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Induction and Characterization of Laboratory Mutants of Phytophthora capsici Resistant to Dimethomorph and Flumorph

Agricultural Sciences in China 2005年第10期4卷 752-759页

作者： YUAN Shan-kui LIU Xi-li GU Bao-gen DONG Jin JIANG Hui si nai-guo Department of Plant Pathology College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 P.R.China Center of Agrochemicals for Biological and Environmental Technology Institute for the Control ofAgrochemicals Ministry of Agriculture Beijing 100026 P.R.China Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory National University of singapore Singapore 117604 Singapore Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry Shenyang 110021 P.R.China

Laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the risk of Phytophthora capsici developing resistance to two morphlines, dimethomorph and flumorph. Metalaxyl, the well-known high risk of resistance fungicides, was used as reference fungicide. Resistant mutants for the three fungicides were isolated by treating mycelium with ultraviolet radiation. Metalaxyl-resistant mutants were obtained with high frequency and exhibited high level of resistance with factors more than 100 folds, while mutation frequency for dimethomorph-resistance was relatively low and the resistance factors ranged from 3.0 to 13.9 folds. Most dimethomorph-resistant mutants decreased in hyphal growth rate and the spoulation ability, which have a large impact upon the epidemic development of dimethomorph-resistant populations. These results suggested that the risk of resistant pathogen population was much lower for dimethomorph than for metalaxyl. Both the frequency of developing resistance and level of resistance （resistance factors = 1.8-14.6） to dimethomorph were similar to those of its structure analogue flumorh. Moreover, the cross-resistance were found between them, which suggested the risks of developing resistance to dimethomorph and flumorph in the pathogen were very closely related. As P. capsici can potentially develop resistance to dimethomorph and flumorph, and oomycetes usually have the high risk to develop resistance to fungicides, appropriate management against resistance development should be taken.

关键词： Phytophthora capsici Resistance Dimethomorph Flumorph Metalaxyl

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Emergence of SARS and COVID-19 and preparedness for the next emerging disease X

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第1期18卷 1-18页

作者： Ben Hu Hua guo Haorui si Zhengli Shi CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS)and Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)are two human Coronavirus diseases emerging in this century,posing tremendous threats to public health and causing great loss to lives and *** this review,we retrospect the studies tracing the molecular evolution of SARS-CoV,and we sort out current research findings about the potential ancestor of *** knowledge about SARS-CoV-2-like viruses found in wildlife,the animal susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2,as well as the interspecies transmission risk of SARS-related coronaviruses(SARSr-CoVs)are gathered ***,we discuss the strategies of how to be prepared against future outbreaks of emerging or re-emerging coronaviruses.

关键词： SARS COVID-19 coronavirus

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Ramsey Numbers of Trees Versus Multiple Copies of Books

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae sinica 2024年第3期40卷 600-612页

作者： Xiao-bing guo si-nan HU Yue-jian PENG School of Mathematical Sciences Luoyang Normal UniversityLuoyang 471934China School of Mathematics Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

Given two graphs G and H,the Ramsey number R(G,H) is the minimum integer N such that any two-coloring of the edges of K_(N) in red or blue yields a red G or a blue *** v(G) be the number of vertices of G and χ(G) be the chromatic number of *** s(G) denote the chromatic surplus of G,the number of vertices in a minimum color class among all proper χ(G)-colorings of *** showed that R(G,H)≥(v(G)-1)(χ(H)-1)+s(H) if G is connected and v(G)≥s(H).A connected graph G is H-good if R(G,H)=(v(G)-1)(χ(H)-1)+s(H).Let tH denote the disjoint union of t copies of graph H,and let G∨H denote the join of G and *** a complete graph on n vertices by K_(n),and a tree on n vertices by T_(n).Denote a book with n pages by B_(n),i.e.,the join K_(2) ∨■.Erd?s,Faudree,Rousseau and Schelp proved that T_(n) is B_(m)-good if n≥*** this paper,we obtain the exact Ramsey number of T_(n) versus 2B_(2).Our result implies that T_(n) is 2B_(2)-good if n≥5.

