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Interface structure of α-Mg/14H-LPSO:First-principles prediction and experimental study

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1792-1799,I0006页

作者： yuan Shi Xiaohua Zhang Hongyan Yue chao Li School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin150040China

The interfacial structure of the α-Mg/14H-LPSO phase in rare earth-including magnesium alloy was investigated via high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy(HAADFSTEM) imaging and first-principles calculations of density-functional *** possible interfacial models were constructed according to the different terminations of the LPSO phase,and the corresponding interfacial energies were calculated,from which the four most stable structures(Terl-MgY-hollow,Ter2-Zn-hollow,Ter3-MgYII-hollow and Ter4-Mg-bridge) were *** interfacial phase diagrams related to the Y chemical potentials were obtained from the calculations,and the most stable interfacial structure was ***-MgY-hollow and Ter2-Zn-hollow have the lowest interfacial energies in the range of-0.7 eV <Δμγ<-0.6 eV,where fluctuating change of state is the minimized and the interface is the most *** separation work of the two models was calculated to predict the bonding strength of the structures at both ends of the *** calculation results show that the maximum interfacial separation work is 1.45 J/m^(2) for the interface model of α-Mg and 14H-LPSO phase structure with Ter2-Zn-hollow termination.

关键词： Rare earths Magnesium alloy HAADF-STEM LPSO First-principles Interface

Numerical Analysis of Surcharge Effect on Stability and Interaction Mechanism of Slope-Pile-Footing System

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第3期35卷 955-969页

作者： chao Xu Lei Xue yuan Cui Mengyang Zhai Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Innovation Academy for Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Yellow River Laboratory Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

To investigate the stability and interaction mechanism of the slope-pile-footing system under surcharge effects,the finite difference method(FDM)was adopted to analyze the response laws of the stability of the reinforced slope,evolution of the critical slip surface,stress characteristic of retaining structures,deformation and failure modes of the slope foundation and building footing under surcharge parameters,including the surcharge intensity,the surcharge position,and the surcharge *** results show that surcharge parameters significantly affect the stability and the deformation characteristics of the slope-pile-footing *** speaking,with the increasing surcharge intensity and the decreasing surcharge position and width,the deformation and failure mode of the system will gradually evolve in a direction that is harmful to its *** interaction mechanism of the slope-pile-footing system is further clarified as the load transfer of the building footing,the generation of the additional stress in the slope foundation,and the adjustment of pile bending moment due to the stress ***,the safety of anti-slide piles will determine the stability of the slope foundation and building *** findings are expected to provide guidance for the comprehensive development and utilization of filled slopes after reinforcement.

关键词： slope-pile-footing system slope stability interaction mechanism finite difference method geotechnical engineering safety engineering.

Advance in reversible Zn anodes promoted by 2D materials

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1350-1369页

作者： shu-yuan Lei Jin-Xiu Feng Yu-chao Chen Dong Zheng Wen-Xian Liu Wen-Hui Shi Fang-Fang Wu Xie-Hong Cao School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310014China Center for Membrane Separation and Water Science and Technology College of Chemical EngineeringZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310014China

With the growing energy demand associated with high safety and low-cost requirement,aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have been considered as one of the most promising next-generation ***,some key issues,such as uncontrollable dendrites growth,severe corrosion,hydrogen evolution and side reactions of Zn anodes during charge/discharge process,have hindered its pragmatic ***-dimensional(2D)materials hold advantages of unique physical and chemical properties,large surface areas and abundant active sites,which have been successfully used to overcome the above shortcomings of Zn anodes in recent *** this review,the issues and challenges of Zn anodes are ***,the state-of-the-art progress on Zn anodes modification based on 2D materials such as graphene,2D metal carbides and nitrides(MXenes),2D metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),2D covalent organic frameworks(COFs),2D transition metal compounds and other 2D materials is discussed in ***,the perspectives of employing 2D materials in highly reversible Zn anodes are summarized and discussed.

关键词： 2D materials Aqueous zinc-ion battery Zn anodes Dendrites growth

Pichia pastoris composition expressed aerolysin mutant of Aeromonas veronii as an oral vaccine evaluated in zebrafish(Danio rerio)

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第3期6卷 475-487页

作者： yuan-yuan Yao Qing-shuang Zhang shu-Bin Liu Hong-Wei Yang Xing-Yu Chen Ya-Lin Yang Chen-Chen Gao chao Ran Tsegay Teame Zhen Zhang Zhi-Gang Zhou Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Sino-Norway Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota Joint Lab Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Marine Sciences Shantou UniversityShantou 515063China Tigray Agricultural Research Institute(TARI)Mekelle Center Tigray 7101Ethiopia

