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Photonics Research 2018年第7期6卷 726-733页

作者： SILVIA ROMANO GIANLUIGI ZITO stefania torino GIUSEPPE CALAFIORE ERIKA PENZO GIUSEPPE COPPOLA STEFANO CABRINI IVO RENDINA VITO MOCELLA Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems Unit of Naples National Council of Research Institute of Protein Biochemistry National Council of Research Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Molecular Foundry Division

The realization of an efficient optical sensor based on a photonic crystal metasurface supporting bound states in the continuum is reported. Liquids with different refractive indices, ranging from 1.4000 to 1.4480, are infiltrated in a microfluidic chamber bonded to the sensing dielectric metasurface. A bulk liquid sensitivity of 178 nm/RIU is achieved, while a Q-factor of about 2000 gives a sensor figure of merit up to 445 in air at both visible and infrared excitations. Furthermore, the detection of ultralow-molecular-weight(186 Da) molecules is demonstrated with a record resonance shift of 6 nm per less than a 1 nm thick single molecular layer. The system exploits a normal-to-the-surface optical launching scheme, with excellent interrogation stability and demonstrates alignment-free performances, overcoming the limits of standard photonic crystals and plasmonic resonant configurations.

关键词：高效光学传感器折射率理论研究通讯技术

Does the provision of live black soldier fly and yellow mealworm larvae improve Muscovy duck welfare?

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 442-455页

作者： Marta Gariglio Sihem Dabbou Manuela Renna Ilaria Biasato Sara Bellezza Oddon Marco Meneguz Raul Daniel Miazzo stefania Bergagna Elena Colombino Elisabetta Macchi Achille Schiavone Department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinLargo Paolo Braccini 2GrugliascoTorino(TO)10095Italy Center Agriculture Food Environment(C3A) University of TrentoVia Edmund Mach 1San Michele All’AdigeTrento(TN)38098Italy Department of Agricultural Forest and Food SciencesUniversity of TurinLargo Paolo Braccini 2GrugliascoTorino(TO)10095Italy BEF Biosystems s.r.l Via Tancredi Canonico 18/CTorino(TO)10156Italy Unidad de Investigacion Aviar Produccion AvicolaFac.Agr.y Vet.Universidad Nacional de Rio CuartoCordobaArgentina Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte Liguria and Valle d’AostaVia Bologna 148Torino(TO)10154Italy

Background The provision of environmental enrichments to Muscovy ducks could reduce the expression of the aggressive *** aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of black soldier fly(BSF)and yellow mealworm(YM)live larva provision on Muscovy duck performance,excreta corticosterone metabolites(ECM),behavior,and blood *** A total of 1263-day-old female Muscovy ducklings were allotted to 18 pens(6 replicates/treatment,7 birds/pen)and assigned to 3 experimental treatments:a control group fed commercial feed,and two experimental treatments fed commercial feed plus the 5%(based on the expected daily feed intake,as fed basis)of BSF and YM live larvae(BSF and YM groups,respectively).A two-phase feeding program was applied:starter(from 3 to 31 days of age)and grower-finisher(from 32 to 55 days of age).The live weight,average daily gain,average daily feed intake,and feed conversion ratio were *** consumption times were collected,and video recordings were performed during 3 periods(P)each day:the hour before(P1),during(P2),and after(P3)the larva *** were evaluated at 3,31,and ***,the total red and white blood cell counts,serum proteins,lipids,and liver and renal function serum enzymes were evaluated on 12 birds/*** The experimental treatment did not affect the growth performance of the birds(P>0.05).Larva consumption times were always similar between the two insect species,except at 14–18 days of age,were BSF larvae were consumed faster than YM larvae(PP3;P<0.05).Finally,the provision of live BSF and YM larvae significantly reduced the ECM at 55 days of age and the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio(P<0.05).Conclusions Live BSF and YM larva supplementatio

关键词： Behavior Cairina moschata Environmental enrichment Hermetia illucens Poultry Tenebrio molitor Welfare

Anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effect of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles in chronic kidney disease

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BIOCELL 2023年第7期47卷 1499-1508页

