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Role of the anterior insular cortex microcircuits in observation fear of mice

中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2023年第7期37卷 551-552页

作者： LI Fengan FU Yuan XIAO Zhiyong SHI Tianyao ZHOU Wenxia State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine

OBJECTIVE Fear can be learned indirectly, but excessive transmission of fear is essential for the development of mental illness. Previous research has indicated that the anterior insular cortex(AIC) may play a crucial role in the process of fear transmission,and abnormal AIC activity is a possible mechanism underlying various affective disorders. Inhibitory neurons are crucial for maintaining local microcircuit homeostasis.With the support of novel specific neuroregulatory techniques, it is now possible to monitor and regulate different types of neurons in real-time. Therefore, investigating distinct subtypes of inhibitory neurons in the AIC that are involved in fear contagion may provide valuable insights into potential mechanisms underlying mental disorders.METHODS We established a modified observational fear(OF) model. A demonstrator(DM) mouse was placed in an acrylic cup at the center of the apparatus,and two observer(OB) mice were allowed to explore the DM mouse simultaneously from separate areas on either side. During the OF training, electric foot shocks were administered to the DM mouse and freezing, the side and corner time, and social interaction behavior were scored. Next, we characterized the activity patterns of distinct neuronal subtypes in the AIC using GCaMPbased calcium recording. Finally, we employed a Credependent optogenetic approach to selectively modulate excitatory or inhibitory neurons in the AIC, and investigated empathic fear behavior across different Cre transgenic mouse lines(CK2-Cre, PV-Cre, SOM-Cre, VIP-Cre).RESULTS During the training phase, the OB mice exhibited significantly higher levels of fear compared to the control group(which did not observe a traumatic event),as evidenced by increased freezing time, decreased interaction time, and increased corner zone time. Calcium fiber recording results suggested that CK2 neurons are involved in risk prediction, while PV and VIP neurons exert inhibitory control on this behavior. Optogenetic silencing of CK2-positive neurons in the AIC th

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A new mouse model to study the empathic fear and pain behavior

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2023年第7期37卷 551-551页

作者： SHI Tianyao FU Yuan LI Fengan XIAO Zhiyong ZHOU Wenxia State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine

OBJECTIVE Human beings possess the ability to indirectly acquire the emotions of others. This also known as emotional contagion or empathy, enables us to rapidly perceive the emotions of others. However,an excessive empathy may result in heightened fear and sensitivity to pain. Therefore, the establishment of appropriate animal models for analyzing neural mechanisms underlying empathy would contribute to pharmacological research on pain sensitivity caused by psychological susceptibility. METHODS We used the observed fear paradigm for assessing contagion of negative emotions in mice. To minimize the impact of emotional contagion differences caused by the subject change, we established a bilateral observation area and the two mice were trained to observe fear simultaneously. First, two observer(OB)mice were placed on either side of the observational area.Next, a demonstrator(DM) mouse was introduced into the cylindrical shock cage located at the center of the apparatus. The shock cage is made of transparent organic plastic with air holes and has provided ample space for free movement by the DM mouse. During the shock stage, DM mice were subjected to electric stimulation while the behaviors of OB mice on both sides was observed, including freezing, the side and corner time,social interaction behavior. Additionally, c-Fos staining was utilized to confirm distinct local brain activities.RESULTS In the habituation stage, OB mice on both sides showed more social preference for DM mouse, as evidenced by an increase in duration time in the designated interaction zone. During the shock phase, OB mice observed the DM mouse receiving electric shocks and displayed significantly higher levels of fear contagion;however, their fear behavior was not entirely consistent.Some mice exhibited a significant increase in freezing time, while others demonstrated a significant increase in corner and side exploration time. We utilized Z-normalization to evaluate changes in emotionality across various behaviors and identified mice with dist

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Multi-mapping Fault Diagnosis of High Voltage Circuit Breaker Based on Mathematical Morphology and Wavelet Entropy

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2019年第1期5卷 130-138页

作者： tianyao Ji Lin Yi Wenhu Tang Mengjie shi Q.H.Wu School of Electric Power Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China

