mobius rings are used to construct su–Schrieffer–Heeger configuration,and the configuration can support the topological edge states excited by circularly polarized light,and meanwhile a transition from the topological edge state to the bulk state can be realized by controlling circular *** addition,the spin-controlled topological phase transition in non-Euclidean space is feasible for both Hermitian and non-Hermitian cases in 2D *** work provides a new degree of polarization to control topological photonic states based on the spin of Mobius rings and opens a way to tune the topological phase in non-Euclidean space.

关键词： Topological phase transition Non-Euclidean space Möbius ring Spin-locked effect

Identification and characterization of human hematopoietic mesoderm

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 320-331页

作者： Yuqi Wen Jingjing Zhao Runqing Zhang Fan Liu Xiaoyuan Chen Dan Wu Mengge Wang cuicui Liu Pei su Panpan Meng Yiyue Zhang Xin Gao Lu Wang Hongtao Wang Jiaxi Zhou State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesHaihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemInstitute of Hematology&Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin 300020China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science Tianjin 301600China CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineTianjin 300020China Division of Cell Developmental and Integrative BiologySchool of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

The embryonic mesoderm comprises heterogeneous cell subpopulations with distinct lineage *** is unclear whether a bias for the human hematopoietic lineage emerges at this early developmental *** this study,we integrated single-cell transcriptomic analyses of human mesoderm cells from embryonic stem cells and embryos,enabling us to identify and define the molecular features of human hematopoietic mesoderm(HM)cells biased towards hematopoietic *** discovered that BMP4 plays an essential role in HM specification and can serve as a marker for HM ***,BMP4 acts as a downstream target of HDAC1,which modulates the expression of BMP4 by deacetylating its *** of HDAC significantly enhances HM specification and promotes subsequent hematopoietic cell *** conclusion,our study identifies human HM cells and describes new mechanisms for human hematopoietic development.

关键词： hematopoietic mesoderm human pluripotent stem cells human embryos BMP4 HDAC1

Information‑entropy enabled identifying topological photonic phase in real space

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第2期17卷 1-9页

作者： Rui Ma Qiuchen Yan Yihao Luo Yandong Li Xingyuan Wang cuicui Lu Xiaoyong Hu Qihuang Gong State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics&Department of Physics Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter&Frontiers Science Center for Nano‑OptoelectronicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak‑Light Nonlinear Photonics TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of PhysicsNankai UniversityTianjin 300457China College of Mathematics and Physics Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurements of Ministry of Education Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic SystemsSchool of PhysicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics Nantong 226010China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China

The topological photonics plays an important role in the fields of fundamental physics and photonic *** traditional method of designing topological system is based on the momentum space,which is not a direct and convenient way to grasp the topological properties,especially for the perturbative structures or coupled ***,we propose an interdisciplinary approach to study the topological systems in real space through combining the information entropy and topological *** a proof of concept,the Kagome model has been analyzed with information *** reveal that the bandgap closing does not correspond to the topological edge state *** method can be used to identify the topological phase conveniently and directly,even the systems with perturbations or *** a promotional validation,su-Schrieffer-Heeger model and the valley-Hall photonic crystal have also been studied based on the information entropy *** work provides a method to study topological photonic phase based on information theory,and brings inspiration to analyze the physical properties by taking advantage of interdisciplinarity.

关键词： Information entropy Kagome model Topological photonic phase