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background removal from global auroral images:Data-driven dayglow modeling

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 247-257页

作者： A.Ohma M.Madelaire K.M.Laundal J.P.Reistad s.M.Hatch s.Gasparini s.J.Walker birkeland Centre for space science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniversity of BergenBergenNorway

Global images of auroras obtained by cameras on spacecraft are a key tool for studying the near-Earth ***,the cameras are sensitive not only to auroral emissions produced by precipitating particles.b.t also to dayglow emissions produced by photoelectrons induced by *** emissions and scattered sunlight can contribute to the background *** fully utilize such images in space science,background contamination must be removed to isolate the auroral *** we outline a data-driven approach to modeling the background intensity in multiple images.b. formulating linear inverse problems.b.sed on b-splines and spherical *** approach is robust,flexible,and iteratively deselects outliers,such as auroral *** final model is smooth across the terminator and accounts for slow temporal variations and large-scale asymmetries in the *** demonstrate the model by using the three far ultraviolet cameras on the Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration(IMAGE)*** method can be applied to historical missions and is relevant for upcoming missions,such as the solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(sMILE)mission.

关键词： aurora dayglow modeling global auroral images far ultraviolet images dayglow removal

biopolymer stabilization of clayey soil

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2801-2812页

作者： Mahdieh Azimi Amin soltani Mehdi Mirzababaei Mark b.Jaksa Nanjappa Ashwath College of Engineering and Aviation School of Engineering and TechnologyCQUniversityMelbourneVIC 3000Australia Institute of Innovation Science and Sustainabilityand Future Regions Research CenterFederation UniversityChurchillVIC 3842Australia Department of Infrastructure Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia school of Architecture and Civil Engineering The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia school of Health Medical and Applied SciencesCQUniversityRockhamptonQLD 4701Australia

This study investigates the efficacy of sodium alginate(sA),xanthan gum(XG),guar gum(GG)and chitosan(Cs)d each applied at five different solid biopolymer-to-water mass ratios(or dosages)and cured for 7 d and 28 d d on the unconfined compressive strength(UCs)performance of a high plasticity clayey ***,on identifying the optimum biopolymer-treatment scenarios,their performance was compared against conventional stabilization using hydrated *** a given curing time,the UCs for all biopolymers followed a riseefall trend with increasing biopolymer dosage,peaking at an optimum dosage and then s.b.equently decreasing,such that all biopolymer-stabilized samples mobilized higher UCs values compared to the unamended *** optimum dosage was found to be 1.5%for sA,XG and Cs,while a notably lower dosage of 0.5%was deemed optimum for ***,for a given biopolymer type and dosage,increasing the curing time from 7 d to 28 d further enhanced the UCs,with the achieved improvements.b.ing generally more pronounced for XG-and Cs-treated *** of the investigated biopolymers was able to produce UCs improvements equivalent to those obtained by the 28-d soilelime samples;however,the optimum XG,GG and Cs dosages,particularly after 28 d of curing,were easily able to replicate 7-d lime stabilization outcomes achieved with as high as twice the soil’s lime ***,the fundamental principles of clay chemistry,in conjunction with the soil mechanics framework,were employed to identify and discuss the clayebiopolymer stabilization mechanisms.

关键词： soil stabilization High plasticity clay biopolymer dosage Hydrated lime Curing time Unconfined compressive strength(UCs)

Highly Defective Dark TiO_(2) Modified with Pt: Effects of Precursor Nature and Preparation Method on Photocatalytic Properties

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第2期30卷 198-209页

作者： E.D.Fakhrutdinova O.A.Reutova T.A.bugrova I.Yu.Ovsyuk L.s.Kibis O.A.stonkus D.b.Vasilchenko O.V.Vodyankina V.A.svetlychnyi National Research Tomsk state University TomskRussia 634050 Novos.b.rsk state University NovosibirskRussia 630090 boreskov Institute of Catalysis NovosibirskRussia 630090 Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry NovosibirskRussia 630090