Mechanical faults of high voltage circuit breakers(CBs)seriously affect the reliability of their operation,which may cause severe damage to power systems.In order to monitor operational conditions and detect mechanical faults of CBs,a multi-parameter monitoring system is designed and a fault diagnosis method based on multi-mapping is proposed.The paper focuses on the trip/close circuits,the spring-charging mechanism and the transmission mechanism,and obtains four current signals and a vibration signal that can reflect CB conditions.For the current signals,a morphological filter is used to remove noise and then characteristics of the waveforms’shape information are extracted.For vibration signals,the wavelet packet transform is used to decompose the signal into various frequency bands,and the sample entropy of the low frequency bands and the wavelet energy of the high frequency bands are calculated,respectively.Based on these feature parameters,a multi-mapping strategy is proposed for CB fault diagnosis.Laboratory experiments have been conducted to obtain on-site signals under various conditions,and experiment results have verified that monitoring the aforementioned signals and using the corresponding feature extraction and fault diagnosis methods,the mechanical faults of high voltage CBs can be effectively diagnosed.

关键词： Fault diagnosis high voltage circuit breaker multi-mapping sample entropy wavelet energy

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Sleep deprivation reorganizes the dynamic configurations of default mode network activity during recovery sleep

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第7期65卷 1456-1469页

作者： CUI Yan WU ShengDun ZHAO shi LONG tianyao JIAN ZhaoXin YU Shuang ZHANG Ge BISWAL Bharat GUO DaQing XIA Yang YAO DeZhong The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute MOE Key Lab for Neuro InformationCentre for Information in MedicineSchool of Life Science and TechnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Department of Neurosurgery Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072China Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research HospitalChengdu 610072China Research Unit of Neuro Information(2019RU035) Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesChengdu 611731China Department of Biomedical Engineering New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNew Jersey 07102USA School of Electrical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Sleep deprivation causes disturbances of the neural activity, leading to the impairment of brain functions. However, the exact mechanism of sleep deprivation and how it affects the dynamics of brain activity during the recovery sleep remains unclear. In the current study, we performed sleep deprivation experiments on ten adult rats, and recorded the local field potentials from default mode network(DMN) regions during sleep before and after sleep deprivation. The DMN dynamics was assessed with the configurations of coactive micropatterns(CAMPs) using our previously proposed CAMP method. Our analysis revealed that the effects of sleep deprivation on DMN dynamics in the slow-wave sleep(SWS) state and the rapid eye-movement sleep(REM)state were disparate. Dynamic configurations of DMN activity in the SWS state were significantly impaired after sleep deprivation, with increased occurrence of low-activity CAMP and reorganized transition structure across three CAMPs. Moreover,enhanced functional connectivity and improved efficiencies in all CAMP networks were observed during the SWS state in the recovery sleep. However, there were no significant alterations in either DMN dynamics or CAMP network structures in the REM sleep state after sleep deprivation. Our results described the alterations of DMN dynamics in different sleep states after sleep deprivation, and illustrated the differential effects of sleep deprivation on two sleep states. These findings demonstrated the underlying neural mechanisms of the effects of sleep deprivation on DMN activity during sleep and increased our understanding of the physiological roles of the DMN in maintain sleep homeostasis after sleep deprivation.

关键词： sleep deprivation sleep state default mode network coactive micropattern dynamic configuration efficiency

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基于综合情绪Z值的小鼠观察性恐惧习得性别差异研究

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2023年第10期37卷 733-743页

作者：付圆石天尧周文霞南京中医药大学江苏南京210023 军事科学院军事医学研究院毒物药物研究所抗毒药物与毒理学国家重点实验室北京100850

目的用Z-score归一化法整合观察性恐惧习得(OFL)模型小鼠的多项行为指标,探讨小鼠OFL的性别差异。方法①将雌性和雄性C57BL/6J小鼠分别分为对照组和模型组。在OFL训练阶段,令小鼠目睹同类小鼠遭受足底电击(模型组)或不遭受足底电击(对照... 详细信息

