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Researches and Application of Fuelbreaks in china

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chinese forestry.Science and Technology 2002年第4期1卷 79-84页

作者： tian Xiaorui shu lifu WANG MingyuThe Research institute of forest ecology. environment and protection. chinese academy of forestry. beijing, 100091. china

The fuelbreaks were established in south china from 1950s. With the active work of local communities and state government, the fuelbreaks have been built for 398,000 kilometers. In some areas, fuelbreaks and firebreaks have constructed a network primarily, such as in the provinces of Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi. The fuelbreaks can prevent forest fire effectively. That has been approved by actual examples and burning tests. The fuelbreaks also benefit the forest ecosystem and environment. This paper makes...

关键词： fuelbreaks South china fire prevention.

Fire environment Mechanism of Lightning-groundfire for Daxing'anling Mountains

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chinese forestry.Science and Technology 2003年第1期2卷 28-33页

作者： WANG Mingyu shu lifu tian XiaoruiWildfire Group. institute of forest ecology. environment and protection.chinese academy of forestry. beijing 100091.P.R. chinafire @prot. forestry. ***

Ground fire is an igniting phenomenon that is difficult to control and lightning is the main cause of ground fire. The mechanism of lightning-ground fire is very complex. Daxing'anling Mountains forest region is the place that lighting-groundfire occurs more often and regularly. Our study on lightning-groundfire of this zone in 2002 shows: much more soil near the surface and the ground fuel is the matter preconditions of lightning-groundfire, and the weather conditions hasten the occurrence of lightning...

关键词： lightning-groundfire moisture content humus turf fire weather

Studies on Selection of Fire Resistant Tree Species for Subtropical Area of china

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chinese forestry.Science and Technology 2002年第2期1卷 38-46页

作者： shu lifu tian Xiaorui YAO shuren1.Research institute of ecology. environment & protection. CAF. beijing. 100091 2. Nanjing forest Police School, Nanjing. 210042

Fire disaster is the primary one of the facts of deforestation. Although in recent years the level of forest management and technique for fire suppression have been improving and fire fighting force has been strengthened, the area of fire has not been decreased obviously. Using biological fire resistant technique can effectively prevent the campaign fire. In this paper, fire resistant ability and component about 12 tree species, in mountain area of Daguishan, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, have been ...

关键词： biological fire resistance fire resistant tree species fire-resistant forest belts

Supercritical extracts of forest fuels in Great Xing＇an Mountains

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Journal of forestry.Research 2016年第5期27卷 1143-1151页

作者： Fengjun Zhao Mingyu Wang lifu shu Xiaorui tian Kezhen Liu Research institute of forestry.ecology Environment and Protection Chinese Academy of Forestry Key Laboratory of Forest Protection State Forestry Administration No.2 Dongxiaofu Xiangshan Road Haidian DistrictBeijing 100091 China

Extracts are important components of fuels. Fatty-extracts with high heating value （HV） are hypothe- sized by researchers as positively related to the HV of fuels. The Soxhlet extractor is typically used to extract fatty-extracts but it has shortcomings, including long processing time （8-10 h） and the requirement for large amounts of organic solvent. Supercritical extraction is an alternate and useful technique for extraction of natural products. However, published studies rarely discuss the relationship between extracts and HV. In this study, we assessed the supercritical extracts （SUE） of forest fuels in the Great Xing＇an Mountains. Our results indicated that the optimum conditions for extraction of SuEs were 40-60 mesh, 40-50 MPa, 45℃, 80 min and a CO2 flow rate of 1.5-2.0 dm3/min. The Soxhlet extracts contents and the SuE contents were all related to HV. However, R2 of the coniferous samples （0.8499） and needle samples （0.9722） demonstrated that the correlation between HV and the SuE content was closer. We conclude that supercritical fatty-extracts provide a useful index of the HV of fuels, especially coniferous fuels. SuE data can be used in fire management, for example to estimate the rate of fire spread or fire intensity.

