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Association between smoking,pancreatic insulin secretion and insulin resistance in Chinese subjects with or without glucose intolerance

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Chinese Medical Journal 2007年第24期120卷 2233-2237页

作者： KO Gary Tin-Choi TONG Peter Chun-Yip so wing-yee COCKRAM Clive S. CHAN Juliana Chung-Ngor Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity Hong Kong China Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin N.T. Hong KongChina

Background There are studies suggesting smoking may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. Effects of smoking on insulin secretion and insulin resistance （IR） are, however, controversial. Methods This is a cross-sectional study. Since there were very few smokers among Hong Kong Chinese women, only men （n=-1068） were analyzed in this report. Fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose and insulin were measured. Insulinogenic index as well as beta-cell function and IR based on homeostatic model assessment （HOMA） by computer model （HOMA Calculator v2.2） were calculated. Results Of the 1068 men, 147 had newly diagnosed diabetes, 131 newly diagnosed impaired glucose tolerance （IGT） and 790 were non-diabetic normal controls. Smokers had similar fasting and 2-hour insulin levels, insulinogenic index and HOMA derived beta-cell function as compared to non-smokers in the groups with diabetes, IGT or normal oral glucose tolerance test （OGTT）. IR was also similar between smokers, ex-smokers and non-smokers in those with normal OGTT. In men with IGT or diabetes, after adjustment for age and body mass index, smokers were more insulin resistant as compared to non-smokers （IR, IGT： 1.59±1.07 vs 1.03±0.54, P〈0.05; diabetes： 1.96±1.36 vs 1.06±0.45, P〈0.01）. With Logistic regression analysis, comparing smokers and non-smokers, IR was independently associated with smoking （odds ratio （95% C/）, IGT： 2.23 （1.05, 4.71）; diabetes： 3.92 （1.22, 12.58））. None of the other insulin parameters enter into the model among those with normal OGTT or comparing ex-smokers and non-smoker or smokers and ex-smokers. Conclusions In Chinese men, smoking did not show any direct association with insulin levels and pancreatic insulin secretion. Smoking men with IGT or diabetes appeared more insulin resistant than their non-smoking counterparts.

关键词： smoking diabetes mellitus insulin Chinese

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Molecular basis of von Hippel-Lindau syndrome in Chinese patients

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Chinese Medical Journal 2011年第2期124卷 237-241页

作者： SIU Wai-kwan MA Ronald Ching-wan LAM Ching-wan MAK Chloe Miu YUEN Yuet-ping LO Fai-man Ivan CHAN Kin-wan LAM Siu-fung LING Siu-cheung TONG Sui-fan so wing-yee CHOW Chun-chung TANG Mary Hoi-yin TAM wing-hung CHAN Albert Yan-wo Department of Pathology Princess Margaret Hospital Hong Kong China Department of Medicine & Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Hong Kong China Department of Pathology Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital Hong Kong China Clinical Genetic Service Department of Health Hong Kong China Department of Medicine and Geriatrics Princess Margaret Hospital Hong Kong China Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Princess Margaret Hospital Hong Kong China Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Tsan Yuk Hospital Hong Kong China Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Hong Kong China

Background Von Hippel-Lindau （VHL） syndrome is an autosomal dominant familial cancer syndrome predisposing the affected individuals to multiple tumours in various *** genetic basis of VHL in southern Chinese is largely *** this study,we characterized the mutation spectrum of VHL in nine unrelated southern Chinese *** Nine probands with clinical features of VHL,two symptomatic and eight asymptomatic family members were included in this *** diagnosis was performed twice for one *** probands had only isolated bilateral *** VHL gene was screened for mutations by polymerase chain reaction,direct sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification （MLPA）.Results The nine probands and the two symptomatic family members carried heterozygous germline *** different VHL mutations were identified in the nine *** splicing mutation,NM_000551.2：c.463＋1G〉T,was *** other seven VHL mutations,c.233A〉G [***78Ser],c.239G〉T [***80lle],c.319C〉G [***107Gly],c.481C〉T [***161X],c.482G〉A [***161GIn],c.499C〉T [***167Trp] and an exon 2 deletion,had been previously *** asymptomatic family members were positive for the mutation and the other five tested *** prenatal diagnosis,the fetuses were positive for the *** Genetic analysis could accurately confirm VHL syndrome in patients with isolated tumours such as sporadic phaeochromocytoma or epididymal papillary *** detection in asymptomatic family members allows regular tumour surveillance and early intervention to improve their ***-based diagnosis can have an important impact on clinical management for VHL families.

