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A UNIFIED ALGORITHMIC FRAMEWORK OF SYMMETRIC GAUSS-SEIDEL DECOMPOSITION BASED PROXIMAL ADMMS FOR CONVEX COMPOSITE PROGRAMMING

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2019年第6期37卷 739-757页

作者： Liang Chen Defeng Sun Kim-Chuan toh Ning Zhang College of Mathematics and Econometrics Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Department of Applied Mathematics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Mathematics and Institute of Operations Research and AnalyticsNational University of Singapore10 Lower Kent Ridge RoadSingapore School of Computer Science and Technology Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguanChina

This paper aims to present a fairly accessible generalization of several symmetric Gauss-Seidel decomposition based multi-block proximal alt ernating direction met hods of multipliers(ADMMs)for convex composite optimization *** proposed method unifies and refines many constructive techniques that were separately developed for the computational efficiency of multi-block ADMM-type algor计***,the majorized augmented Lagrangian functions,the indefinite proximal terms,the inexact symmetrie Gauss-Seidel decomposition theorem,the tolerance criteria of approximately solving the subproblems,and the large dual step-lengths,are all incorporated in one algoi?计hmic framework,which we named as *** the popularity of convergent variants of multi-block ADMMs in recent years,especially for high-dimensional multi-block convex composite conic programming problems,the unification presen ted in this paper,as well as the corresponding convergence results,may have the great potential of facilitating the implemen tation of many multi-block ADMMs in various problem set tings.

关键词： Convex optimization Multi-block Alternating direction method of multipliers Symmetric Gauss-Seidel decomposition Majorization

Interactions between background matching and disruptive colouration： Experiments using human predators and virtual crabs

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Current Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 718-728页

作者： Peter A. TODD Huijia PHUA Kok Ben toh Experimental Marine Ecology Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore 14 Science Drive 4 Blk S3 #02-05 Singapore 117543

Interactions between disruptive colouration and the match between prey and background spot size were manipulated in two experiments that used time taken by human ＇predators＇ to find artificial prey （virtual crab morphs） against heterogeneous backgrounds as a measure of the their camouflage. Experiment 1, in which the spots and their placement imitated the arrangement on the crab Carcinus maenas, tested whether high and low contrast spots touching the body outline （disruptive ＇edge＇ morphs） made the artificial prey more difficult to detect than when the spots did not touch the outline （non-disruptive ＇inner＇ morphs） against three different backgrounds：＇small＇, ＇middle＇ and ＇large＇ spot size. In Experiment 2, the range of spot sizes and their positions （＇edge＇ and ＇inner＇） on the crab morphs were varied to determine the most effective combination against the ＇mid- dle＇ background. Altogether, 640 volunteers participated in these computer trials, representing a high degree of independent replication. All patterned morphs were significantly harder to detect than plain morphs, indicating that possessing at least some degree of background matching can provide camouflage. Both experiments demonstrated that various morphs, though not having the same spot sizes as the background, had similar or better survivorship as those with matching spot sizes--indicating that opti- mal camouflage did not come from background matching alone. In Experiment 2, edge-disrupted morphs consistently took longer to find than their non-disruptive counterparts. The relative effects of edge disruption, contrast, and background/prey spot size are clearly context-dependent, highlighting the complexity of prey concealment [Current Zoology 61 （4）： 718-728, 2015].

关键词： Background matching Camouflage Carcinus maenas Crypsis Disruptive colouration Predation

Hypomagnesaemia associated with long-term use of proton pump inhibitors

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Gastroenterology Report 2015年第3期3卷 243-253页

作者： James Wei Tatt toh Evonne Ong Robert Wilson General Surgery Liverpool HospitalUniversity of New South WalesLiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia University of New South Wales Clinical School LiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery Liverpool HospitalUniversity of New South WalesLiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia

Hypomagnesaemia and associated hypocalcaemia and hypoparathyroidism have been increasingly recognised as rare longterm side-effects of proton pump inhibitors(PPIs).The PPIs may inhibit active magnesium(Mg)absorption by interfering with transcellular transient receptor potential melastatin-6 and-7(TRPM 6 and 7)*** recent cell culture studies have suggested concomitant inhibition of passive Mg absorption by *** being treated with a range of PPIs,the four patients in our case series developed hypomagnesaemia,which responded to withdrawal of therapy and initiation of Mg *** clinical course and management demonstrate key aspects of hypomagnesaemia associated with long-term use of PPIs.

