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On generation source sites of internal waves in the Luzon Strait

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2008年第3期27卷 38-50页

作者： ZHENG Quanan song y tony LIN Hui HU Xiaomin MENG Junmin WANG Dan Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California USA Institute of Space and Earth Information Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China First Institute of Oceanography. State Oceanic Administration. Oingdao 266061. China

This effort aims to determine the generation source sites in the Luzon Strait for energetic, long-crest, transbasin internal waves （IW） observed in the northern South China Sea （NSCS）. The roles of islands distributed on eastern side of the strait, Kuroshio, submarine ridges, shoaling thennocline, and strait configuration played in the IW generation are examined using the cruise data analysis, satellite data interpretation, and dynamical analysis. The islands and channels on eastern side of the strait are excluded from a list of possible IW source sites owing to their unmatched horizontal dimensions to the scale of IW crest line length, and the relative low Reynolds number. The Kuroshio has a potential to be a radiator for the long-crest IW disturbances, meanwhile, the Kurosbio west （east） wing absorbs the eastward （westward） propagating IW disturbance. Namely, the Kuroshio blockades the outside west-east propagating IW disturbances. The 3-D configuration of the Luzon Strait is characterized by a sudden, more than one order widening of the cross-section areas at the outlets on both sides, providing a favorable condition for IW type initial disturbance formation. In the Luzon Strait, the thermocline is featured by a westward shoaling all the year around, providing the dynamical conditions for the amplitude growth （declination） to the westward （eastward） propagating IW type disturbance. Thus, the west slope of western submarine ridge at the western outlet of the Luzon Strait is a high possibility source sites for energetic, long-crest, transbasin IWs in the NSCS. The interpretation results of satellite SAR images during a 13 a period from 1995 to 2007 provide the convincing evidence for the conclusions.

关键词： ocean internal waves solitary waves Luzon Strait satellite SAR image

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Dynamical analysis of mesoscale eddy-induced ocean internal waves using linear theories

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2008年第3期27卷 60-69页

作者： XU Qing ZHENG Quanan LIN Hui LIU yuguang song y tony yUAN yeli Institute of Space and Earth Information Science The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California USA Key Laboratory for Marine Science and Numerical Modeling of State Oceanic Administration First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China

This study aims to explore generation mechanisms of the ocean internal wave using the dynamical analysis methods based on linear theories. Historical cruise measurements and recent synthetic aperture radar （SAR） observations of mesoscale eddies with diameter of several tens of kilometers to hundreds of kilometers show that the internal wave packets with wavelength of hundreds of meters to kilometer exist inside the mesoscale eddies. This coexistence phenomenon and inherent links between the two different scale processes are revealed in the solutions of governing equations and boundary conditions for the internal wave disturbance with a horizontally slowly variable amplitude in a cylindrical coordinate system. The theoretical solutions indicate that the instability of eddy current field provides the dynamical mechanism to internal wave generation. The derived dispersion relation indicates that the internal wave propagation is modified by the eddy current field structure. The energy equation of the internal waves clearly shows the internal wave energy increment comes from the eddy. The theoretical models are used to explain the observation of the mesoscale eddy-induced internal waves off the Norwegian coast. The two-dimensional waveform solution of the anticyclonic eddy-induced internal wave packet appears as ring-shaped curves, which contains the typical features of eddy stream lines. The comparison of theoretical solutions to the structure of the internal wave packets on SAR image shows a good agreement on the major features.

关键词： ocean internal waves mesoscale eddy current field instability SAR image

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Remote regioselective organocatalytic asymmetric [3+2] cycloaddition of N-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl isatin ketimines with cyclic 2,4-dienones

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2020年第2期31卷 377-380页

作者： Chuncheng Zou yuanyuan Han Chuikun Zeng tony yZhang Jinxing ye Gonghua song Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry Ministry of EducationEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemistry Biology East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

An organocatalytic asymmetric [3+2] cycloaddition of trifluoromethyl-containing azomethine ylides with cyclic 2,4-dienones was *** process enables efficient incorporation of CF3 groups into functionalized spiro [pyrro... 详细信息

关键词： Organocatalysis Spiro oxindole skeleton [3+2]cycloaddition Cyclic 2,4-dienones CF3 group

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Performance assessment of innovative seismic resilient steel knee braced frame

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016年第3期10卷 291-302页

作者： tony T. y. yANG yuanjie LI International Joint Research Laboratory of Eearthquake Engineering 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200002 China Department of Civil Engineering University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6T1Z4 Canada