作者： GIULIA CHIABOTTO stefania BRUNO Department of Medical Sciences University of TorinoTorino10126Italy Molecular Biotechnology Center University of TorinoTorino10126Italy

Renal fibrosis and inflammation are common pathological features of chronic kidney disease(CKD).Since currently available treatments can only delay the progression of CKD,the outcome of patients with CKD is still *** therapeutic option for the prevention of CKD-related complications could be the use of mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs),which have shown beneficial effects in tissue fibrosis and regeneration after ***,safety issues,such as cellular rejection and carcinogenicity,limit their clinical *** the bioactive factors secreted by MSCs,extracellular vesicles(EVs)have shown the same beneficial effect of MSCs,without any notable side *** heterogeneous population of membranous nano-sized particles can deliver genetic material and functional proteins to injured cells,prompting tissue *** we describe the anti-fibrotic and antiinflammatory properties of MSC-derived EVs in CKD preclinical models and summarize the potential molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of renal fibrosis and inflammation.

关键词： Chronic kidney disease Renal fibrosis Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition Mesenchymal stromal cell Extracellular vesicles

Correlation between impedance spectroscopy and bubble-induced mass transport in the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第4期31卷 500-507页

作者： stefania Lettieri Juqin Zeng M.Amin Farkhondehfal Umberto Savino Marco Fontana Candido F.Pirri Adriano Sacco Center for Sustainable Future Technologies@Polito Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaVia Livorno 6010144 TorinoItaly Department of Applied Science and Technology Politecnico di TorinoCorso Duca degli Abruzzi 2410129 TorinoItaly

In the electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide, high currents need to be employed to obtain large production rates, thus implying that mass transport of reactants and products is of crucial *** aspect can be investigated by employing a model that depicts the local environment for the reduction reactions. Simultaneously, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, despite being a versatile technique, has rarely been adopted for studying the mass transport features during the carbon dioxide(CO_(2))electroreduction. In this work, this aspect is deeply analyzed by correlating the results of impedance spectroscopy characterization with those obtained by a bubble-induced mass transport modeling under controlled diffusion conditions on a gold rotating disk electrode. The effects of potential and rotation rate on the local environment are also clarified. In particular, it has been found that CO_(2) depletion occurs at high kinetics when the rotation is absent, giving rise to an increment of the competing hydrogen evolution reaction. This feature reflects in an enlargement of the diffusion resistance, which overcomes the charge transport one.

关键词： Carbon dioxide conversion Impedance spectroscopy Mass transport Modeling Rotating disk electrode

Increased population density reduces body growth and female investment in a simultaneous hermaphrodite

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Current Zoology 2017年第2期63卷 151-157页

作者： Elio CANNARSA stefania MECONCELLI Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology Universita di Torino Via Accademia Albertina 13 10123 Torino Italy.

Sex allocation theory applied to hermaphrodites assumes that there is a trade off between the allocation of resources to male and female functions, within a fixed reproductive resource budget. Charnov's classic resource allocation model predicts a more female-biased sex allocation when competition among different sperm donors is low due to diminishing fitness returns for male investment. By manipulating the social group size, one automatically changes the population density at which individuals live. Increasing population density may affect reproductive allocation, leading to resource competition and/or to increased concentration of harmful metabolites. This could lead to an over- or underestimation of the individual adjustment of sex allocation responses to mating opportunities. In this article, we tested the effects of density and social group size separately on female investment and body growth (considered as proxy of the overall energy budget) in the simultaneously hermaphroditic polychaete worm . We manipulated social group size (i.e., monogamous and promiscuous regimes) and density (i.e., 4 levels) using a full-factorial design, to identify the underlying factor affecting female allocation (in terms of egg production) and body growth. In contrast to findings of previous experiments, we found that an increase in population density reduced body growth and egg production of hermaphrodites irrespective of social group size. We advance the hypothesis that the increase of catabolites and oxygen consumption in high-density conditions reduces the overall resource budget and this could obscure group size effects on female fecundity.