关键词： von Hippel-Lindau syndrome VHL gene Chinese VHL mutations

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Multi-omics analysis of attenuated variant reveals potential evaluation marker of host damaging for SARS-CoV-2 variants

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 83-95页

作者： Guangshan Xie Lin Zhu Siwen Liu Cun Li Xin Diao Yanhao Zhang Xiuli Su Yuanyuan song Guodong Cao Li Zhong Pui Wang Xiaojuan Liu Bobo wing-yee Mok Shusheng Zhang Dong-Yan Jin Jie Zhou Honglin Chen Zongwei Cai State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong SARChina State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Department of MicrobiologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina College of Chemistry Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Biomedical Sciences The University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina HKBU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Continuing Education Shenzhen 518000China

SARS-CoV-2 continues to threaten human society by generating novel variants via mutation and *** high number of mutations that appeared in emerging variants not only enhanced their immune-escaping ability but also made it difficult to predict the pathogenicity and virulence based on viral nucleotide *** markers for evaluating the pathogenicity of new variants are therefore *** comparing host responses to wild-type and variants with attenuated pathogenicity at proteome and metabolome levels,six key molecules on the polyamine biosynthesis pathway including putrescine,SAM,dc-SAM,ODC1,SAMS,and SAMDC were found to be differentially upregulated and associated with pathogenicity of *** validate our discovery,human airway organoids were subsequently used which recapitulates SARS-CoV-2 replication in the airway epithelial cells of COVID-19 *** ODC1 as a proof-ofconcept,differential activation of polyamine biosynthesis was found to be modulated by the renin-angiotensin system(RAS)and positively associated with ACE2 *** experiments demonstrated that ODC1 expression could be differentially activated upon a panel of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern(VOCs)and was found to be correlated with each VOCs’pathogenic ***,the presented study revealed the discriminative ability of key molecules on polyamine biosynthesis as a predictive marker for virulence evaluation and assessment of SARS-CoV-2 variants in cell or organoid *** work,therefore,presented a practical strategy that could be potentially applied as an evaluation tool for the pathogenicity of current and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 multi-omics attenuated variant predictive pathogenic marker polyamine biosynthesis

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Outlook of PINK1/Parkin signaling in molecular etiology of Parkinson's disease,with insights into Pink1 knockout models

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Zoological Research 2023年第3期44卷 559-576页

作者： Zhangting Wang See-wing Chan Hui Zhao Kai-Kei Miu Wai-yee Chan School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Kunming Institute of Zoology-The Chinese University of Hong Kong(KIZ-CUHK)Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common Diseases Hong Kong SARChina Hong Kong Branch of CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics School of Biomedical SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine Ministry of EducationSchool of Biomedical SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

Parkinson’s disease(PD)relates to defective mitochondrial quality control in the dopaminergic motor *** studies have revealed that PINK1 and Parkin mutations are indicative of a heightened propensity to PD onset,pinpointing mitophagy and inflammation as the culprit pathways involved in neuronal loss in the substantia nigra(SNpc).In a reciprocal manner,LRRK2 functions in the regulation of basal flux and inflammatory responses responsible for PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy *** intervention in these diseasemodifying pathways may facilitate the development of novel PD therapeutics,despite the current lack of an established drug evaluation *** such,we reviewed the feasibility of employing the versatile global Pink1knockout(KO)rat model as a self-sufficient,spontaneous PD model for investigating both disease etiology and drug *** rats retain clinical features encompassing basal mitophagic flux changes with PD *** demonstrate the versatility of this PD rat model based on the incorporation of additional experimental insults to recapitulate the proinflammatory responses observed in PD patients.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Mitophagy Inflammatory response Genetic model Pink1 KO rats

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Rational design of platinum(Ⅱ)complexes with orthogonally oriented triazolyl ligand with emission enhancement characteristics for cancer chemotherapy in vivo

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Science China Chemistry 2023年第10期66卷 2878-2884页

作者： Yeye Ai Zherui Zhang Yuexuan Fei Ruirong Ye Angela Sin-yee Law Zong-Wan Mao Junqiu Liu Yongguang Li Vivian wing-Wah Yam Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education College of Material Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China Institute of Molecular Functional Materials State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

The mitochondria are essential for tumorigenesis and have been regarded as important targets in cancer ***,the mitochondria-targeted platinum(Ⅱ)complexes have been *** introduction of the triazole group with larger steric hindrance through post-click reaction converts the hybridization of carbon from sp to sp^(2),endowing the complexes with an orthogonally oriented ligand with restricted rotation and emission enhancement *** of the triazolyl ligand has led to platinum(Ⅱ)complexes that can efficiently enter cancer cells and selectively accumulate in mitochondria,leading to significant enhancement in *** vivo anti-cancer investigations have demonstrated their distinct antitumor efficacy in substantial inhibition of tumor growth in breast cancer mice through dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential,inducing apoptosis of tumor cell with negligibly systemic cytotoxicity.