Buckling restrained knee braced truss moment frame （BRKBTMF） is a novel and innovative steel structural system that utilizes the advantages of long-span trusses and dedicated structural fuses for seismic applications. Steel trusses are very economical and effective in spanning large distance. However, conventional steel trusses are typically not suitable for seismic application, due to its lack of ductility and poor energy dissipation capacity. BRKBTMF utilizes buckling restrained braces （BRBs） as the designated structural fuses to dissipate the sudden surge of earthquake energy. This allows the BRKBTMF to economically and efficiently create large span structural systems for seismic applications. In this paper, a prototype BRKBTMF office building located in Berkeley, California, USA, was designed using performance-based plastic design procedure. The seismic performance of the prototype building was assessed using the state-of-the-art finite element software, OpenSees. Detailed BRB hysteresis and advanced element removal technique was implemented. The modeling approach allows the simulation for the force-deformation response of the BRB and the force redistribution within the system after the BRBs fracture. The developed finite element model was analyzed using incremental dynamic analysis approach to quantify the seismic performance of BRKBTMF. The results show BRKBTMF has excellent seismic performance with well controlled structural responses and resistance against collapse. In addition, life cycle repair cost of BRKBTMF was assessed using the next-generation performance-based earthquake engineering framework. The results confirm that BRKBTMF can effectively control the structural and non-structural component damages and minimize the repair costs of the structure under different ranges of earthquake shaking intensities. This studies conclude that BRKBTMF is a viable and effective seismic force resisting system.

关键词： buckling restrained brace innovative structural system collapse simulation seismic assessment

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Nanotechnology Powered CRISPR-Cas Systems for Point of Care Diagnosis and Therapeutic

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Research 2023年第3期2022卷 155-156页

作者： Chen-zhong Li tony y.Hu Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTulane University School of Medicine1324Tulane Ave.New OrleansLA70112US

Inspired by the successful application of Cas9 gene editing for“genome surgery,”we are looking back at what has been accomplished in the ten years of CRISPR *** effort is now focused on how to utilize the unique functions of CRISPR-Cas systems for molecular diagnostics and the next generation of therapeutic ***-Cas systems have two major advantages for gene editing that render them attractive for these new applications,specifically the ability to easily control their target recognition specificity and to couple this specificity to a targeted or secondary cleavage ***,despite the great potential of CRISPR/Cas for both gene editing and diagnosis,its medical applications have yet to be fully realized due factors that limit their delivery or utility for point-of-care(POC)*** this editorial note,we discuss how nanotechnology can address challenges associated with new CRISPR applications and what nanotechnology-specific advances are needed to circumvent remaining barriers that limit the development or use of new CRISPR/CAS-based genome editing and diagnostic approaches.

关键词： limit specificity utilize

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Fabrication of multi-level 3-dimension microstructures by phase inversion process

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Nano-Micro Letters 2010年第2期2卷 95-100页

作者： y.song Key Laboratory of Aerospace Materials and Performance (Education Ministry of China) Beihang University

One process based on phase inversion of fillers in microstructures for the fabrication of multi-level three-dimensional(3-D) microstructures is described using SU-8, a kind of epoxy photoresist, as the model constructing materials. This process is depicted by use of the routine photolithography technique to construct the top layer of 3-D microstructures on the bottom layer of 3-D microstructures layer by layer. This process makes it possible to fabricate multi-level 3-D microstructures with connectors at desired locations, and to seal long span microstructures(e.g. very shallow channels with depth less than 50 μm and width more than 300 μm) without blockage. In addition, this process can provide a sealing layer by the solidification of a liquid polymer layer, which can be as strong as the bulk constructing materials for microstructures due to a complete contact and cross-linking between the sealing layer and the patterned layers. The hydrodynamic testing indicates that this kind of sealing and interconnection can endure a static pressure of more than 10 MPa overnight and a hydrodynamic pressure drop of about 5.3 MPa for more than 8 hours by pumping the tetrahydrofuran solution through a 60 μm wide micro-channels.

关键词： Microstructures Multi-level Fabrication Photolithography Phase inversion Sealing

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Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy for pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in the 21^(st) century

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第33期20卷 11467-11485页

作者： tony Trang Johanna Chan David y Graham Department of Medicine Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX 77030 United States

Restitution of normal fat absorption in exocrine pancreatic insufficiency remains an elusive goal. Although many patients achieve satisfactory clinical results with enzyme therapy, few experience normalization of fat absorption, and many, if not most, will require individualized therapy. Increasing the quantity of lipase administered rarely eliminates steatorrhea but increases the cost of therapy. Enteric coated enzyme microbead formulations tend to separate from nutrients in the stomach precluding coordinated emptying of enzymes and nutrients. Unprotected enzymes mix well and empty with nutrients but are inactivated at pH 4 or below. We describe approaches for improving the results of enzyme therapy including changing to, or adding, a different product, adding non-enteric coated enzymes,(e.g., giving unprotected enzymes at the start of the mealand acid-protected formulations later), use of antisecretory drugs and/or antacids, and changing the timing of enzyme administration. Because considerable lipid is emptied in the first postprandial hour, it is prudent to start therapy with enteric coated microbead prior to the meal so that some enzymes are available during that first hour. Patients with hyperacidity may benefit from adjuvant antisecretory therapy to reduce the duodenal acid load and possibly also sodium bicarbonate to prevent duodenal acidity. Comparative studies of clinical effectiveness of different formulations as well as the characteristics of dispersion, emptying, and dissolution of enteric-coated microspheres of different diameter and density are needed; many such studies have been completed but not yet made public. We discuss the history of pancreatic enzyme therapy and describe current use of modern preparations, approaches to overcoming unsatisfactory clinical responses, as well as studies needed to be able to provide reliably effective therapy.

