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Rice Aroma: A Natural Gift Comes with Price and the Way Forward

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Rice science 2020年第2期27卷 86-100页

作者： Zakaria Hossain PRODHAN shu qingyao National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology/Institute of Crop Science College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZijingang CampusZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Aromatic rice belongs to a small but important sub-group of rice,which is highly regarded for its excellent aroma and superior grain *** rice,especially Basmati-and Jasmine-type rice,is being traded at a high price in the local and global ***,rice aroma is a phenotypical expression of spontaneous recessive mutations of the OsBadh2 gene(also known as fgr/badh2/osbadh2/os2AP gene).These mutations inhibit the flow ofγ-aminobutyraldehyde(GAB-ald)toγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA),and consequently,the accumulated GAB-ald is diverted to a potent flavour component 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2AP)by a non-enzymatic reaction with *** natural incidence of non-functional osbadh2 mutation along with selection and nursing by the farmer from the ancient time makes rice aroma as a prominent natural *** GABA and methylglyoxal play significant roles in stress tolerance,and their biosynthesis is strictly regulated in rice plants,the accumulation of 2AP in aromatic rice depends on the interaction of various genetic and environmental factors,and its production may come at some costs of sacrificing *** review focused on some potential underlying genes in the 2AP and GABA biosynthesis pathways,and analyzed most aspects of aroma formation in rice,and summarized the molecular mechanism of aroma production together with its genetic and non-genetic influencing *** present review also stated approaches to produce high-quality aromatic rice via developing novel cultivars and with good agronomic knowledge-based practice.

关键词： aromatic rice aroma biosynthesis 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2AP)pathway γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)pathway genome editing

Fine mapping and candidate gene analysis of purple pericarp gene Pb in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第22期52卷 3097-3104页

作者： WANG Caixia shu qingyao IAEA-Zhejiang University Collaborating Center National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Agriculture for Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China

Purple rice is a type of rice with anthocyanins deposited in its grain pericarp. The rice Pb gene control-ling purple pericarp character is known to be on chromosome 4,and the purple color is dominant over white color. In this study,we fine mapped the Pb gene using two F2 segregating populations,i.e. Pei'ai 64S(white) × Yunanheixiannuo(purple) and Pei'ai 64S × Chuanheinuo(purple) . In the first-pass map-ping,the Pb gene was located in the region downstream the SSR marker RM3820. In the fine mapping,the candidate region was saturated with InDel and CAPS markers developed specifically for this study. Eventually,the Pb gene was mapped within the 25-kb region delimited by the upstream marker RID3 and the downstream marker RID4. The delimited region contained two annotated genes,Ra and bhlh16(TIGR Rice Genome,R.5) . The former is a homologue of the Myc transcription factor Lc controlling anthocyanin biosynthesis in maize,and the latter is a homologue of the TT8 gene,which is also an Myc transcription factor gene controlling the pericarp pigmentation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Sequence analysis showed that the exon 7 of the Ra gene of Yunanheixiannuo and Chuanheinuo had a 2-bp(GT) deletion compared with those of the white rice varieties Pei'ai 64S,9311 and Nipponbare. A CAPS marker,CAPSRa,was developed according to the GT deletion for analysis of the two F2 segregating populations and 106 rice lines. The results showed that all F2 plants with white pericarp,and all non-purple rice lines(63 white and 22 red) contained no GT deletion,but all 20 purple rice lines con-tained the GT deletion. These results suggested that the Ra gene may be the Pb gene and the purple pericarp characteristic of rice is caused by the GT deletion within exon 7 of the Ra gene.

关键词：铅细胞绘图方法紫米基因

Identification of a major quantitative trait locus and its candidate underlying genetic variation for rice stigma exsertion rate

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The Crop Journal 2019年第3期7卷 350-359页

作者： Shouling Xu Yunchao Zheng Yang Liu Xiaohao Guo Yuanyuan Tan Qiuping Qian qingyao shu Jianzhong Huang National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology Institute of Nuclear Agricultural SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058ZhejiangChina Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry Jingzhou 434025HubeiChina Institute of Crop Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058ZhejiangChina Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jinhua 321017ZhejiangChina

Stigma exsertion in male sterile lines of hybrid rice is important for seed *** the present study, ZS616 [Oryza sativa ***(indica)], a male sterile line with a stigma exsertion rate(SER) as high as 94.5%, was crossed to DS552, a japonica line with almost no exserted stigmas.F3 plants with extremely low and high SER were sequenced to identify SER-associated quantitative trait loci(QTL).A major QTL for SER, qSER-3.1, was identified along with other QTL on chromosome 3 in a 3.9 Mb region.A total of 307 nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) and 27 frame-shift insertion/deletions(InDels)differentiating ZS616 and DS552 were identified in the region containing *** SNPs(294) and InDels(25) were excluded after further analysis because they were shared by ZS616 and low(<2.0%) SER accessions in the Huazhong Agricultural University(HAU) core rice *** analysis using the full HAU collection identified a 17-bp InDel in OS03 G0689400 as the most likely causal genetic variant underlying ***616-type accessions(n = 54, with the 17-bp insertion) in the HAU collection had minimum(16.5%)and mean(39.6%) SERs significantly greater than those(n = 424) without the insertion(with minimum and mean SERs of 0.2% and 20.6%, respectively).Thus, this study identified a major QTL for stigma exsertion and revealed the mutation in a candidate gene for the QTL.