关键词： platinum(Ⅱ)complexes post-click reaction emission enhancement mitochondria-targeting antitumor

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Predicting factors contributing to knowledge, attitudes and practices relating to Zika virus infection among the general public in Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2020年第7期13卷 314-321页

作者： Kingston Rajiah Mari Kannan Maharajan May yee Woo Yew wing yee Shi Mun Cheah Mai Ya Zhe Department of Pharmacy Practice School of PharmacyInternational Medical UniversityKuala Lumpur 57000Malaysia School of Pharmacy International Medical UniversityKuala Lumpur 57000Malaysia

Objective: To identify the predicting factors that contribute to knowledge, attitude and practices relating to Zika virus infection among the general public in ***: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a validated self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was done for participants’ socio-demographic profile. Contingency table analysis was done to analyse the associations between knowledge, attitudes, and practices(KAP) scores and socio-demographic profile. A Bonferroni-corrected P-value was used to find the significance of the associations and multiple comparisons were performed in a single data set. To determine the linear relationship between each independent variable and the dependent variable, Spearman rank correlation was performed. Cohen’s correlation coefficient was evaluated to determine the strength of the effect size. Multiple correlations and regression analyses were performed to identify independent variables that predicts the dependent ***: Multiple correlation analyses were conducted between respondents’ KAP score and independent variables(Age >60 years;Female gender;Selangor state;At least 1 pregnant woman per household). The independent variables such as ‘Female gender’, ‘Selangor state’ and ‘At least 1 pregnant woman per household’ were positively and significantly correlated with KAP score whereas, age >60 years was negatively and significantly correlated with the KAP ***: There were associations between four independent factors and the KAP scores, while only three factors contributed to changes in KAP scores among the public. Among these contributing factors, respondents’ age group was the strongest predictor.

关键词： Zika virus Infection Public Malaysia Predictors

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Potential Antiviral Target for SARS-CoV-2:A Key Early Responsive Kinase during Viral Entry

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CCS Chemistry 2022年第1期4卷 112-121页

作者： Siwen Liu Lin Zhu Guangshan Xie Bobo wing-yee Mok Zhu Yang Shaofeng Deng Siu-Ying Lau Pin Chen Pui Wang Honglin Chen Zongwei Cai State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases Department of MicrobiologyThe University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong SAR 999077 State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis Department of ChemistryHong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloonHong Kong SAR 999077 HKBU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Continuing Education Shenzhen 518000 Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College Zhuhai 519087

Currently,there is no effective antiviral medication for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and the knowledge on the potential therapeutic target is in great *** by a time-course transmission electron microscope(TEM)imaging,we analyzed early phosphorylation dynamics within the first 15 min during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)viral *** on alterations in the phosphorylation events,we found that kinase activities such as protein kinase C(PKC),interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4(IRAK4),MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 3(MARK3),and TANK-binding kinase 1(TBK1)were affected within 15 min of *** of the corresponding kinase inhibitors of PKC,IRAK4,and p38 showed significant inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 ***,proinflammatory cytokine production was reduced by applying PKC and p38 *** an acquisition of a combined image data using positiveand negative-sense RNA probes,as well as pseudovirus entry assay,we demonstrated that PKC contributed to viral entry into the host cell,and therefore,could be a potential COVID-19 therapeutic target.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 viral entry phosphoproteomics early responsive kinase antiviral target PKC

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Inhalation of nanoparticle-based drug for lung cancer treatment:Advantages and challenges

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2015年第6期10卷 481-489页

作者： wing-Hin Lee Ching-yee Loo Daniela Traini Paul M.Young Respiratory Technology Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of PharmacologySydney Medical SchoolThe University of SydneyNSW 2037Australia

Ever since the success of developing inhalable insulin,drug delivery via pulmonary administration has become an attractive route to treat chronic *** delivery system for nanotechnology is a relatively new concept especially when applicable to lung cancer ***-based systems such as liposome,polymeric nanoparticles or micelles are strategically designed to enhance the therapeutic index of anti-cancer drugs through improvement of their bioavailability,stability and residency at targeted lung *** with these benefits,nano-based systems also provide additional diagnostic advantages during lung cancer treatment,including imaging,screening and drug ***,delivery of nanobased drugs via pulmonary administration for lung cancer therapy is still in its infancy and numerous challenges are ***,immunology,toxicology and largescale manufacturing(stability and activity of drugs)are some aspects in nanotechnology that should be taken into consideration for the development of inhalable nano-based chemotherapeutic *** review will focus on the current inhalable nano-based drugs for lung cancer treatment.