关键词： Proton pump inhibitors hypomagnesaemia hypocalcaemia.

Quantitative Analysis of the Removal Ratio of Fine Particles in Water by Gas Bubbling

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2011年第S2期18卷 331-334页

作者： Masafumi Miyazaki Hideaki Yamamura Satoru Mineta Takehiko toh Environment & Process Technology Center Technical Development Bureau Nippon Steel Corp. Japan Advanced Technology Research Lab. Technical Development Bureau Nippon Steel Corp. Japan

Removal of non-metallic inclusions in molten steel is important from the viewpoint of improvement of quality, property and yield of the products. As a removal method of inclusions from molten metal, gas bubble flotation adhering inclusions is well known. Gas bubbling is particularly effective for the removal of fine inclusions. Water model experiment is reported the quantitative analysis of the removal ratio of dispersed particles removed from water by gas bubbles.

关键词： inclusion gas bubble water model experiment removal constant collision attachment

Chemical interactions between silver nanoparticles and thiols: a comparison of mercaptohexanol against cysteine

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Science China Chemistry 2014年第9期57卷 1199-1210页

作者： toh Her Shuang BATCHELOR-MCAULEY Christopher TSCHULIK Kristina COMPTON Richard G Department of Chemistry Physical and Theoretical Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxford OX1 3QZUK

The interaction between citrate capped silver nanoparticles and two different thiols, mercaptohexanol （MH） and cysteine, was investigated. The thiols interacted with silver nanoparticles in a significantly contrasting manner. With MH, a sparingly soluble silver（1） thiolate complex AgSRm （Rm = -（CH2）6OH） was formed on the silver nanoparticle surface. Cyclic voltammograms and UV-vis spectra were used to infer that the AgSRm complex on the nanoparticle surface undergoes a phase transition to give a mixture of AgSRm and Ag2S-like complexes. In contrast, when silver nanoparticles were exposed to cysteine, the citrate cap- ping agent on the silver nanoparticles was replaced by cysteine to give cysteine capped nanoparticles. As cysteine capped nanoparticles form, the electrochemical data displayed a decrease in oxidative peak charge but the UV-vis spectra showed a constant signal. Therefore, cysteine capped nanoparticles were suggested to have either inactivated the silver surface or else pro- moted detachment from the electrode surface.

关键词： silver nanoparticles interaction thiol

ENHANCEMENT OF SPEECH SIGNAL CORRUPTED BY HIGH ACOUSTIC NOISE

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ENHANCEMENT OF SPEECH SIGNAL CORRUPTED BY HIGH ACOUSTIC NOIS...

Awakening immunity against cancer:a 2017 primer for clinicians

计算机，通信，控制与电力工程国际会议

作者： Wee-Soon Ching Peng-Seng toh School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University

ISBN: (纸本)0780312333

Additive broad band noise is a common source of corruption in speech signals and often limits the effective operation of speech communication systems. This paper presents a new spectral-subtraction-based speech enhancement algorithm which exploits the correlation property of speech signal,the masking characteristic of the human ear,the speech redundancy property,and the frame-to-frame randomness of the noise that is present in the signal for the enhancement. Informal listening tests show that the proposed algorithm greatly improved the quality of the noisy speech even when the speech signal is corrupted by high acoustic *** the algorithm has low complexity and uses only a single input,it is well suited to a wide range of speech processing applications.

