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Pre-operative visceral adipose tissue radiodensity is a potentially novel prognostic biomarker for early endoscopic post-operative recurrence in Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 740-750页

作者： Phillip Gu shishir dube Norman Gellada So Yung Choi Susan Win Yoo Jin Lee Shaohong Yang Talin Haritunians Gil Y Melmed Eric A Vasiliauskas Niru Bonthala Gaurav Syal Andres J Yarur David Ziring Shervin Rabizadeh Phillip Fleshner Cindy kallman Suzanne Devkota Stephan R Targan Dalin Li Dermot PB McGovern Department of Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Imaging Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Biostatistics Shared Resource Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Internal Medicine Keimyung University School of MedicineDaegu 42601South Korea Department of Medicine University of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095United States Department of Medicine University of California at San DiegoSan DiegoCA 92093United States Department of Pediatrics Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Surgery Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States

BACkGROUND Evidence suggests inflammatory mesenteric fat is involved in post-operative recurrence(POR)of Crohn’s disease(CD).However,its prognostic value is INTRODUCTION Crohn’s disease(CD)is a debilitating chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease(IMID)of the gastrointestinal tract that is increasing in incidence and prevalence globally[1].CD patients often undergo surgery for disease-related complic-ations and/or medically refractory disease.Unfortunately,surgery is not curative,and many patients develop post-operative recurrence(POR)of CD with a significant proportion eventually requiring additional surgeries.With advances in early detection and therapeutics,the contemporary 10-year risk of surgery has improved from 50%to 26%,but the risk of recurrent surgery has remained unchanged at 30%,suggesting a need to improve post-operative management strategies[2].Presently,there are two accepted strategies to mitigate POR,but each have potential limitations.Firstly,patients start early post-operative pharmacologic prophylaxis within 4-6 wk after surgery.This strategy can potentially overtreat a subset of patient who may not develop long-term disease recurrence off therapy.Consequently,these patients are at risk of medication-related adverse events and the direct and indirect costs associated with therapy with little or no benefit[3].The second strategy is performing early colonoscopy within 6-12 months after surgery and escalating therapy based on FOOTNOTES Author contributions:Gu P is the guarantor of the article and was involved in concept and design,data collection,statistical analysis,drafting of manuscript,and final approval of manuscript;dube S and Choi SY were involved in statistical analysis,drafting of the manuscript,and final approval of manuscript;Gellada N,Win S,Lee YJ and Yang S were involved in the data collection,drafting of the manuscript,and final approval of manuscript;Haritunians T and Li D were involved in data analysis and interpretation,drafting of manuscript and final approval of manuscript;

关键词： Crohn’s disease Surgery Visceral adipose tissue Mesenteric adipose tissue Creeping fat Computed tomography

RECENT PROGRESS IN STORM SURGE FORECASTING

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2018年第2期7卷 128-139页

作者： NADAO kOHNO shishir k.dube MIkHAIL ENTEL S.H.M.FAkHRUDDIN DIANA GREENSLADE MARIE-DOMINIQUE LEROUX JAMIE RHOME NGUYEN BA THUY Japan Meteorological Agency Amity University Rajasthan Bureau of Meteorology Tonkin +Taylor International Ltd National Hurricane Center Meteo-France National Center for Hydro-Meteorological Forecasting

This report briefly summarizes recent progress in storm surge forecasts, one of topics discussed during the fourth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclone Landfall Process(IWTCLP 4) held during 5-8 December, 2017. In the workshop, improvement of storm surge forecasting system was mainly discussed with relevance to the problem of estimating the impacts of tropical cyclone landfall.To deal with storm surges, accurate TC condition(predictions and forecasts) as input, reasonable storm surge predictions(with forecasting systems), and effective advisories/warnings(i.e. useful information products) are necessary. Therefore, we need to improve storm surge related matters systematically: input, prediction system, and ef fective information.This report tries to highlight recent progress in the field of storm surges in relation to three key points: improvement in storm surge forecasting models/system, TC conditions as input for storm surge predictions, and informative products for end users.

关键词： storm surges tropical cyclone forecast system warning landfall

Novel biomarkers and the future of targeted therapies in cholangiocarcinoma:a narrative review

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第2期11卷 253-266页

作者： Nishant Munugala shishir k.Maithel Rachna T.Shroff Department of Medicine University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA Division of Surgical Oncology Emory UniversityWinship Cancer InstituteAtlantaGAUSA Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of GI Medical OncologyUniversity of Arizona Cancer CenterTucsonAZUSA