关键词： ramsey number ramsey goodness tree book

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Molecular dynamics study of hydrogen-induced cracking behavior of ferrite–pearlite gas transmission pipeline steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第2期31卷 488-500页

作者： Tao-long Xu si-han guo Gong-zhen He Hao-yu Han Petroleum Engineering School Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500SichuanChina sichuan East Gas Transmission Sales Center of sinopec Natural Gas Branch Wuhan430074HubeiChina

Hydrogen embrittlement of pipelines depends on the hydrogen-induced cracking behavior of the pipeline steel *** on molecular dynamics analysis,the ferrite–cementite(α-Fe/Fe3C)lamellar atomic structure with the Bagaryatskii orientation relationship was established,and stepwise relaxation of the conjugate gradient energy minimization and constant-temperature and constant-pressure relaxation were performed under NPT(the isothermal–isobaric)*** mechanical property curves of theα-Fe/Fe3C models were obtained under different cementite terminal plane structures,and the evolution of the atomic structure was analyzed in *** addition,the influence of different hydrogen concentrations,different temperatures,different strain rates,changes in voids,and different micro-degrees of freedom on the deformation and failure mechanism of the model was investigated,aiming to provide a reliable way to explore the micro-mechanism of macro-cracking behavior of pipeline steel.

关键词： Ferrite-cementite lamellar structure Pipeline steel Failure mechanism Crack propagation Molecular dynamics

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Phenomenology of heavy neutral gauge boson at muon collider

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 60-79页

作者： Zongyang Lu Honglei Li Zhi-Long Han Zong-guo si Liuxin Zhao School of Physics and Technology University of JinanJinan 250022China School of Physics Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China

Heavy neutral gauge boson Z' is proposed in many new physics *** has rich phenomena at the future muon *** study the properties of Z' boson with the process of μ^(+)μ^(-)→qq,μ^(+)μ^(-)→l^(+)l^(-),μ^(+)μ^(-)→ ZH and μ^(+)μ^(-)→ W^(+)W^(-).The discrepancy of Z' coupling to different types of particles can be shown in the cross section distributions around the resonance peak of various decay *** distributions of the final quark or lepton in μ^(+)μ^(-)→qq/l^(+)l^(-)process are sensitive to the parameters such as mass of Z' and the Z-Z' mixing *** interaction of new gauge boson coupling to the standard model gauge particles and Higgs boson are also studied through μ^(+)μ^(-)→ ZH→l^(+)l^(-)bb and μ^(+)u^(-)→ W^(+)W^(-)→l^(+)l^(-)v_(l)v_(l).The cross section and the final particles' angular distributions with the contribution of Z' boson differ from those processes with only standard model particles.A forward-backward asymmetry defined by the angular distribution is provided to show the potential of searching for new physics at the muon ***,the beam polarization with certain value can effectively enlarge the forward-backward asymmetry.

关键词： Z′boson muon collider new physics

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Bioinspired design of integral molded Janus silk fibroin-MXene evaporator for efficient solar vapor generation

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2824-2835页

作者： Ling-Qing Kong Zhi-Cheng Zeng Guang-Zong Min Zhao-Hui Meng guo-Qing Meng Xiao-Xiao guo nai-Bo Lin Xiang-Yang Liu The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of XiamenDepartment of BiomaterialsCollege of MaterialsXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China The State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science(MEL) College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Solar vapor generation is a promising sustainable technology that uses solar distillation to produce fresh water from seawater and wastewater,helping relieve global water resource ***,inspired by naturally grown integrally molded mulberry leaves with a Janus hydrophilic and hydrophobic structure,a novel,simple,and efficient integrated molding method is proposed to break through the limitations of the traditional split manufacturing strategy and realizes the integrated formation of Janus *** on the spontaneous sedimentation characteristics of MXene in silk fibroin solution and its regulation of mesoscopic structure and hydrophilicity of silk fibroin,layered structures with different compositions and hydrophilicities were obtained in one ***,ethanol and glutaraldehyde were added to construct a physical crystallization-chemical crosslinking dual stabilization structure in silk *** evaporator has the evaporation rate of 3.07 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1) and the efficiency of 86.8%under 1 sun and maintains high evaporation performance under various extreme test conditions including vigorous washing,repeated compression,and high-intensity ultraviolet(UV)***,the evaporator performs well in practical application scenarios,its evaporation rate in the simulated Dead Sea seawater exceeds 2.13 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1),and more than 99.9%of the salt,heavy metal ions,oil pollution,and dyes are purified.

关键词： silk fibroin MXene bioinspired integrated molding Janus structure solar vapor generation

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18%烯肟菌酯·氟环唑悬浮剂防治苹果树病害的田间应用

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农药 2019年第12期58卷 905-907页

作者：孙芹兰杰司乃国沈阳中化农药化工研发有限公司新农药创制与开发国家重点实验室

[目的]明确18%烯肟菌酯·氟环唑SC对苹果树主要病害的防治效果。[方法]根据中华人民共和国国家标准《农药田间药效试验准则(一)》开展试验。[结果]18%烯肟菌酯·氟环唑SC 90~120 mg a.i./kg处理剂量对苹果斑点落叶病、苹果白粉病和苹果... 详细信息