关键词： Hybrid rice Stigma exsertion Seed production QTL-seq qSER-3.1 GS3

Characterization and Evaluation of OsLCT1 and OsN ramp5 Mutants Generated Through CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Mutagenesis for Breeding Low Cd Rice

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Rice science 2019年第2期26卷 88-97页

作者： LIU Songmei JIANG Jie LIU Yang MENG Jun XU Shouling TAN Yuanyuan LI Youfa shu qingyao HUANG Jianzhong National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology/Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences Zhejiang University Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment/College of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences

To explore how rice(Oryza sativa L.) can be safely produced in Cd-polluted soil, OsLCT1 and OsNramp5 mutant lines were generated by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis. One of OsLCT1 mutant(lct1×1) and two of OsNramp5 mutants(nramp5×7 and nramp5×9) were evaluated for grain Cd accumulation and agronomic performances. In paddy field soil containing approximately 0.9 mg/kg Cd, lct1×1 grains contained approximately 40%(0.17 mg/kg) of the Cd concentration of the wild type parental line, less than the China National Food Safety Standard(0.20 mg/kg). Both OsNramp5 mutants showed low grain Cd accumulation(< 0.06 mg/kg) in the paddy(approximately 0.9 mg/kg Cd) or in pots in soil spiked with 2 mg/kg Cd. However, only nramp5×7 showed normal growth and yield, whereas the growth of nramp5×9 was severely impaired. The study showed that lct1×1 could be used to produce rice grains safe for human consumption in lightly contaminated paddy soils and nramp5×7 used in soils contaminated by much higher levels of Cd.

关键词： cadmium rice OsNramp5 OsLCT1 genome-editing heavy metal contamination CRISPR Cas9

Melatonin activates the OsbZIP79–OsABI5 module that orchestrates nitrogen and ROS homeostasis to alleviate nitrogen-limitation stress in rice

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Plant Communications 2023年第6期4卷 113-133页

作者： Meng Jiang Yue Song Ruifang Yang Chenfan Zheng Yunchao Zheng Huali Zhang Shan Li Yuanyuan Tan Jianzhong Huang qingyao shu Ruiqing Li Hainan Institute Zhejiang UniversityYazhou Bay Sci-Tech CitySanyaChina National Key Laboratory of Rice Breeding and Biology and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm The Advanced Seed InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina College of Agronomy Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiChina Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute Shanghai Academy of Agricultural SciencesShanghaiChina School of Life Sciences Westlake UniversityHangzhouChina State Key Laboratory of Rice Breeding and Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina

Melatonin(Mel)has previously been reported to effectively alleviate nitrogen-limitation(N-L)stress and thus increase nitrogen-use efficiency(NUE)in several plants,but the underlying mechanism remains ***,we revealed that OsbZIP79(BASIC LEUCINE ZIPPER 79)is transcriptionally activated under N-L conditions,and its expression is further enhanced by exogenous *** the combined use of omics,genetics,and biological techniques,we revealed that the OsbZIP79–OsABI5(ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 5)module stimulated regulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)homeostasis and the uptake and metabolismof nitrogen under conditions of indoor nitrogen limitation(1/16 normal level).OsbZIP79 activated the transcription of OsABI5,and OsABI5 then bound to the promoters of target genes,including genes involved in ROS homeostasis and nitrogen metabolism,activating their *** module was also indispensable for upregulation of several other genes involved in abscisic acid catabolism,nitrogen uptake,and assimilation under N-L and Mel treatment,although these genes were not directly transactivated by *** experiments demonstrated that Mel significantly improved rice growth under low nitrogen(L-N,half the normal level)by the same mechanism revealed in the nitrogen-limitation *** application produced a 28.6%yield increase under L-N and thus similar increases in ***,two OsbZIP79-overexpression lines grown in L-N field plots had significantly higher NUE(+13.7%and+21.2%)than their wild ***,our data show that an OsbZIP79–OsABI5 module regulates the rice response to N insufficiency(N limitation or low N),which is important for increasing NUE in rice production.