关键词： forest fire Fuel - Soxhlet extracts Supercritical extracts Heating value. Great Xing'anMountains

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林火干扰下的大兴安岭呼中区景观动态分析

山地学报 2004年第6期22卷 702-706页

作者：王明玉舒立福田晓瑞李杰杜建华中国林科院森林生态环境与保护研究所中国国家林业局森林防火办公室中国林科院森林生态环境与保护研究所北京　100091 北京　100714

利用大兴安岭呼中区1979、1995年的1:50万森林分布图及1969～2001年林火数据对大兴安岭呼中区林火状况、各景观指数及火灾对景观变化的影响进行研究。结果表明:呼中区火灾轮回期823a,大大超过正常的火灾轮回期;从1979～1995年各植被类...

利用大兴安岭呼中区1979、1995年的1:50万森林分布图及1969～2001年林火数据对大兴安岭呼中区林火状况、各景观指数及火灾对景观变化的影响进行研究。结果表明:呼中区火灾轮回期823a,大大超过正常的火灾轮回期;从1979～1995年各植被类型的面积变化不是很大,其中野青茅草甸和樟子松林的面积均有所减少,兴安落叶松林和阔叶混交林的面积均有所增加;斑块数量除兴安落叶松林外均有所增加,其中阔叶混交林增加显著,这些植被类型在1979～1995年间产生较大的破碎化,兴安落叶松林的斑块数量则有所降低;形状指数除樟子松外均有较大的增加,斑块形状趋于复杂,兴安落叶松林在空间的连续性有所增加,局部的破碎化依然导致形状指数增大;聚集度增加,Simpson多样性指数有所降低;各类型的斑块在面积上均匀性降低。在呼中区,相对于自然状态下的火干扰而言,人为影响下的火干扰对景观格局变化影响的重要性显著降低。

关键词：景观干扰林火火历史

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森林火灾污染物质释放及其影响研究进展

生态学报 2024年第12期44卷 4933-4944页

作者：王明玉司莉青陈锋舒立福赵凤君田晓瑞李伟克李威李笑笑中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所国家林业和草原局森林保护学重点实验室北京100091 北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院北京100083

森林火灾是大气中气体污染物和颗粒物的重要来源,可对全球气候系统、大气环境以及生态系统产生重要影响,对全球温室气体和含碳颗粒物释放具有重要的贡献,是推动全球气候变化的重要因素。森林火灾释放污染物已成为区域乃至全球范围内重...

森林火灾是大气中气体污染物和颗粒物的重要来源,可对全球气候系统、大气环境以及生态系统产生重要影响,对全球温室气体和含碳颗粒物释放具有重要的贡献,是推动全球气候变化的重要因素。森林火灾释放污染物已成为区域乃至全球范围内重要污染源之一,这些污染物质与辐射、能见度以及温室效应等问题直接相关。准确地描述森林火灾释放的气体和颗粒污染物释放机理、释放总量、时空分布特征、不同尺度的扩散过程模拟,以及对区域大气环境的影响,对于量化森林火灾释放污染物总量及区域影响具有重要意义。基于森林火灾污染物质释放方面的国内外文献,从火灾释放的污染物质对环境的影响、森林火灾释放污染物定量化和传输路径监测的研究方法、污染物质的扩散和运输模型以及跨区域影响等几个方面进行了综述。森林火灾释放的CO、PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)对环境和人的生命安全造成巨大威胁,而且森林火灾释放的污染物质能够随气流长距离传输,不仅对当地的空气造成污染,污染物也能够随着气团进行长距离传输,并在传输过程与当地气溶胶混合,形成跨区域污染。森林火灾释放污染物扩散、传输模拟通过不同模型相互耦合完成,包括可燃物载量估算模型、可燃物消耗和释放模型、污染物扩散传输模型,以及污染物预测和可视化模型等。总结了国内外森林火灾释放污染物质主要研究方法,并展望了今后研究重点:目前我国关于森林火灾释放物质相关的研究尚不足以支撑我国森林火灾温室气体释放、污染物释放等方面的研究,并且我国目前还没有发展出适合于我国的森林火灾污染物释放模型,以及污染物扩散、传输系统。森林火灾排放因子库大多数引用国外研究结果,在一定程度上增加不确定性,缺乏森林火灾对区域大气环境影响的定量化研究。因此,今后我国应加强对森林火灾污染物质释放与影响的研究,尤其是污染物质扩散和传输模型的预测和可视化研究以及排放因子的测量。