[目的]明确18%烯肟菌酯·氟环唑SC对苹果树主要病害的防治效果。[方法]根据中华人民共和国国家标准《农药田间药效试验准则(一)》开展试验。[结果]18%烯肟菌酯·氟环唑SC 90~120 mg a.i./kg处理剂量对苹果斑点落叶病、苹果白粉病和苹果轮纹病的防效均在85%以上,防效优于生产常规使用药剂50%多菌灵WP、12.5%腈菌唑EC、15%三唑酮WP的效果。[结论]18%烯肟菌酯·氟环唑SC对上述3种病害均有较好的防治效果。且对苹果褐斑病、黑点病也有很好的兼治作用,建议在苹果病害综合治理中进一步示范推广。

关键词： 18%烯肟菌酯·氟环唑悬浮剂苹果轮纹病苹果斑点落叶病苹果白粉病田间防效

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新型杀菌剂氟吗啉在黄瓜植株体内的吸收传导行为

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高等学校化学学报 2006年第10期27卷 1887-1890页

作者：朱书生刘西莉李健强司乃国中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院北京100094 沈阳化工研究院沈阳110021

利用生物测定技术和高效液相色谱法研究了氟吗啉在黄瓜植株体内的吸收、传导和分布行为及其机制.结果表明,氟吗啉能被黄瓜植株被动吸收,并通过木质部在体内传导和分布.

关键词：氟吗啉内吸传导被动吸收高效液相色谱

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烯唑醇聚合物杀菌剂的合成和生物活性测试

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辽宁工程技术大学学报（自然科学版） 2007年第6期26卷 953-955页

作者：台立民刘冬雪徐龙鹤司乃国辽宁工程技术大学材料科学与工程系辽宁阜新123000 沈阳化工研究院辽宁沈阳110021

为了克服烯唑醇易受风、雨水、光及微生物等因素影响而大量流失的缺点,通过化学反应使其与苯乙烯-马来酸酐交替共聚物结合,得到了一种杀菌聚合物。试验结果表明:该聚合物在模拟的应用环境中经水解和微生物降解等过程能够以有效剂量持续... 详细信息

为了克服烯唑醇易受风、雨水、光及微生物等因素影响而大量流失的缺点,通过化学反应使其与苯乙烯-马来酸酐交替共聚物结合,得到了一种杀菌聚合物。试验结果表明:该聚合物在模拟的应用环境中经水解和微生物降解等过程能够以有效剂量持续释放出具有杀菌性的活性组分,其杀菌活性与烯唑醇基本一致,持效期至少30天。这种烯唑醇高分子缓释剂对于有效利用农药,减少农药残留,保护环境具有实际意义。

关键词：烯唑醇苯乙烯-马来酸酐交替共聚物聚合物杀菌剂

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Prediction and quantification of effective gas source rocks in a lacustrine basin: Western Depression in the Liaohe Subbasin, China

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2218-2239页

作者： si-Bo Yang Mei-Jun Li Hong Xiao Fang-Zheng Wang guo-Gang Cai Shuang-Quan Huang State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay College of Petroleum Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Liaohe Oilfield Company PetroChina

Due to limited data on the geochemical properties of natural gas, estimations are needed for the effective gas source rock in evaluating gas potential. However, the pronounced heterogeneity of mudstones in lacustrine successions complicates the prediction of the presence and geochemical characteristics of gas source rocks. In this paper, the Liaohe Subbasin of Northeast China is used as an example to construct a practical methodology for locating effective gas source rocks in typical lacustrine basins. Three types of gas source rocks, microbial, oil-type, and coal-type, were distinguished according to the different genetic types of their natural gas. A practical three-dimensional geological model was developed, refined, and applied to determine the spatial distribution of the mudstones in the Western Depression of the Liaohe Subbasin and to describe the geochemical characteristics(the abundance, type, and maturation levels of the organic matter). Application of the model in the subbasin indicates that the sedimentary facies have led to heterogeneity in the mudstones, particularly with respect to organic matter types. The effective gas source rock model constructed for the Western Depression shows that the upper sequence(SQ2) of the Fourth member(Mbr 4) of the Eocene Shahejie Formation(Fm) and the lower and middle sequences(SQ3 and SQ4) of the Third member(Mbr 3) form the principal gas-generating interval. The total volume of effective gas source rocks is estimated to be 586 km3. The effective microbial, oil-type, and coal-type gas source rocks are primarily found in the shallow western slope, the central sags, and the eastern slope of the Western Depression, respectively. This study provides a practical approach for more accurately identifying the occurrence and geochemical characteristics of effective natural gas source rocks, enabling a precise quantitative estimation of natural gas reserves.

关键词： Effective gas source rock 3D geological modeling Spatial distribution Geochemical characteristics Lacustrine rift basin

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