关键词： Pancreatic insufficiency Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy Lipase Clinical trials Steator-rhea Fat malabsorption Chronic pancreatitis

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Chrysanthemum indicum ethanol extract attenuates hepatic stellate cell activation in vitro and thioacetamide-induced hepatofibrosis in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2021年第11期11卷 500-509页

作者： yun-Jin Chae Sushruta Koppula Myong-Ki Kim tony yoon MinDong song Department of Applied Life Science Graduate School of Konkuk University268 Chungwon-daeroChungju-siChungbuk27478Republic of Korea Department of Biotechnology College of Biomedical and Health SciencesKonkuk University268 Chungwon-daeroChungju-siChungbuk27478Republic of Korea Research Institute and College of Biomedical&Health Science Konkuk University268 Chungwon-daeroChungju-siChungbuk27478Republic of Korea Scholar Foxtrot Co. LTD501SinGwan-dong 5FJongam-ro 36-gilSeongbuk-guSeoul02796Republic of Korea Department of Food Science and Engineering Seowon UniversityCheongjuChungbuk 28674Republic of Korea Food One Corp 127Sincheoksandan 5-roDeoksan-eupJincheon-gunChungbuk 27850Republic of Korea

Objective:To investigate the antifibrotic effects of Chrysanthemum indicum ethanol extract(CIEE)against activated hepatic stellate cells(HSC)and thioacetamide(TAA)-induced hepatofibrosis in ***:Cell viability and proliferation of HSC-T6 cells were measured using MTT *** HSCs were used to study ***(200 mg/kg)was used to induced hepatic fibrosis in ***(100 and 500 mg/kg)and silymarin(50 mg/kg)were administered *** functions including alanine transaminase,aspartate transaminase,glutathione,and hydroxyproline levels were measured using commercial *** sections and fibrotic biomarker expression were measured using hematoxylin and eosin staining and real-time polymerase chain ***:In vitro study revealed that CIEE(0.1,0.25,and 0.5 mg/mL)inhibited the proliferation of activated HSCs exposed to transforming growth factor(TGF)-β and restored the activated primary HSC *** in vivo studies,TAA-induced increase in liver/body weight ratio(5.46±0.26)was significantly reduced(4.13±0.22)by CIEE(Py significantly attenuating changes in alanine transaminase,aspartate transaminase,glutathione,and hydroxyproline levels(Py(Py protects against TAA-induced liver damage in rats and can be used in the treatment of liver fibrosis.

关键词： Chrysanthemum indicum Fibrosis Hepatoprotective Hydroxyproline Thioacetamide

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Exploitation of Fenton and Fenton-like reagents as alternative conditioners for alum sludge conditioning

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第1期21卷 101-105页

作者： Maha A. tony y. Q. Zhao Aghareed M. Tayeb Centre for Water Resources Research School of Architecture Landscape and Civil Engineering University College Dublin Newstead Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland. Basic Science of Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Minoufiya University Minoufiya 32511 Egypt Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Minia University Minia 61111 Egypt

The use of Fenton＇s reagent （Fe^2＋/H2O2） and Fenton-like reagents containing transition metals of Cu（Ⅱ）, Zn（Ⅱ）, Co（Ⅱ）, and Mn（Ⅱ） for an alum sludge conditioning to improve its dewaterability was investigated. The results obtained were compared with those obtained from conditioning the same alum sludge using cationic and anionic polymers. Experimental results show that Fenton＇s reagent was the best among the Fenton and Fenton-like reagents for the alum sludge conditioning. A considerable effectiveness of capillary suction time （CST） reduction efficiency of 47% can be achieved under test conditions of Fe^2＋/H2O2 = 20/125 mg/g DS （dry solid） and pH 6.0. The observation of floc-like particles after Fenton＇s reagent conditioning of alum sludge suggested that the mechanism of Fenton＇s reagent conditioning was different from that of polymer conditioning. In spite of the lower efficiency in the CST reduction of Fenton＇s reagent in alum sludge conditioning compared to that of polymer conditioning, Fenton＇s reagent offers a more environmentally safe option. Tiffs study provided an example of proactive treatment engineering, which is aimed at seeking a safe alternative to the use of polymers in sludge conditioning towards achieving a more sustainable sludge management strategy.

关键词： alum sludge conditioning Fenton and Fenton-like reagents organic polymers cost estimate

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Strategies for advanced personalized tuberculosis diagnosis:Current technologies and clinical approaches

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Precision Clinical Medicine 2021年第1期4卷 35-44页

作者： Xuerong Chen tony y.Hu Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics School of MedicineTulane UniversityNew OrleansLA 70112USA

Diagnosis of tuberculosis can be difficult as advances in molecular diagnosis approaches(especially nanoparticles combined with high-throughput mass spectrometry for detecting mycobacteria peptide)and personalized medicine result in many changes to the diagnostic *** review will address issues concerning novel technologies from bench to bed and new strategies for personalized tuberculosis diagnosis.

关键词： tuberculosis molecular diagnosis personalized medicine

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