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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 279-290页

作者： Xingxing GUO shuiying xiang Xingyu CAO Biling GU State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology School of MicroelectronicsXidian University

In this paper, we propose and demonstrate experimentally and numerically a hierarchical timedelay optical reservoir computing(RC) system based on cascaded vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers(VCSELs) with feedback and multiple injections. The prediction performance characteristics of the hierarchical time-delay RC system based on cascaded VCSELs under different reservoir layers are ***, the prediction performance of the hierarchical time-delay RC system is first improved and saturates as the number of reservoir layers increases. Besides, the impacts of key factors on predicting the hierarchical time-delay RC system are also analyzed in detail experimentally and numerically. This proposed hierarchical time-delay RC system based on VCSELs is useful for the further development of RC systems and may be beneficial to improve the ability of RC systems to solve more complex problems.

关键词： vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser reservoir computing neuromorphic photonics time-delay system information processing

Conversion of a single-layer ANN to photonic SNN for pattern recognition

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 261-270页

作者： Yanan HAN shuiying xiang Tianrui ZHANG Yahui ZHANG Xingxing GUO Yuechun SHI State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor TechnologyXidian University Yongjiang Laboratory

This work presents a complete conversion scheme for photonic spiking neural networks(SNNs).We verified that the output of an artificial neural network(ANN) trained with the simulated optical activation function can be directly converted into the spike rate of a photonic spiking neuron *** reveal the feasibility of hardware implementation,we considered the effects of different bit precisions of data and weight,noise level,and bias current mismatch on the converted *** proposed scheme was evaluated using the Deterding vowel,IRIS,TIDIGITS,and MNIST datasets for pattern recognition,and achieved mean accuracies of 95.80%,98.67%,96.19%,and 92.33%,*** proposed scheme can convert an ANN into a photonic SNN with almost no precision loss,and the performance was comparable to that of an ANN trained with the rectified linear unit *** proposed scheme can enable the high-performance implementation of photonic SNNs.

关键词： photonic SNN conversion optical computing pattern recognition artificial neural network

Short-term prediction for chaotic time series based on photonic reservoir computing using VCSEL with a feedback loop

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Photonics Research 2024年第6期12卷 1222-1230页

作者： XINGXING GUO HANXU ZHOU shuiying xiang QIAN YU YAHUI ZHANG YANAN HAN TAO WANG YUE HAO State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian UniversityXi'an 710071China State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology School of MicroelectronicsXidian UniversityXi'an 710071China

Chaos,occurring in a deterministic system,has permeated various fields such as mathematics,physics,and life ***,the prediction of chaotic time series has received widespread attention and made signifi-cant ***,many problems,such as high computational complexity and difficulty in hardware im-plementation,could not be solved by existing *** overcome the problems,we employ the chaotic system of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser(VCSEL)mutual coupling network to generate chaotic time series through optical system simulation and experimentation in this ***,a photonic reservoir com-puting based on VCSEL,along with a feedback loop,is proposed for the short-term prediction of the chaotic time *** relationship between the prediction difficulty of the reservoir computing(RC)system and the differ-ence in complexity of the chaotic time series has been studied with ***,the attention coefficient of injection strength and feedback strength,prediction duration,and other factors on system perfor-mance are considered in both simulation and *** use of the RC system to predict the chaotic time series generated by actual chaotic systems is significant for expanding the practical application scenarios of the RC.

关键词： loop chaotic prediction

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Wideband chaos generation using a VCSEL with intensity modulation optical injection for random number generation

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 457-458页

作者： Yu HUANG Shuangquan GU Yuhang FENG Yigong YANG shuiying xiang Pei ZHOU Nianqiang LI School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Soochow University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China Soochow University

Physical random numbers have been widely used in modern network society,such as the generation of cryptographic keys for classical and quantum cryptography systems[1].Among the many sources of physical entropy,chaotic semiconductor lasers have attracted wide attention due to their desired characteristics including larger bandwidth,low cost,and monolithic integration[2].