目的用Z-score归一化法整合观察性恐惧习得(OFL)模型小鼠的多项行为指标,探讨小鼠OFL的性别差异。方法①将雌性和雄性C57BL/6J小鼠分别分为对照组和模型组。在OFL训练阶段,令小鼠目睹同类小鼠遭受足底电击(模型组)或不遭受足底电击(对照组)以建立OFL模型,24 h后进行观察性恐惧回忆测试。分别记录训练阶段和24 h后恐惧回忆阶段雌、雄小鼠的僵住行为、旷场回避行为和社会交互行为,比较各行为的性别差异。应用Z-score归一化整合3种行为参数,以综合情绪Z值比较小鼠OFL反应的性别差异。②雌性小鼠行双侧卵巢切除术制备去势小鼠,检测OFL实验中3种恐惧行为,以综合情绪Z值比较去势模型组、假手术模型组与各自对照组以及假手术模型组与去势模型组之间的差异。结果①在训练阶段,雌、雄模型组小鼠的僵住时间和旷场回避时间均较同性别对照组显著增加(P<0.05),雌性模型组的社会交互次数较同性别对照组显著降低(P<0.01),但雌、雄模型组之间的僵住行为、旷场回避行为和社会交互行为均无显著差异。24 h后恐惧回忆阶段,雄性模型组的僵住时间较同性别对照组仍显著升高(P<0.01),雌性模型组与同性别对照组之间已无明显差异,雌、雄模型组的旷场回避和社会交互行为与同性别对照组相比均无显著差异,但与雌性模型组相比,雄性模型组的僵住时间显著增加(P<0.01)、旷场回避无差异、社会交互次数显著降低(P<0.01);根据整合后的综合情绪Z值,雌、雄模型组在训练阶段的恐惧情绪反应较同性别对照组强烈(P<0.01),雌雄之间无明显差异;在24 h后恐惧回忆阶段,雄性模型组的恐惧情绪反应仍较同性别对照组强烈(P<0.05),且明显强于雌性模型组(P<0.01)。②去势雌性模型组小鼠在训练阶段较去势对照组恐惧情绪反应明显增强(P<0.05),但与假手术模型组之间无差异;在24 h后恐惧回忆阶段,去势模型组恐惧情绪反应仍强于去势对照组,较假手术模型组也显著增强(P<0.01)。结论在OFL中,雌雄小鼠均能通过目睹同类遭受痛苦而获得恐惧,基于多种行为指标整合后的综合情绪Z值证明,雄鼠习得性恐惧比雌鼠更强。通过双侧卵巢切除消除雌激素的影响后,去势雌鼠的OFL反应与雄鼠相似。

关键词：观察性恐惧习得性别差异 Z-score 去势

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Internet of Things Intrusion Detection System Based on Convolutional Neural Network

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计算机、材料和连续体（英文） 2023年第4期75卷 2119-2135页

作者： Jie Yin Yuxuan shi Wen Deng Chang Yin Tiannan Wang Yuchen Song tianyao Li Yicheng Li Department of Computer Information and Cyber Security Jiangsu Police InstituteNanjingChina Engineering Research Center of Electronic Data Forensics Analysis NanjingChina Key Laboratory of Digital Forensics Department of Public Security of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjingChina

In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) technology has developedby leaps and bounds. However, the large and heterogeneous networkstructure of IoT brings high management costs. In particular, the low costof IoT devices exposes them to more serious security concerns. First, aconvolutional neural network intrusion detection system for IoT devices isproposed. After cleaning and preprocessing the NSL-KDD dataset, this paperuses feature engineering methods to select appropriate features. Then, basedon the combination of DCNN and machine learning, this paper designs acloud-based loss function, which adopts a regularization method to preventoverfitting. The model consists of one input layer, two convolutional layers,two pooling layers and three fully connected layers and one output layer.Finally, a framework that can fully consider the user’s privacy protection isproposed. The framework can only exchange model parameters or intermediateresults without exchanging local individuals or sample data. This paperfurther builds a global model based on virtual fusion data, so as to achievea balance between data privacy protection and data sharing computing. Theperformance indicators such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and AUCof the model are verified by simulation. The results show that the model ishelpful in solving the problem that the IoT intrusion detection system cannotachieve high precision and low cost at the same time.