Background and Objectives:Cholangiocarcinoma is a highly aggressive and heterogenous group of biliary malignancies arising from any site in the biliary tree,comprising 15%of all primary liver cancers.The nature of the disease and nonspecific presentation leads to late diagnosis and ultimately poor outcomes for patients.Combination gemcitabine and cisplatin has been the standard of care for cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)since 2010,with a median overall survival of 11.7 months.The five-year survival for CCA remains 5-10%,revealing a clear need for improved treatment options.Methods:This targeted review highlights the role of next generation sequencing in CCA and the clinically relevant tumor biomarkers that have become the focus of therapeutic development.key Content and Findings:These tumor biomarkers or actionable mutations hold the potential to enable earlier diagnosis,provide prognostic information,and guide treatment decisions for patients with CCA.Specifically,the FGFR2 fusion and IDH1 mutation have shown considerable promise in development of targeted therapies.Clinical trials with inhibitors targeting FGFR2 fusion and IDH1 mutation have created expectations that these drugs will soon enter clinical practice.Other biomarkers including kRAS and B-raf protooncogenes,Her2/neu genes,and BRCA1 and 2 tumor-suppressor genes have also been touted as potential targets for future therapies,with early data showing promise for new drug development.Conclusions:The discovery of these actionable mutations and identification of targeted therapies have challenged the notion of a“one-size fits all”for treatment of CCA,and generated optimism that these novel treatments will soon be available for patients with CCA.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA) targeted therapies IDH FGFR2 fusion tumor biomarkers

Genetic differentiation between three ecological variants （‘type’, ＇mysorensis＇ and ‘intermediate’） of malaria vector Anopheles stephensi （Diptera： Culicidae）

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Insect Science 2010年第4期17卷 335-343页

作者： Vipin Madhulika dube S. k. Gakhar Advanced Centre for Biotechnology Department of Statistics Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak India

Anopheles stephensi is the main vector of urban malaria in South Asia. Three ecological variants （‘type’, ‘mysorensis’ and ‘intermediate’） of An. stephensi have been reported on the basis of ecology and egg morphology. However, it is unclear if there is any genetic isolation between the three variants. We analyzed the three variants of An. stephensi using eight microsatellite loci and found that large and significant genetic differentiation exists between them （mean FST = 0.393 and mean RST = 0.422）. Pairwise estimates of genetic differentiation between the variants were ‘type’ versus ‘mysorensis’ （mean FsT = 0.411 and mean RST = 0.308）, ‘type’ versus‘intermediate’ （mean FsT = 0.388 and mean RST = 0.518） and ‘intermediate’versus ＇mysorensis＇（mean FST = 0.387 and mean RST = 0.398） and all were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. The greater sensitivity of RST in differentiation indicated that mutations and not genetic drift had generated the differences between three variants of An. stephensi. The present study indicated large genetic differentiation and presence of non-significant low level ofgene flow between the three variants （‘type’,‘ mysorensis’ and ‘intermediate’） of An. stephensi.

关键词： Anopheles stephensi ecological variants gene flow intermediate mysorensis type

GEOID: GRID Services for Earth Observation Image Data Processing

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2013年第2期6卷 185-195页

作者： Nitant dube R.Ramakrishnan k.S.Dasgupta Space Applications Centre ISROAhmedabadIndia Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology ThiruvananthapuramIndia

Recent developments in space technology and exponential increase in demand of earth observation data from space have generated a requirement of a data processing environment,where users can discover the data and process,based on their requirements.Grid Services for Earth Observation Image Data Processing(GEOID)is proposed with a motivation to cater to future earth observation applications requirements of digital earth.This paper discusses the overview of the GEOID architecture,its deployment scenario,use-cases and simulation results.Core technologies used for implementation include Grid computing and Service Oriented Architecture.GEOID provides capability to address require-ments of applications such as real-time monitoring,time series data processing and processing with user required quality to meet the requirements of end user applications.GEOID allows users to access the archive products or the raw satellite data stream and process their area of interest.Simulations show that applications such as time series analysis show considerable improvement in processing time by using GEOID.

关键词： earth observation digital earth GRID GEOID service oriented architecture GridSIM

An empirical L-band scintillation model for a mid-latitude station,Weihai, China during the low solar activity period

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第7期62卷 1182-1190页

作者： PRIYADARSHI shishir ZHANG Qing-He WANG Yong Shandong Provincial key laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment Institute of Space SciencesShandong University

Mid-latitude ionospheric scintillation has been studied in very poor proportion as compared to the equatorial and high latitude ionospheric scintillation. Mid-latitude ionospheric scintillations are often associated with either day time photo-ionization or due to the storm enhanced density. Using the phase screen model and the wave propagation theory in random media, we have identified the orientation of the ionospheric irregularities over Weihai with the local geomagnetic field. Amplitude and phase scintillation data observed using global positioning system(GPS) scintillation receiver deployed at the mid-latitude observation station Weihai, have been used along with k-index derived from the horizontal magnetic field component of the local magnetometer. The proposed model uses the scintillation indices relationship with the local k-index. We identified the scintillation dependence over local k-index during geomagnetic quiet and disturbed condition. This dependence coefficient is used on the real scintillation data for modeling. The presented scintillation model has been validated by comparing it to the real observations. The co-relation coefficient is more than 90% during the disturbed as well as quiet geomagnetic conditions.