关键词： Optical signal processing

Experimental demonstration of a photonic spiking neuron based on a DFB laser subject to side-mode optical pulse injection

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 271-280页

作者： shuiying xiang Shuang GAO Yuechun SHI Yuna ZHANG Ziwei SONG Xingxing GUO Yahui ZHANG Yuxin MA xiangfei CHEN State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University Yongjiang Laboratory 3. College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing University

We proposed and experimentally demonstrated a simple and novel photonic spiking neuron based on a distributed feedback(DFB) laser subject to side-mode optical pulse injection(SMOPI). The DFB laser chip is designed and fabricated based on asymmetric equivalent π phase shift(π-EPS) with the reconstruction-equivalent-chirp(REC) technique. Under side-mode continuous-wave(CW) optical injection,excitability pulse was experimentally observed during the dominant mode switching process due to the injection-locked effect. Based on the transition between the excitability regime and the side-mode injection locking effect, the controllable and repeatable neuron-like spiking response can be realized when external stimulus pulses are electro-optically modulated on the CW optical carrier. The experimental results show that the spike threshold, temporal integration, and refractory period, which are important spike processing mechanisms in biological neurons, can all be achieved in the optically-injected DFB laser. The experimental findings are also verified numerically with a rate equation model that considers the SMOPI. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first experimental demonstration of a photonic spiking neuron based on a DFB laser subject to SMOPI, which holds promise for realizing large-scale photonic spiking neuron arrays for hardware photonic spiking neural network chips.

关键词： neuromorphic photonics photonic spiking neuron DFB laser side-mode optical pulse injections

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光子神经网络研究进展

光电工程 2024年第7期51卷 27-50页

作者：项水英宋紫薇张雅慧郭星星韩亚楠郝跃西安电子科技大学空天地一体化综合业务网全国重点实验室陕西西安710071 空军工程大学基础部陕西西安710051 西安电子科技大学微电子学院宽禁带半导体国家工程研究中心陕西西安710071

在数据海量化、信息化的时代,电子计算机处理系统所面临的算力和能耗等性能要求愈发严苛,传统冯·诺依曼架构存在“内存墙”和“功耗墙”瓶颈,加之摩尔定律放缓甚至失效,使得电子芯片在计算速度和功耗方面遇到极大挑战,利用光计算替代... 详细信息

在数据海量化、信息化的时代,电子计算机处理系统所面临的算力和能耗等性能要求愈发严苛,传统冯·诺依曼架构存在“内存墙”和“功耗墙”瓶颈,加之摩尔定律放缓甚至失效,使得电子芯片在计算速度和功耗方面遇到极大挑战,利用光计算替代传统电子计算将是解决当前算力与功耗问题的极具潜力的途径之一。本文系统地梳理了片上集成和自由空间的光子神经网络架构与算法方面的研究进展,详细介绍了典型的研究工作,然后讨论并对比了这两种光子神经网络的优劣势,以及光子神经网络的训练策略等。最后探讨了光子神经网络面临的挑战,并对其未来发展进行了前瞻性的展望。

关键词：光子神经网络片上集成自由空间类脑计算

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Enhanced memory capacity of a neuromorphic reservoir computing system based on a VCSEL with double optical feedbacks

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第6期63卷 164-175页

作者： Xingxing GUO shuiying xiang Yahui ZHANG Aijun WEN Yue HAO State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology School of Microelectronics Xidian University

In this paper, a neuromorphic reservoir computing(RC) system with enhanced memory capacity(MC) based on a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser(VCSEL) subject to double optical feedbacks(DOF)is proposed and investigated numerically. The aim of this study is to explore the MC of the proposed *** the purpose of comparison, the MC of the VCSEL-based RC system with single optical feedback(SOF)is also taken into account. It is found that, compared with the VCSEL-based RC system subject to SOF,enhanced MC can be obtained for the VCSEL-based RC system with DOF. Besides, the effects of feedback strength, injected strength, frequency detuning as well as injection current on the MC of the VCSEL-based RC system with DOF are considered. Moreover, the influence of feedback delays is also carefully ***, such proposed VCSEL-based RC system with DOF provides a prospect for the further development of the neuromorphic photonic system based on RC.