The study focused on the modification with platinum of dark defective titania obtained via pulsed laser ablation. both the method of Pt introduction and the nature of the Pt precursor were varied. All samples exhibited similar phase compositions, specific surface areas, and Pt contents. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy coupled with pulsed CO adsorption revealed increased dispersity when photoreduction and the hydroxonitrate complex (Me _(4) N) _(2) [Pt _(2) (OH) _(2) (NO _(3) ) _(8) ] were used. The sample featured a high content of single-atom species and s.b.ano-sized Pt clusters. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that the photoreduction method facilitated the appearance of a larger number of Pt ^(2+) states, which appeared owing to the strong metal-support interaction (sMsI) eff ect of the transfer of electron density from the electron-saturated defects on the TiO _(2) surface to Pt ^(4+) . In the hydrogen evolution reaction, samples with a significant fraction of the Pt ^(2+) ionic component, capable of generating short-lived Pt^(0) single-atom sites under irradiation due to the sMsI eff ect, exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity. The 0.5Pt(C)/TiO_(2) -Ph sample exhibited the highest hydrogen yield with a quantum efficiency of 0.53, retaining its activity even after 8 h of operation.

关键词： Dark(black)TiO_(2) Pulsed laser ablation Platinum reduction method Precursor type Photocatalysis Hydrogen evolution reaction

spatial analysis of Dengue through the reproduction numbers relating to socioeconomic features:Case studies on two brazilian urban centers

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第1期9卷 142-157页

作者： Ana T.C.silva Rejane C.Dorn Lívia R.Tomás Leonardo b.L.santos Lacita M.skalinski suani T.R.Pinho Departamento de Física Universidade Estadual de Feira de SantanaAv.Transnordestinas/n.Novo HorizonteFeira de Santana44036-900BABrazil Instituto de Física Universidade Federal da BahiaRua Barão de Jeremoabo s/nCampus Universitário de OndinaSalvador40170-115BABrazil Centro Nacional de Monitoramento e Alertas de Desastres Naturais(CEMADEN) Estrada Dr.Altino Bondensan500São Josédos Campos12247-016SPBrazil Universidade Estadual de santa Cruz Campus Soane Nazaréde AndradeRodovia Jorge AmadoKm 16SalobrinhoIlhéus45662-900BABrazil Instituto de saúde Coletiva Universidade Federal da BahiaR.Basílio da Gamas/n-CanelaSalvador40110-140BABrazil Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia-sistemas Complexos Virtual InstitutionBrazil

The study of the propagation of infectious diseases in urban centers finds a close connection with their population's social characteristics and *** work performs a spatial analysis of dengue cases in urban centers.b.sed on the basic reproduction numbers,R0,and incidence by planning areas(PAs),as well as their correlations with the Human Development Index(HDI)and the number of *** analyzed dengue epidemics in 2002 at two brazilian urban centers.b.lo Horizonte(bH)and Rio de Janeiro(RJ),using PAs as spatial *** results reveal heterogeneous spatial scenarios for both cities,with very weak correlations.b.tween R0 and both the number of trips and the HDI;in bH,the values of R0 show a less spatial heterogeneous pattern than in *** bH,there are moderate correlations.b.tween incidence and both the number of trips and the HDI;meanwhile,they weakly correlate for ***,the absence of strong correlations.b.tween the considered measures indicates that the transmission process should be treated considering the city as a whole.

关键词： Dengue Mathematical mode lbasic reproduction number Urban mobility Urban indices

Protected simultaneous quantum remote state preparation scheme by weak and reversal measurements in noisy environments

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Chinese Physics b 2024年第2期33卷 169-177页

作者： Mandal Manoj Kumar Choudhury binayak s. samanta soumen Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Engineering Science and TechnologyShibpur B.GardenHowrah 711103West BengalIndia

We discuss a quantum remote state preparation protocol by which two parties, Alice and Candy, prepare a single-qubit and a two-qubit state, respectively, at the site of the receiver bob. The single-qubit state is known to Alice while the two-qubit state which is a non-maximally entangled bell state is known to Candy. The three parties are connected through a single entangled state which acts as a quantum channel. We first describe the protocol in the ideal case when the entangled channel under use is in a pure state. After that, we consider the effect of amplitude damping(AD) noise on the quantum channel and describe the protocol executed through the noisy channel. The decrement of the fidelity is shown to occur with the increment in the noise parameter. This is shown by numerical computation in specific examples of the states to be created. Finally, we show that it is poss.b.e to maintain the label of fidelity to some extent and hence to decrease the effect of noise by the application of weak and reversal measurements. We also present a scheme for the generation of the five-qubit entangled resource which we require as a quantum channel. The generation scheme is run on the IbMQ platform.

