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Symptom presentation and evolution in the first 48 hours after injury are associated with return to play after concussion in elite Rugby Union

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 387-397页

作者： Ross Tucker Matt Cross Keith Stokes Lindsay Starling Rosy Hyman Simon Kemp stephen West Martin Raftery Eanna Falvey James Brown Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine(ISEM) Department of ExerciseUniversity of StellenboschTygerberg 7505South Africa World Rugby Ltd. Dublin D02 AE93Ireland Premiership Rugby London SW1V 1PXUK Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in SportUniversity of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK UK Collaborating Centre on Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport(UKCCIIS) University of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK Rugby Football Union London TW27BAUK London School of Tropical Medicine London WC1E 7HTUK Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada Department of Medicine School of Medicine and HealthUniversity College CorkCork T12 EC8PIreland Carnegie Applied Rugby Research(carr)centre Carnegie School of SportLeeds Beckett UniversityLeeds LS63QSUK

Background:Return to play(RTP)in elite rugby is managed using a 6-stage graduated RTP protocol,which can result in clearance to play within 1 week of *** aimed to explore how symptom,cognitive,and balance presentation and evolution during concussion screens 2 h(head injury assessment(HIA2)and 48 h(HIA3)after injury were associated with time to RTP)to identify whether a more conservative graduated RTP may be ***:A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 380 concussed rugby players from elite men’s rugby over 3 consecutive *** were classified as shorter or longer returns,depending on whether RTP occurred within 7 days(allowing them to be considered to play the match 1 week after injury)or longer than 8 days,***,cognitive,and balance performance during screens was assessed relative to baseline(normal or abnormal)and to the preceding screen(improving or worsening).Associations between sub-test abnormalities and RTP time were explored using odds ratios(OR,longer ***).Median day absence was compared between players with abnormal or worsening results and those whose results were normal or ***:Abnormal symptom results during screens 2 h and 48 h after concussion were associated with longer return time(HIA2:OR=2.21,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.39-3.50;HIA3:OR=3.30,95%CI:1.89-5.75).Worsening symptom number or severity from the time of injury to 2 h and 48 h post-injury was associated with longer return(HIA2:OR=2.49,95%CI:1.36-4.58;HIA3:OR=3.34,95%CI:1.10-10.15).Median days absence was greater in players with abnormal symptom results at both HIA2 and *** and balance performance were not associated with longer return and did not affect median days ***:Symptom presentation and evolution within 48 h of concussion were associated with longer RTP *** may guide a more conservative approach to RTP,while still adhering to individualized concussion management principles.

关键词： Brain injury Concussion management General return to play Medical management

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Structures of magnetic null points in reconnection diffusion region:Cluster observations

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第12期53卷 1880-1886页

作者： HU YunHui DENG XiaoHua ZHOU Meng TANG RongXin ZHAO Hui FU Song SU ZhiWen WANG JingFang YUAN ZhiGang R. NAKAMURA W. BAUMJOHANN H. REME C. M. carr School of Electronic Information State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 China State Key Laboratory of Space Weather Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of Sciences 6 A-8042 Graz Austria Centre d'Etudes Spatiale des Rayonnements BP 4346 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4 France The Blackett Laboratory Imperial College London SW7 2BZ UK

Magnetic reconnection is a very important and fundamental plasma process in transferring energy from magnetic field into plasma. Previous theory, numerical simulations and observations mostly concen-trate on 2-dimensional (2D) model; however, magnetic reconnection is a 3-dimensional (3D) nonlinear process in nature. The properties of reconnection in 3D and its associated singular structure have not been resolved completely. Here we investigate the structures and characteristics of null points inside the reconnection diffusion region by introducing the discretized Poincaré index through Gauss integral and using magnetic field data with high resolution from the four satellites of Cluster mission. We esti-mate the velocity and trajectory of null points by calculating its position in different times, and compare and discuss the observations with different reconnection models with null points based on character-istics of electric current around null points.