关键词： melatonin peroxidase nitrogen starvation allantoinase ROS signaling

^(60)Co irradiation effect on cooked rice texture and amylopectin structure

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 1999年第3期10卷 176-179页

作者： BAO Jinsong shu qingyao Christine BERGMAN XIA Yingwu Anna McCLUNG (Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Huajiachi,Hangzhou, 310029 China USDA/ARS, AT 7, Box 999, Beaumont, TX 77713, USA ) 浙江大学核农所浙江杭州 310029 浙江大学核农所浙江杭州 USDA/ARS 美国

The effect of γ irradiation on the cooked rice texture and amylopectin structure is studied with three varieties (Zhefu 504, Zhefu 802 and Zaogeng T2) subjected to 4kGy, skGy and 12kGy irradiation. The results indicate that irradiation has significant effect on the texture of the cooked rice; the hardness, cohesiveness,gumminess and chewiness reduce significantly with the increase of the irradiation *** also affects the chain length distribution of the amylopectin, the side-chains of amylopectin of Zhefu 504 with the 12DP, Zhefu 802 with 24DP13 and Zaogeng T2 with 24DP13 and 36DP25 are broken.

关键词： ^60Co辐照米饭组织胶淀粉结构稻米品质

Nuclear translocation of OsMFT1 that is impeded by OsFTIP1 promotes drought toleranee in rice

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Molecular Plant 2021年第8期14卷 1297-1311页

作者： Ying Chen Jun Shen Liang Zhangi Haoyue Qi Lijia Yang Huanyu Wang Jiaxuan Wang Yuexing Wang Hao Du Zeng Tao Ting Zhao Pingchuan Deng qingyao shu Qian Qian Hao Yu Shiyong Song State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ResourcesInstitute of Crop ScienceCollege of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 311400China lnstitute of Biotechnology College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China Department of Biological Sciences and Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory National University of SingaporeSingapore 117543Singapore

Drought is the leading environmental threat affecting crop productivity,and plants have evolved a series of mechanisms to adapt to drought *** FT-interacting proteins(FTIPs)and phosphatidylethanola *** proteins(PEBPs)play key roles in developmental processes,whereas their roles in the regulation of stress response are still largely ***,we report that OsFTIP1 negatively regulates drought response in *** showed that OsFTIP1 interacts with rice MOTHER OF FT AND TFL1(OsMFT1),a PEBP that promotes rice tolerance to drought *** studies discovered that OsMFT1 interacts with two key drought-related transcription factors,OsbZIP66 and OsMYB26,regulating their binding capacity on drought-related genes and thereby enhancing drought toleranee in ***,we found that OsFTIP1 impedes the nucleocytoplasmic translocation of OsMFT1,implying that dynamic modulation of drought-responsive genes by the OsMFT1-OsMYB26 and OsMFT1-OsbZIP66 complexes is integral to OsFTIP1-modulated nuclear accumulation of *** findings also suggest that OsMFT1 might act as a hitherto unknown nucleocytoplasmic trafficking signal that regulates drought tolerance in rice in response to environmental signals.

关键词： OsFTIPI OsMFTI drought response nucleocytoplasmic trafficking rice

Analysis of variation in temperature-responsive leaf color mutant lines induced from Gamma irradiation in rice(Oryza sativa L.)

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Chinese Rice Research Newsletter 1997年第2期5卷 2-3页

作者： WU Dianxing shu qingyao XIA Yingwu LIU Guifu Inst of Nuclear Agri Sci,Zhejiang Agri Univ,Hangzhou 310029,China

Eight lines of temperature-responsive leaf colormutants induced by applying 300 Gy Gamma-ray irradiation to Thermo-sensitive genic malesterile line 2177s,were obtained through con-tinuous selection in seven generation... 详细信息

关键词： LCM Analysis of variation in temperature-responsive leaf color mutant lines induced from Gamma irradiation in rice Oryza sativa L

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种子微创取样关键技术与装备研究进展

农业机械学报 2023年第7期54卷 1-16页

作者：周鸣川刘传杰郭祥雨舒庆尧蒋焕煜应义斌浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院杭州310058 浙江大学山东(临沂)现代农业研究院临沂276000 浙江大学农业与生物技术学院杭州310058 浙江省农业智能装备与机器人重点实验室杭州310058

种子微创取样装备是面向生物育种技术中的种子切片取样环节,基于机电控制、机器视觉等技术,实现种子基因样本的全流程、自动化操作的智能化工具,其推广和应用可有效提升种质资源培育的效率和质量,助力种业振兴。本文首先介绍了种子切片... 详细信息

种子微创取样装备是面向生物育种技术中的种子切片取样环节,基于机电控制、机器视觉等技术,实现种子基因样本的全流程、自动化操作的智能化工具,其推广和应用可有效提升种质资源培育的效率和质量,助力种业振兴。本文首先介绍了种子切片检测的历史背景和装备研究现状,随后将种子微创取样关键技术系统地划分为种子分离、位姿调整、夹持输送、取样和样品收集与清洁技术,并对其研究现状和发展动态进行了阐述和剖析。在此基础上,结合种子切片装备发展要求和应用场景,归纳了种子切片取样装备面临的切割理论不足、多尺度通用性差、系统集成度有待提高等问题,提出了未来发展方向为:加强种子切片装备基础理论研究;多尺度通用化种子切片平台开发;发展全生产环节智慧取样检测系统。

关键词：种子育种微创取样智能装备机器人显微操作

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