关键词： vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser nanophotonic reservoir computing memory capacity double feedback information processing

A modified supervised learning rule for training a photonic spiking neural network to recognize digital patterns

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第2期64卷 202-210页

作者： Yahui ZHANG shuiying xiang Xingxing GUO Aijun WEN Yue HAO State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology School of MicroelectronicsXidian University

A modified supervised learning rule which is suitable for training photonic spiking neural networks(SNN) is proposed for the first time. The proposed learning rule is independent of the time intervals between actual spike and desired spike or between presynaptic spike and postsynaptic spike. Based on the proposed supervised learning rule, 10 digital images are learned in photonic neural network which consists of 30 presynaptic neurons and 10 postsynaptic neurons. Presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons are photonic neurons based on vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with an embedded saturable absorber(VCSEL-SA).The results show that 10 digital images are recognized correctly in photonic SNN after enough ***, the effects of learning rate, the jitters of learning rate, initial weights distribution of SNN and bias current of postsynaptic neurons(VCSELs-SA) on the recognized error are examined carefully based on the proposed learning rule. To the best of our knowledge, such modified supervised learning rule has not yet been reported, which would contribute to training photonic neural networks, and hence is interesting for neuromorphic photonic systems and pattern recognition.

关键词： vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser modified supervised learning rule optical spiking neural networks learning system pattern recognition

Experimental demonstration of photonic spike-timing-dependent plasticity based on a VCSOA

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第8期65卷 228-237页

作者： Ziwei SONG shuiying xiang Xingyu CAO Shihao ZHAO Yue HAO State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology School of MicroelectronicsXidian University

We experimentally design two photonic spike-timing-dependent plasticity(STDP) schemes based on a single vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifier(VCSOA) and demonstrate the photonic implementation of STDP characteristics. In the first scheme, a single-polarized optical pulse train is injected into the VCSOA, in which a pair of optical pulses with a time difference is designed to emulate the pre-synaptic and post-synaptic spikes. In the second scheme, dual-polarized optical pulses emulating the pre-synaptic and post-synaptic spikes are injected into the single VCSOA. Furthermore, the effects of the initial wavelength detuning and the power of the input optical pulse on the STDP curve are analyzed. The proposed photonic STDP schemes based on a single VCSOA need relatively low bias current and power consumption, and thus,are ideal optical synaptic devices forming key components in the construction of the photonic neuromorphic computing system.

关键词： neuromorphic photonics vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifier spike-timing-dependent plasticity optical neural systems pulsed optical injection

Real-time optical spike-timing dependent plasticity in a single VCSEL with dual-polarized pulsed optical injection

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第6期63卷 143-154页

作者： shuiying xiang Yanan HAN Xingxing GUO Aijun WEN Genquan HAN Yue HAO State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology School of MicroelectronicsXidian University

We propose and numerically realize an optical spike-timing dependent plasticity(STDP) scheme by using a single vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser(VCSEL). In the scheme, the VCSEL is subjected to an orthogonally-polarized continuous-wave optical injection(OPCWOI) and dual-polarized pulsed optical injections(DPPOI). Based on the widely used spin-flip model, the response spiking dynamics of VCSEL is numerically studied, and then the optical STDP in a single VCSEL is explored. The roles of bias current, the strength of OPCWOI and DPPOI, and the frequency detuning on the optical STDP curve are numerically analyzed. It is found that, by simultaneously utilizing the response spiking dynamics in two orthogonal polarization modes, an optical STDP could be achieved by using a single VCSEL. Furthermore, the weight update of STDP curve can be calculated in real-time. Additionally, the STDP curves can also be controlled by adjusting some controllable parameters. The real-time optical STDP based on a single VCSEL is numerically realized for the first time, which paves the way towards fully VCSELs-based photonic neuromorphic systems with low power consumption.

关键词： vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser optical spike-timing dependent plasticity neuromorphic photonic system dual polarized pulsed optical injections artificial intelligent systems