关键词： mid-latitude ionosphere scintillation GPS global navigation satellite systems (GNSS)

Dm-Health App:Diabetes Diagnosis Using Machine Learning with Smartphone

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 1713-1746页

作者： Elias Hossain Mohammed Alshehri Sultan Almakdi Hanan Halawani Md.Mizanur Rahman Wahidur Rahman Sabila Al Jannat Nadim kaysar shishir Mia Department of Software Engineering Daffodil International UniversityDhaka1207Bangladesh Department of Computer Science Najran UniversityNajran55461Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering and TechnologyRajshahi6204Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversitySantoshTangail1902Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering BRAC UniversityDhaka1212Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering World University BangladeshDhaka1230Bangladesh

Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most severe diseases,and many studies have been conducted to anticipate diabetes.This research aimed to develop an intelligent mobile application based on machine learning to determine the diabetic,pre-diabetic,or non-diabetic without the assistance of any physician or medical tests.This study’s methodology was classified into two the Diabetes Prediction Approach and the Proposed System Architecture Design.The Diabetes Prediction Approach uses a novel approach,Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LightGBM),to ensure a faster diagnosis.The Proposed System ArchitectureDesign has been combined into sevenmodules;the Answering Question Module is a natural language processing Chabot that can answer all kinds of questions related to diabetes.The Doctor Consultation Module ensures free treatment related to diabetes.In this research,90%accuracy was obtained by performing k-fold cross-validation on top of the k nearest neighbor’s algorithm(kNN)&LightGBM.To evaluate the model’s performance,Receiver Operating Characteristics(ROC)Curve and Area under the ROC Curve(AUC)were applied with a value of 0.948 and 0.936,respectively.This manuscript presents some exploratory data analysis,including a correlation matrix and survey report.Moreover,the proposed solution can be adjustable in the daily activities of a diabetic patient.

关键词： Machine learning diabetes-prediction support vector machine(SVM) LightGBM eHealth ROC-AUC

Orchestration of occludins, claudins, catenins and cadherins as players involved in maintenance of the blood-epididymal barrier in animals and humans

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第4期9卷 463-475页

作者： Daniel G. Cyr Mary Gregory Evemie dube Julie Dufresne Peter T. k. Chan Louis Hermo INRS-Institut Armand Frappier Universite du Quebec 245 Hymus Boulevard Pointe Claire QC H9R 1G6 Canada Department of Urology Royal Victoria Hospital McGill University Montreal QC H3A 1A1 Canada Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology McGill University Montreal QC H3A 2B2 Canada

Although spermatozoa are formed during spermatogenesis in the testis, testicular spermatozoa are immature and cannot swim or fertilize. These critical spermatozoal functions are acquired in the epididymis where a specific luminal environment is created by the blood-epididymal barrier; proteins secreted by epididymal principal cells bind to maturing spermatozoa and regulate the maturational process of the spermatozoa. In the epididymis, epithelial cell-cell interactions are mediated by adhering junctions, necessary for cell adhesion, and by tight junctions, which form the blood-epididymal barrier. The regulation of these cellular junctions is thought to represent a key determinant in the process of sperm maturation within the epididymis. Tight junctions between adjacent principal cells permit the formation of a specific microenvironment in the lumen of the epididymis that is essential for sperm maturation. Although we have made significant progress in understanding epididymal function and the blood-epididymal barrier, using animal models, there is limited information on the human epididymis. If we are to understand the normal and pathological conditions attributable to human epididymal function, we must clearly establish the physiological, cellular and molecular regulation of the human epididymis, develop tools to characterize these functions and develop clinical strategies that will use epididymal functions to improve treatment of infertility. （Asian J Androl 2007 July; 9： 463- 475）

关键词： claudins cadherins catenins human rat mouse tight junction adherens junction

The role of radiation for pancreatic adenocarcinoma

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Journal of Pancreatology 2020年第2期3卷 72-80页

作者： Gamboa Adriana C. Lee Rachel M. Maithel shishir k. Division of Surgical Oncology Winship Cancer InstituteDepartment of SurgeryEmory UniversityAtlantaUSA

Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy with a high recurrence rate even after curative-intent resection.Improvements in survival have not been achieved in the last 25 years thus highlighting the need for effective multimodal treatment strategies.The role of radiation therapy for pancreatic cancer remains ill-defined due to historical lack of a standard definition of resectability,and the use of antiquated radiation delivery techniques and chemotherapy regimens.Current level I data regarding neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PDAC)are limited to 2 randomized controlled trials and several retrospective studies and suggest that it may lead to an increased likelihood of a margin-negative resection and certainly allows for improved patient selection for pancreaticoduodenectomy when compared to upfront surgery.In the adjuvant setting,data are similarly lacking but suggest that chemoradiotherapy may be beneficial for patients at high risk of locoregional recurrence.Here we review existing data regarding the role of radiation in PDAC.

关键词： Adjuvant radiotherapy Neoadjuvant radiotherapy Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Role of radiation for pancreas cancer