关键词：森林火灾污染物大气环境扩散模型跨区域污染

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大兴安岭山地偃松林火环境研究

山地学报 2004年第1期22卷 36-39页

作者：舒立福王明玉李忠琦肖永军田晓瑞中国林业科学院森林生态环境与保护研究所黑龙江大兴安岭地区气象局内蒙古大杨树林业局红花尔基林场中国林业科学院森林生态环境与保护研究所北京　100091 黑龙江加格达奇　165000 内蒙古大杨树镇　022456

近年来,我国大兴安岭珍贵的山地偃松林连续发生了严重的森林火灾。偃松林逐年积累丰富的可燃物是火灾发生的物质条件。气象条件促进了偃松林火灾的发生,特别是在遇到降水少、长期干旱、地面温度增加、相对湿度降低和可燃物干燥的情况下...

近年来,我国大兴安岭珍贵的山地偃松林连续发生了严重的森林火灾。偃松林逐年积累丰富的可燃物是火灾发生的物质条件。气象条件促进了偃松林火灾的发生,特别是在遇到降水少、长期干旱、地面温度增加、相对湿度降低和可燃物干燥的情况下,很容易引起偃松林大面积燃烧。大兴安岭山地偃松林发生森林火灾有其长期孕育的以气象因子为主导的火环境,长期干旱少雨使林内杂草枯黄,枯枝落叶层和腐殖质层含水量大大降低,可燃物大量增加且干燥,构成偃松林燃烧火环境。人们对偃松林火灾缺乏正确的认识,对偃松林火灾不能做到及时发现,及早扑救。

关键词：偃松林森林火灾火环境气象要素

Monitoring forest Fire with MODIS-NDVI Images in beijing

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chinese forestry.Science and Technology 2006年第4期5卷 87-92页

作者： tian Xiaorui shu lifu WANG Mingyu ZHAO Fengjun forest protection.Laboratory of State forestry.Administration Research institute of forest ecology Environment and Protection Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 P.R.China

Fuel moisture monitoring is an important component of fire danger rating system in fire management. This paper describes the application of NDVI images in monitoring potential fire danger and analyses the relationship between MODIS-NDVI and fire weather index. The series of weather data in beijing are used in this analysis including fire seasons in spring during 2004 to 2005. Canadian Fire Weather Index (FWI) is selected in this study, because it can properly estimate moisture conditions of live fuel. Fine fuel moisture, drought code and FWI values are generated by using the squared inverse distance algorithm. Strong correlations have previously been observed between FWI variables and NDVI data. The MODIS-NDVI images can be used in fire management as component related with live fuel moisture and fire danger.

关键词： forest fire MODIS NDVI fuel moisture content

Southeast Tibet forest Fire environment and Fire Behavior

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chinese forestry.Science and Technology 2005年第4期4卷 49-53页

作者： WANG Mingyu shu lifu WANG Jingsheng tian Xiaorui Research institute of forest ecology Environment and Protection Chinese Academy of ForestyBeijing 100091P.R. China Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College Linzhi 860000 P.R. China

forest fags in china are very serious in recent years. Few fires occurred formerly in Southeast Tibet, but now forest fires in this region occur frequently. This natural environment of the region is unique. forest fires are very easy to occur in the dry seasons due to the influence of the southwest monsoon, Because over-mature forest in this region accounts for much proportion, the forest ecosystem is frail. Once destructed by forest fags, it is very extremely difficult to restore. Fire season in this area is in winter and spring. But in the special year, forest fires can also occur in the hot summer. Fire Season lasts from October to next February, even to April in an individual arid year. Most of the fires in this area are surface fires, and crown fires can occur after long time drought.

关键词： forest fire fuel fire environment Southeast Tebet china