关键词： multi-qubit entangled channel quantum remote state preparation noisy environments weak and reversal measurements

Clinical implications of single cell sequencing for bladder cancer

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Oncology Research 2024年第4期32卷 597-605页

作者： REZA YADOLLAHVANDMIANDOAb MEHRsA JALALIZADEH FRANCIELE APARECIDA VECHIA DIONATO KEINI bUOsI PATRÍCIA A.F.LEME LUCIANA s.b.DAL COL CRIsTIANE F.GIACOMELLI ALEX DIAs AssIs NAsIM bAsHIRICHELKAsARI LEONARDO OLIVEIRA REIs Uroscience School of Medical SciencesUniversity of CampinasUNICAMPCampinasSao Paulo13083-872Brazil ImmunOncology Pontifical Catholic University of CampinasPUC-CampinasCampinasSao Paulo13087-571Brazil

bladder cancer(bC)is the 10th most common cancer worldwide,with about 0.5 million reported new cases and about 0.2 million deaths per *** this scoping review,we summarize the current evidence regarding the clinical implications of single-cell sequencing for bladder cancer based on PRIsMA *** searched PubMed,CENTRAL,Embase,and supplemented with manual searches through the scopus,and Web of science for published studies until February *** included original studies that used at least one single-cell technology to study bladder ***-one publications were included in the ***-nine studies showed that this technology can identify cell s.b.ypes in the tumor microenvironment that may predict prognosis or response to immune checkpoint inhibition *** studies were able to diagnose bC by identifying neoplastic cells through single-cell sequencing urine *** remaining studies were mainly a preclinical exploration of tumor microenvironment at single cell ***-cell sequencing technology can discriminate heterogeneity in bladder tumor cells and determine the key molecular properties that can lead to the discovery of novel perspectives on cancer *** nascent tool can advance the early diagnosis,prognosis judgment,and targeted therapy of bladder cancer.

关键词： bladder cancer Urothelial carcinoma Transitional cell carcinoma single-cell sequencing Tumor heterogeneity Immunotherapy scoping review Tumor microenvironment

Liquid crystal immunosensors for the selective detection of Escherichia coli with a fast analysis tool

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Photonics Research 2024年第7期12卷 1564-1573页

作者： sANDRO C.OLIVEIRA MARIA s.sOAREs.b.RbARA V.GONÇALVEs ANDREIA C.M.RODRIGUEs AMADEU M.V.M.sOAREs RITA G.s.b.AL NUNO F.sANTOs JAN NEDOMA PEDRO L.ALMEIDA CARLOs MARQUEs CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials Physics DepartmentUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal i3N Physics DepartmentUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal Associate Laboratory i4Hb-Institute for Health and bioeconomy School of Sciences and TechnologyNOVA University of Lisbon1099-085 LisbonPortugal CEsAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine studies and Department of biology University of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal Department of Telecommunications VSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava 70800Czech Republic i3N-CENIMAT School of Sciences and TechnologyNOVA University of Lisbon1099-085 LisbonPortugal UnIRE ISELPolytechnic Institute of Lisbon1549-020 LisbonPortugal Department of Physics VSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava 70800Czech Republic

The consumption of contaminated food may cause serious illnesses,and traditional methods to detect Escherichia coli are still associated with long waiting times and high costs given the necessity to transport samples to specialized *** is a need to develop new technologies that allow cheap,fast,and direct monitoring at the site of ***,in this work,we developed optical immunosensors for the selective detection of ***,based on liquid crystal technology,whose molecules can align in different manners depending on the boundary conditions (such as s.b.trates) as well as the environment that they *** glass s.b.trate was functionalized with *** antibody using cysteamine as an intermediate,and a vertical alignment was imposed on the liquid crystal molecules.b. using DMOAP during *** presence of bacteria disrupts the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules,changing the intensity of light emerging between cross polarizers,measured using a polarized optical microscope and a *** was poss.b.e to detect *** in suspensions in the concentration range from 2.8 cells/mL to 2.8×10^(9) cells∕*** was also evaluated,and the sensors were used to analyze contaminated water samples.A prototype was developed to allow faster,in-situ,and easier analysis avoiding bulky instruments.