关键词： Ophryotrocha diadema body growth female fecundity mating group size resource budget

Year-round multi-scale habitat selection by Crested Tit(Lophophanes cristatus)in lowland mixed forests(northern Italy)

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Avian Research 2022年第4期13卷 461-467页

作者： Alessandro Berlusconi Alessio Martinoli Lucas AWauters Giulia Tesoro stefania Martini Erminio Clerici Gualtiero Guenzani Gabriele Pozzi Diego Rubolini Michelangelo Morganti Adriano Martinoli Environment Analysis and Management Unit-Guido Tosi Research Group-Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences Universita degli Studi dell’InsubriaVia J.H.Dunant 321100VareseItaly CNR-IRSA National Research Council–Water Research Institute Via del Mulino 1920861BrugherioMBItaly Gruppo Insubrico di Ornitologia c/o Civico Museo Insubrico di Storia Naturale di Clivio e Induno OlonaVia Manzoni21050ClivioVAItaly Parco Pineta di Appiano Gentile e Tradate Via Alessandro Manzoni1122070Castelnuovo BozzenteCOItaly e Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita Biologia dei Sistemi Universita degli Studi di TorinoVia Accademia Albertina 1310123TurinItaly Conservation Department LIPU-Birdlife Italia Via Udine 3/a43122ParmaItaly Department of Environmental Science and Policy Universita degli Studi di MilanoVia Celoria 2620122MilanItaly

Determining how animals respond to resource availability across spatial and temporal extents is crucial to understand ecological processes underpinning habitat ***,we used a multi-scale approach to study the year-round habitat selection of the Crested Tit(Lophophanes cristatus)in a semi-natural lowland woodland of northern Italy,analysing different habitat features at each *** performed Crested Tit censuses at three different spatial *** the macrohabitat scale,we used geolocalized observations of individuals to compute Manly's habitat selection index,based on a detailed land-use map of the study *** the microhabitat scale,the trees features were compared between presence and absence *** the foraging habitat scale,individual foraging birds and their specific position on trees were recorded using focal animal *** were performed during both the breeding(March to May)and wintering(December to January)*** the macrohabitat scale,the Crested Tits significantly selected pure and mixed pine forests and avoided woods of alien plant species,farmlands and urban *** the microhabitat scale,old pine woods with dense cover were selected,with no significant difference in the features of tree selection between the two phenological *** the foraging habitat scale,the species was observed spending more time foraging in the canopies than in the understorey,using mostly the portion of Scots Pine(Pinus sylvestris)canopies closer to the trunk in winter,while during the breeding period,the whole canopy was ***,breeding and wintering habitats largely overlapped in the Crested *** on our findings,lowland Crested Tits can be well defined as true habitat specialists:they are strictly related to some specific coniferous woodland ***,compared to other tit species,which normally show generalist habits during winter,the Crested Tit behaves as a habitat specialist also out of the breeding ***

关键词： Crested tit Functional response Habitat selection Multi-scale approach Scots pine

Chitosan conduits enriched with fibrin-collagen hydrogel with or without adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the repair of 15-mm-long sciatic nerve defect

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1378-1385页

作者： Marwa El Soury óscar Darío García-García Isabella Tarulli Jesús Chato-Astrain Isabelle Perroteau Stefano Geuna stefania Raimondo Giovanna Gambarotia Víctor Carriel Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences University of TorinoTorinoItaly Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi University of TorinoTorinoItaly Department of Histology Tissue Engineering GroupUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADAGranadaSpain

Hollow conduits of natural or synthetic origins have shown acceptable regeneration results in short nerve gap repair;however,results are still not comparable with the current gold standard technique“autografts”.Hollow conduits do not provide a successful regeneration outcome when it comes to critical nerve gap *** the lumen of conduits with different extracellular materials and cells could provide a better biomimicry of the natural nerve regenerating environment and is expected to ameliorate the conduit *** this study,we evaluated nerve regeneration in vivo using hollow chitosan conduits or conduits enriched with fibrin-collagen hydrogels alone or with the further addition of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a 15 mm rat sciatic nerve transection *** changes in the hydrogel consistency and structural stability in vivo led to a failure of nerve regeneration after 15 ***,the molecular assessment in the early regeneration phase(7,14,and 28 days)has shown an upregulation of useful regenerative genes in hydrogel enriched conduits compared with the hollow *** composed of fibrin-collagen were able to upregulate the expression of soluble NRG1,a growth factor that plays an important role in Schwann cell *** further enrichment with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells has led to the upregulation of other important genes such as ErbB2,VEGF-A,BDNF,c-Jun,and ATF3.