Vaccines are one of the most practical means to stop the spreading of Aeromonas veronii in *** this study,virulence factor aerolysin mutant NTaer which has lost its hemolytic activity was used as a target *** pastoris constitutive secretory expression NTaer(GS115-NTaer)was used as a potential safe oral vaccine to evaluate its effectiveness on zebrafish *** result shows that vaccination of GS115-NTaer for four weeks did not affect the growth performance of the host,while eliciting an effective immune protective *** with the control group,the GS115-NTaer could significantly up-regulate the relative expression level of the intestinal tight junction protein 1α(TJP1α)gene,and significantly increased the contents of lysozyme(LYZ),complement C3 and C4 in the gut,indicating that the innate immune response of the fish was *** relative gene expression levels of macrophage-expressed gene 1(MPEG1)and T cell receptor(TCR-α)in the gut,and MPEG1,CD4,CD8,TCR-α,GATA3,and T-bet in the spleen were all increased significantly,indicating that the cellular immune response of the fish was ***,the contents of serum IgM and intestinal mucosa IgZ antibodies were significantly increased,which showed that humoral immunity was also ***,inoculation with GS115-NTaer significantly changed the structure of gut *** particular,the relative ratio of(Firmicutes+Fusobacteriota+Bacteroidota)/Proteobacteria was significantly higher than that of the control and GS115 ***,the vaccinated fish were challenged with ***,and the relative percent survival of GS115 and the GS115-NTear groups was 14.28%and 33.43%.This improvement of immunity was not only due to the specific immune response but also attributed to the improvement of innate immunity and the gut microbiota which was demonstrated by the germ-free zebrafish ***,this study provides information on the effectiveness of GS115-NTear

关键词： Aeromonas veronii Aerolysin mutant NTaer Oral vaccine Immune response Gut microbiota

Experimental Study on the Molten Salt at Micron Scale during the Melting Process

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 70-85页

作者： TIAN Ziqian LIAO Zhirong XU chao FANG Yongzhe JIANG Kaijun yuan Mengdi Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System Ministry of Education of ChinaSchool of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

The investigation of the melting behaviors of the molten salt at micron scale during the melting process is critical for explaining the solid-liquid phase transition *** this paper,a novel experimental system and analysis method were proposed to study the melting process with three heating rates in the range of1-10℃/min of the solar salt at micron *** solid-liquid boundary morphology and phase transition kinetics of molten salt particles were focused ***,the correlations between liquid fraction,temperature and time under different heating rates were *** solid-liquid boundary morphology was depicted by the visualized experimental set-up,and the instantaneous liquid volume fraction during the non-isothermal phase transition was ***,the correlation between temperature and liquid volume fraction was proposed to reveal the evolution of the solid-liquid boundary with temperature at different heating ***,the non-isothermal phase transition kinetic equation was established by introducing a constant parameter(V_(a,b)),and more kinetic parameters such as 1g V_(a,b) and-lg V_(a,b)/b were *** results showed that the exponent b is not sensitive to the heating rate with a range of 3-5 for solar salt ***,the heating rate influences the value of V_(a,b) and presents a positive ***,the non-isothermal phase transition kinetic equations at different heating rates in the range of 1-10℃/min can be quickly predicted by the proposed improved experimental test *** study could fill the research insufficiency and provide significant guidance for future research on the solid-liquid transition mechanism of molten salts at micron scale.

关键词： molten salt non-isothermal phase transition solid-liquid boundary morphology liquid volume fraction micron scale melting process

Microphysical Insights into a Tornadic Supercell from Dual-Polarization Radar Observations in Jiangsu, China on 14 May 2021

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第2期38卷 303-320页

作者： chao yuan Yang BAI Pengfei SUN Hua BAI Lu XIA China Meteorological Administration Tornado Key Laboratory Foshan 528315 Institute of Atmospheric Environment China Meteorological AdministrationShenyang 110166 Panjin National Climate Observatory Panjin 124010 Yangzhou Meteorological Bureau of Jiangsu Province Yangzhou 225100 Yichun Meteorological Bureau of Heilongjiang Province Yichun 153000

Tornadoes are incredibly powerful and destructive natural events,yet the microphysical characteristics of the parent storm and its effects on tornadogenesis remain *** study analyzed polarization radar data of a tornadic supercell that occurred in Jiangsu Province of China on 14 May 2021,in comparison with another tornadic supercell and two non-tornadic supercells that occurred in the same region in *** two tornadic supercells exhibited lower differential reflectivity(ZDR)in the hook echo region compared with the non-tornadic supercells,indicating smaller median drop sizes.A distinct increase in ZDR from the melting of frozen hydrometeors,observed between2.5-and 4.0-km altitude in the non-tornadic storms,was absent in the tornadic *** non-tornadic supercells also displayed substantially higher specific differential phase(KDP)below the melting level,likely aroused from enhanced melting and *** findings suggest fundamental microphysical contrasts between tornadic and nontornadic ***,tornadic supercells have smaller droplets and may reduce melting in hook ***,greater separation between the ZDR arc and the KDP foot was observed during *** vertical gradient of KDP related to the cooling pool strength of the hook echo,regulating rear-flank downdraft *** the limited number of cases investigated,the findings of this study indicate that monitoring ZDR,KDP,and drop size distribution trends could assist with tornado prediction and warnings.