关键词： Inhalation Lung cancer Liposome Nanoparticle

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COVID-19 outbreaks in residential care homes in Hong Kong and effectiveness of vaccine against severe outcomes

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Infectious Medicine 2023年第1期2卷 1-10页

作者： Mei Hung Joanna Leung Kin Hang Kung Ian Siu-kiu Yau Yan yee Fung Kirran Nazesh Mohammad Cheong Chi Andrew Lau Ka wing Albert Au Shuk Kwan Chuang Centre for Health Protection Department of HealthKowloonHong KongChina

Background:COVID-19 outbreaks in residential care homes for the elderly(RCHEs)and for persons with disability(RCHDs)have caused significant morbidity and mortality during 5th epidemic in Hong *** article reviewed COVID-19 outbreaks situation and estimated the effectiveness of receiving at least two-dose of COVID-19 vaccine in preventing severe ***:To estimate attack rates and vaccination coverage,documentation on COVID-19 infection and their vaccination records of residential care homes(RCH)residents reported between December 31,2021 and May 31,2022 were reviewed,and infected cases were follow-up for 4 weeks for severe outcomes or *** between vaccination coverage against attack rate by types of homes was *** RCH residents with available information were included in the analysis of vaccine effectiveness against severe outcomes and ***:COVID-19 vaccination coverage was low in RCHDs(median 0.46,IQR:0.24-0.76)and very low in RCHEs(median 0.08,IQR:0.00-0.19).Higher attack rates were recorded among RCHE residents(median 0.84,IQR:0.64-0.93)and higher case fatality rate(CFR:28.1%)than in RCHDs(median 0.58,IQR:0.31-0.84;CFR:3.9%).The attack rate decreased when vaccination coverage increased for both RCHEs(ρ=−0.131,p<0.001)and RCHDs(ρ=−0.333,p<0.001).Comparing with infected residents who were unvaccinated/vaccinated with one-dose,receiving at least two-dose was estimated to be effective in reducing severe outcomes in 31%and 36%of infected RCHE and RCHD residents respectively;with greater reduction in mortality among RCHD than RCHE residents(54%and 38%,respectively).Vaccine effectiveness of two-dose of BNT162b2 against severe outcomes and death are higher than that of ***:Increasing COVID-19 vaccination could have significant impact on reducing the risk of COVID-19 outbreaks in *** least two-dose of COVID-19 vaccine is still effective in reducing severe outcomes and death among infected residents in

关键词： COVID-19 Attack rates Long-term care facilities Vaccine effectiveness Severe outcomes Hong Kong China

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Neural plasticity secondary to carpal tunnel syndrome: a pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第1期16卷 158-165页

作者： Xue Deng Phoebe Lai-Heung Chau Suk-yee Chiu Kwok-Pui Leung Yong Hu wing-Yuk Ip Department of Orthopedics&Traumatology The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Clinical Neuro-diagnostic Unit Tung Wah HospitalHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Conventional neuroimaging techniques cannot truly reflect the change of regional cerebral blood flow in patients with carpal tunnel ***-continuous arterial spinning labeling(pCASL)as an efficient non-invasive neuroimaging technique can be applied to directly quantify the neuronal activities of individual brain regions that show the persistent symptoms owing to its better spatial resolution and increased signal-to-noise ***,this prospective observational study was conducted in 27 eligible female carpal tunnel syndrome,aged 57.7±6.51 *** tests,nerve conduction studies and pCASL neuroimaging assessment were *** results showed that the relevant activated brain regions in the cortical,subcrotical,and cerebral regions were correlated with numbness,pain,functionality,median nerve status and motor amplitude of median nerve(K=21–2849,r=–0.77–0.76,P<0.05).There was a tendency of pain processing which shifted from the nociceptive circuitry to the emotional and cognitive one during the process of chronic pain caused by carpal tunnel *** suggests the necessity of addressing the ignored cognitive or emotional state when managing patients with carpal tunnel *** for this study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of The University of Hong Kong/Hospital Authority Hong Kong West,China(HKU/HA HKW IRB,approval ***17-129)on April 11,*** study was registered in Clinical Trial Registry of The University of Hong Kong,China(registration number:HKUCTR-2220)on April 24,2017.

关键词： Boston carpal tunnel questionnaire carpal tunnel syndrome cognitive nerve conduction studies pain principal component analysis pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling

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