关键词： adipose-derived stem cells chitosan conduit fibrin and collagen hydrogel nerve regeneration nerve repair neuregulin 1 peripheral nerve sciatic nerve

Chronically denervated distal nerve stump inhibits peripheral nerve regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第5期12卷 739-740页

作者： Giulia Ronchi stefania Raimondo Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences University of TorinoOrbassano(To)Italy Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi(NICO) Orbassano(To)Italy

Schwann cells（SCs）and peripheral nerve regeneration：SCs are the principal glial cells of the peripheral nervous system（PNS）.In a healthy nerve,myelinating SCs wrap around larger caliber motor and sensory axons to form the myelin sheath,whereas non-myelinating SCs envelop and support multiple small diameter sensory axons to form Remak ***,they form a basal lamina which surround each SC-axon unit（Hall,2005）.When a peripheral nerve injury occurs,

关键词： SC cell NRG down length

New insights on the standardization of peripheral nerve regeneration quantitative analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第5期10卷 707-709页

作者： Giulia Ronchi stefania Raimondo Stefano Geuna Giovanna Gambarotta Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences University of TorinoOrbassano (To)Italy Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO) Orbassano (To)Italy Neuroscience Institute of torino (NIT) Interdepartmental Centre of Advanced Studies in NeuroscienceUniversity of TorinoItaly

Peripheral nerves form a complex network connecting the central nervous system and the body. Injuries to peripheral nerves often lead to partial or complete loss of motor, sen- sory and autonomic functions, thus inter... 详细信息

关键词： gene RNA New insights on the standardization of peripheral nerve regeneration quantitative analysis very

Chitosan tubes enriched with fresh skeletal muscle fibers for delayed repair of peripheral nerve defects

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第6期14卷 1079-1084页

作者： AlessANDro Crosio Benedetta Elena Fornasari Giovanna Gambarotta Stefano Geuna stefania Raimondo Bruno Battiston Pierluigi Tos Giulia Ronchi Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology II-Surgery for Hand and Upper Limb-AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di torino-CTO Hospital Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences University of Torino Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi University of Torino UO Microchirurgia e Chirurgia della Mano Ospedale Gaetano Pini

Nerve regeneration after delayed nerve repair is often unsuccessful. Indeed, the expression of genes associated with regeneration, including neurotrophic and gliotrophic factors, is drastically reduced in the distal stump of chronically transected nerves; moreover, Schwann cells undergo atrophy, losing their ability to sustain regeneration. In the present study, to provide a three-dimensional environment and trophic factors supporting Schwann cell activity and axon re-growth, we combined the use of an effective conduit(a chitosan tube) with a promising intraluminal structure(fresh longitudinal skeletal muscle fibers). This enriched conduit was used to repair a 10-mm rat median nerve gap after 3-month delay and functional and morphometrical analyses were performed 4 months after nerve reconstruction. Our data show that the enriched chitosan conduit is as effective as the hollow chitosan conduit in promoting nerve regeneration,and its efficacy is not statistically different from the autograft, considered the "gold standard" technique for nerve reconstruction. Since hollow tubes not always lead to good results after long defects(> 20 mm), we believe that the conduit enriched with fresh muscle fibers could be a promising strategy to repair longer gaps, as muscle fibers create a favorable three-dimensional environment and release trophic factors. All procedures were approved by the Bioethical Committee of the University of torino and by the Italian Ministry of Health(approval number: 864/2016/PR) on September 14, 2016.

关键词： tubulization Schwann cells scaffold tissue engineering nerve reconstruction morphometrical analyses grasping test secondary repair median nerve nerve regeneration