关键词： tornado polarimetric radar supercell hook echo drop size distribution

Insights into Formation and Li-Storage Mechanisms of Hierarchical Accordion-Shape Orthorhombic CuNb_(2)O_(6) toward Lithium-Ion Capacitors as an Anode-Active Material

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 287-298页

作者： chao Cheng Yunsheng Yan Minyu Jia Yang Liu Linrui Hou Changzhou yuan School of Material Science and Engineering University of JinanJinan 250022China

The orthorhombic CuNb_(2)O_(6)(O-CNO)is established as a competitive anode for lithium-ion capacitors(LICs)owing to its attractive compositional/structural ***,the high-temperature synthesis(>900℃)and controversial charge-storage mechanism always limit its ***,we develop a low-temperature strategy to fabricate a nano-blocks-constructed hierarchical accordional O-CNO framework by employing multilayered Nb_(2)CT_(x)as the niobium *** intrinsic stress-induced formation/transformation mechanism of the monoclinic CuNb_(2)O_(6)to O-CNO is tentatively put ***,the integrated phase conversion and solid solution lithium-storage mechanism is reasonably unveiled with comprehensive in(ex)situ *** to its unique structural merits and lithium-storage process,the resulted O-CNO anode is endowed with a large capacity of 150.3 mAh g^(-1)at 2.0 A g^(-1),along with long-duration cycling ***,the constructed O-CNO-based LICs exhibit a high energy(138.9 Wh kg^(-1))and power(4.0 kW kg^(-1))densities with a modest cycling stability(15.8%capacity degradation after 3000 consecutive cycles).More meaningfully,the in-depth insights into the formation and charge-storage process here can promote the extensive development of binary metal Nb-based oxides for advanced LICs.

关键词： high-rate anodes lithium-ion capacitors lithium-storage mechanisms orthorhombic CuNb_(2)O_(6) phase transform

Thioacetamide Additive Homogenizing Zn Deposition Revealed by In Situ Digital Holography for Advanced Zn Ion Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 261-275页

作者： Kaixin Ren Min Li Qinghong Wang Baohua Liu Chuang Sun Boyu yuan chao Lai Lifang Jiao chao Wang School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Materials and Devices School ofPhysics and Electronic EngineeringJiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education) Nankai University300071 TianjinPeople’s Republic of China

Zinc ion batteries are considered as potential energy storage devices due to their advantages of low-cost,high-safety,and high theoretical ***,dendrite growth and chemical corrosion occurring on Zn anode limit their *** problems can be tackled through the optimization of the ***,the screening of electrolyte additives using normal electrochemical methods is time-consuming and ***,a fast and simple method based on the digital holography is *** can realize the in situ monitoring of electrode/electrolyte interface and provide direct information concerning ion concentration evolution of the diffusion *** is effective and time-saving in estimating the homogeneity of the deposition layer and predicting the tendency of dendrite growth,thus able to value the applicability of electrolyte *** feasibility of this method is further validated by the forecast and evaluation of thioacetamide *** on systematic characterization,it is proved that the introduction of thioacetamide can not only regulate the interficial ion flux to induce dendrite-free Zn deposition,but also construct adsorption molecule layers to inhibit side reactions of Zn *** easy to operate,capable of in situ observation,and able to endure harsh conditions,digital holography method will be a promising approach for the interfacial investigation of other battery systems.

关键词： Digital holographic microscopy In situ observation Electrode/electrolyte interface Zn dendrites Screening electrolyte additives

Molecular recognition of cyclophanes in water

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 32-44页

作者： Fang-yuan Chen Wen-chao Geng Kang Cai Dong-Sheng Guo College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic ChemistryKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials(Ministry of Education)Frontiers Science Center for New Organic MatterCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin)Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China College of Chemistry Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Molecular recognition in water,the biological solvent,always receives significant research focus in supramolecular *** mechanisms of molecular recognition in water is key to comprehending biological processes at the molecular *** the past five decades,supramolecular chemists have developed a vast array of synthetic receptors with highly diverse structures and recognition *** them,cyclophanes represent an important family of macrocyclic receptors that have been extensively *** aromatic moieties in cyclophanes not only facilitate chemical modifications to impart water solubility but also enable forming hydrophobic cavities for guest inclusion in aqueous *** by Koga et al.,who reported the first inclusion complex of cyclophanes in water and solid state,numerous water-soluble cyclophanes,including derivatives of blue box,calixarenes,resorcinarenes,pillararenes,octopusarenes,biphenarenes,coronarenes,and naphthotubes,etc.,have been synthesized and subjected to investigation of the recognition capabilities in aqueous *** review provides an overview of cyclophane receptors designed to bind organic guests in *** categorize them into two classes based on the modifications made to their hydrophobic cavities:those with“exo-functionalized hydrophobic cavities”and those with“endo-functionalized hydrophobic cavities”.We introduce their distinctive features and discuss strategies to enhance recognition affinity and *** review aims to inspire the development of novel synthetic receptors with intriguing properties and foster practical applications of cyclophanes.

关键词： Biomimetic receptor Cyclophane Molecular recognition Hydrophobic effect High-affinity Macrocycles