关键词： ENHANCEMENT OF SPEECH SIGNAL CORRUPTED BY HIGH ACOUSTIC NOISE

来源： cnki会议评论

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2017年第12期36卷 672-676页

作者： Amit Jain Qing Zhang Han.Chong toh National Cancer Centre Singapore 11 Hospital DriveSingapore 169610Singapore GSR Ventures Singapore 048762Singapore Tessa Therapeutics Singapore 038988Singapore

Cancer immunotherapy has finally joined the pillars of cancer treatment-surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and targeted therapy-in improving cancer patient lives. In the last 5 years, the development of immune checkpoint inhibitor and T cell therapy, particularly chimeric antigen receptor(CAR) T-cell therapy, has been remarkable for the speed, scale, and number of drug approvals. Still, these treatments may also bring unusual adverse effects and clinical outcomes including unprecedented long-term survival. Interrogating the tumor microenvironment and identifying better biomarkers hold the key to improving cancer immunotherapies. CAR T-cell therapy has dramatic effect on leukemias and lymphomas with significant cure rates, but has yet to show comparable effect on solid tumors. Cutting-edge technology will improve both processing and clinical effect of such therapies. Asia has the largest, most rapidly aging population and the largest number of cancer patients in the world. Research and development and clinical trial conduct of cancer immunotherapy in Asia remain nascent, but should be a crucial priority.

关键词： Immune checkpoint inhibitor Chimeric antigen receptor T cells Tumor microenvironment Biomarker

High-spin structure in ^(187)Pt

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第8期51卷 1053-1071页

作者： OSHIMA M toh Y KOIZUMI M OSA A HATSUKAWA Y SUGAWARA M Japan Atomic Energy Agency TokaiIbaraki 319-1195Japan Chiba Institute of Technology NarashinoChiba 275-0023Japan

High-spin states in 187Pt were studied via the 173Yb(18O,4n) reaction. Rotational bands based on the νi13/2,ν7/2-[503],νi213/2νj,ν3/2-[512] and ν1/2-[521] configurations were observed,and interpreted within the framework of the cranked shell model. The TRS calculations show that the νi13/2 band has an appreciable negative γ deformation,and the negative-parity bands tend to have a near prolate shape with small positive γ values. Experimental values of B(M1) /B(E2) ratios have been extracted and compared with theoretical values from the semi-classical D-nau and Frauendof approach,strongly suggesting a low frequency πh9/2 alignment in the ν7/2-[503] band.

关键词： rotational band configuration shape coexistence

Can propensity score matching replace randomized controlled trials?

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第1期14卷 58-70页

作者： Matthias Yi Quan Liau En Qi toh Shamir Muhamed Surya Varma Selvakumar Vishalkumar Girishchandra Shelat Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 308232Singapore Department of General Surgery Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore 308433Singapore Surgical Science Training Centre Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore 308433Singapore

Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)have long been recognized as the gold standard for establishing causal relationships in clinical *** that,various limitations of RCTs prevent its widespread implementation,ranging from the ethicality of withholding potentially-lifesaving treatment from a group to relatively poor external validity due to stringent inclusion criteria,amongst ***,with the introduction of propensity score matching(PSM)as a retrospective statistical tool,new frontiers in establishing causation in clinical research were opened *** predicts treatment effects using observational data from existing sources such as registries or electronic health records,to create a matched sample of participants who received or did not receive the intervention based on their propensity scores,which takes into account characteristics such as age,gender and *** its retrospective nature and its use of observational data from existing sources,PSM circumvents the aforementioned ethical issues faced by *** of RCTs exclude elderly,pregnant women and young children;thus,evidence of therapy efficacy is rarely proven by robust clinical research for this *** the other hand,by matching study patient characteristics to that of the population of interest,including the elderly,pregnant women and young children,PSM allows for generalization of results to the wider population and hence greatly increases the external *** of replacing RCTs with PSM,the synergistic integration of PSM into RCTs stands to provide better research outcomes with both methods complementing each *** example,in an RCT investigating the impact of mannitol on outcomes among participants of the Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Trial,the baseline characteristics of comorbidities and current medications between treatment and control arms were significantly different despite the randomization ***,PS

关键词： Propensity score matching Randomized controlled trials Randomization Clinical practice Validity Ethics