关键词：三维磁零点扩散现象等离子体能量转换

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在历史魅力与现代奢华之间寻求平衡——HBA谈和平饭店及外滩华尔道夫饭店改造

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现代装饰 2010年第11期 38-39页

作者： lan carr

上海的天际线正让世界各大都市艳羡。过去10多年里，建设热潮在上海这个中国商业之都兴起，城市与建筑的关系也彻底改变。简而言之，人们相信庞大而大胆的建筑是美丽的，城市以惊人的速度向天际扩张。在黄浦江两岸，摩天大楼鳞次栉比，... 详细信息

上海的天际线正让世界各大都市艳羡。过去10多年里，建设热潮在上海这个中国商业之都兴起，城市与建筑的关系也彻底改变。简而言之，人们相信庞大而大胆的建筑是美丽的，城市以惊人的速度向天际扩张。在黄浦江两岸，摩天大楼鳞次栉比，这种视觉冲击仿佛象征着上海和中国的经济腾飞的雄心。

关键词： HBA 饭店改造道夫外滩平衡历史摩天大楼

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Broadcast news handbook : 2nd ed.

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2004年

作者： C.A. Tuggle Forrest carr Suzanne Huffman.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Google让我们变傻?

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发现 2008年第10期 48-49页

作者： Nicholas carr

Google宣布开发"完美的搜索引擎",它能够"正确地理解你的意思,并给予你想要的任何东西"。然而,这样的福音是要花代价得到的。我们从它那里得到的信息片段越多,我们的大脑就越深地陷入到快捷模式中,失去的不仅是传统的深度阅读,也失去了... 详细信息

Google宣布开发"完美的搜索引擎",它能够"正确地理解你的意思,并给予你想要的任何东西"。然而,这样的福音是要花代价得到的。我们从它那里得到的信息片段越多,我们的大脑就越深地陷入到快捷模式中,失去的不仅是传统的深度阅读,也失去了智力思考的能力

关键词：大脑人工智力太空漫游打字机信息片段网址 Google 福音东西深度阅读

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跨过隔离栅的电涌:数字隔离器确立加强绝缘的标准

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今日电子 2014年第10期 42-43页

作者： David carr ADI公司

传统上,光耦合器用于隔离多种电气设备中潜在的危险电压。如今,基于变压器或容性耦合技术的现代数字隔离器得到了广泛应用。基于变压器的数字隔离器拥有诸多优势,比如高性能、集成功能、低功耗、出色的长期可靠性,以及更高的易用性等。

关键词：数字隔离器隔离栅标准绝缘电涌危险电压电气设备光耦合器

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第三颗子弹

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作者： (美.carr John Dickson)卡尔

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低聚糖／木质素／腐植酸与植物生长素相互作用的分子模拟

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计算机与应用化学 2007年第5期24卷 583-585页

作者：周霞萍王震亚朱贻安黄琛 John.carr Tianrui Shen 华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院上海200237 华东理工大学化学工程学院上海200237 华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院上海200237 University of Cambridge Cambridge UK

在农林废弃物苹果渣的综合利用中,可以酶解制备乙醇,再制备腐植酸类物质。本文用分子模拟Dmol3程序,以戊糖合成低聚糖的过程,来推测逆反应的难易;以计算所得的低聚糖、木质素、腐植酸与植物生长素吲哚酸(IAA)的相互作用活化能,来验证果... 详细信息

在农林废弃物苹果渣的综合利用中,可以酶解制备乙醇,再制备腐植酸类物质。本文用分子模拟Dmol3程序,以戊糖合成低聚糖的过程,来推测逆反应的难易;以计算所得的低聚糖、木质素、腐植酸与植物生长素吲哚酸(IAA)的相互作用活化能,来验证果渣-生化腐植酸物质中自身组分间的作用机理。结果表明:在少保护条件下,最不易合成1-4位低聚糖,相应该结合位的解聚也难;而低聚糖、木质素、腐植酸与植物生长素吲哚酸作用,其活化能是:低聚糖<木质素<生化腐植酸;该结果也有助于解释生化腐植酸类物质的缓释和控释的作用。

关键词：低聚糖木质素生化腐植酸植物生长素模拟活化能

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