关键词： crystal alignment analysis

A rat model of multicompartmental traumatic injury and hemorrhagic shock induces.b.ne marrow dysfunction and profound anemia

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 367-376页

作者： Lauren s.Kelly Jennifer A.Munley Erick E.Pons Kolenkode b.Kannan Elizabeth M.Whitley Letitia E.bible Philip A.Efron Alicia M.Mohr Department of surgery and sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA Pathogenesis LLCGainesvilleFloridaUSA

background:severe trauma is associated with systemic inflammation and organ *** rodent trauma models are the mainstay of postinjury research but have been criticized for not fully replicating severe human *** aim of this study was to create a rat model of multicompartmental injury which recreates profound traumatic ***:Male sprague-Dawley rats were s.b.ected to unilateral lung contusion and hemorrhagic shock(LCHs),multicompartmental polytrauma(PT)(unilateral lung contusion,hemorrhagic shock,cecectomy,bifemoral pseudofracture),or na?ve ***,plasma toll-l ike receptor 4(TLR4),hemoglobin,spleen to body weight ratio,bone marrow(bM)erythroid progenitor(CFU-GEMM,bFU-E,and CFU-E)growth,plasma granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CsF)and right lung histologic injury were assessed on day 7,with significance defined as p valuessults:Polytrauma resulted in markedly more profound inhibition of weight gain compared to LCHs(p=0.0002)along with elevated plasma TLR4(pbin(pspleen to body weight ratios(p=0.004).both LCHs and PT demonstrated suppression of CFU-E and bFU-E growth compared to naive(psma G-CsF was elevated in PT compared to both na?ve and LCHs(ps and PT demonstrated significant histologic right lung injury with poor alveolar wall integrity and interstitial ***:Multicompartmental injury as described here establishes a reproducible model of multicompartmental injury with worsened anemia,splenic tissue enlargement,weight loss,and increased inflammatory activity compared to a less severe *** may serve as a more effective model to recreate profound traumatic injury to replicate the human inflammatory response postinjury.

关键词： anemia i nflammation polytrauma pseudofracture shock

Dynamics of a two-group model for assessing the impacts of pre-exposure prophylaxis,testing and risk behaviour change on the spread and control of HIV/AIDs in an MsM population

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第1期9卷 103-127页

作者： Queen Tollett salman safdar Abba b.Gumel school of Mathematical and statistical sciences Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ85287USA Department of Mathematics University of KarachiUniversity Road75270Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of PretoriaPretoria0002South Africa

Although much progress has.b.en made in reducing the public health burden of the human immunodeficiency virus(HIV),which causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDs),since its emergence in the 1980s(largely due to the large-scale use and availability of potent antiviral therapy,improved diagnostic and intervention and mitigation measures),HIV remains an important public health challenge globally,including in the United *** study is.b.sed on the use of mathematical modeling approaches to assess the population-level impact of pre-exposure prophylaxis(PrEP),voluntary testing(to detect undetected HIV-infected individuals),and changes in human behavior(with respect to risk structure),on the spread and control of HIV/AIDs in an MsM(men-who-have sex-with-men)***,a novel two-group mathematical model,which stratifies the total MsM population based on risk(low or high)of acquisition of HIV infection,is *** model undergoes a PrEP-induced backward bifurcation when the control reproduction number of the model is less than one if the efficacy of PrEP to prevent a high-risk susceptible MsM individual from acquiring HIV infection is not perfect(the consequence of which is that,while necessary,having the reproduction number of the model less than one is no longer sufficient for the elimination of the disease in the MsM population).For the case where the efficacy of PrEP is perfect,this study shows that the disease-free equilibrium of the two-group model is globally-asymptotically stable when the associated control reproduction number of the model is less than *** sensitivity analysis was carried out to identify the main parameters of the model that have the highest influence on the value of the control reproduction number of the model(thereby,having the highest influence on the disease burden in the MsM population).Numerical simulations of the model,using a plaus.b.e range of parameter values,show that if half of the MsM population co

关键词： HIV/AIDs Ms MHigh(low)-risk groups PrEP behavior change Antiviral treatment Control reproduction number