关键词： Internet of things intrusion detection system convolutional neural network federated learning

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Reduced nitrogen application rate with dense planting improves rice grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency: A case study in east China

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The Crop Journal 2021年第4期9卷 954-961页

作者： Huanhe Wei tianyao Meng Jialin Ge Xubin Zhang Tianyi shi Enhao Ding Yu Lu Xinyue Li Yuan Tao Yinglong Chen Min Li Qigen Dai Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety The Ministry of Education of ChinaYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina Rice Research Institute of Guizhou Guiyang 550006GuizhouChina

Dense planting could be a feasible method for reducing nitrogen(N) application rates without compromising rice grain yield in northeast and central China. It is still unclear whether reduced N application with dense planting(RNDP) can achieve higher rice yield and N use efficiency(NUE) in Jiangsu, east China. Three japonica inbred rice(JI) and three indica hybrid rice(IH) cultivars were grown in a field experiment. Their grain yield, NUE, and related traits were compared under two cultivation treatments:conventional high-yielding practice(CHYP) and RNDP. JI showed similar yields under the two treatments,while IH showed lower yield under RNDP than under CHYP, and the partial factor productivity of N and N use efficiency for grain yield increased(P < 0.05) in both JI and IH under RNDP. Compared with CHYP,RNDP reduced spikelets per panicle but increased panicles per m2 and filled-kernel percentage of JI and IH, and JI's kernel weight was increased(P < 0.05) under RNDP. Shoot biomass weight and nonstructural carbohydrate(NSC) content in the stem at heading and maturity of JI and IH were reduced under RNDP, while harvest index and NSC remobilization reserve were increased(P < 0.05) under RNDP, especially for JI. Our results suggest that RNDP could achieve a higher rice grain yield and NUE, particularly for JI, a dominant rice cultivar type in Jiangsu. For JI, the increased panicles per m2, sink-filling efficiency, harvest index, and NSC remobilization after heading under RNDP contributed to a grain yield similar to that under CHYP.

关键词： Japonica inbred rice Grain yield Nitrogen use efficiency Reduced nitrogen rate Dense planting

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六味地黄苷糖对创伤应激致恐惧敏化的保护作用

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军事医学 2024年第2期48卷 129-135页

作者：李奉安秦钰石天尧周文霞南京中医药大学南京210023 军事科学院军事医学研究院毒物药物研究所抗毒药物与毒理学国家重点实验室北京100850

目的探究六味地黄苷糖对创伤应激致恐惧敏化的保护作用及潜在机制。方法选取6周龄雄性SPF级C57BL/6J小鼠,分为空白对照组、对照组、创伤应激组和创伤后药物保护组[LW-AFC,1.6 g/(kg·d),创伤后连续灌胃2周],考察各组小鼠在新环境、社会... 详细信息

目的探究六味地黄苷糖对创伤应激致恐惧敏化的保护作用及潜在机制。方法选取6周龄雄性SPF级C57BL/6J小鼠,分为空白对照组、对照组、创伤应激组和创伤后药物保护组[LW-AFC,1.6 g/(kg·d),创伤后连续灌胃2周],考察各组小鼠在新环境、社会交互以及观察性恐惧测试等非联想记忆依赖的恐惧敏化反应,并用Z-Score标准化的方法整合并评估运动距离、僵直时间、角落区停留时间等多个行为变量,以获得一个综合恐惧敏化得分,考察各组小鼠的恐惧敏化行为。ELISA法检测各组小鼠血清中促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素、促肾上腺皮质激素、皮质酮、肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、醛固酮的浓度。结果与对照组相比,创伤应激组小鼠在新环境测试时运动距离显著减少(P<0.0001)、僵直时间显著增加(P<0.0001)、角落区停留时间有增加趋势但差异无统计学意义、综合恐惧敏化得分显著升高(P<0.0001);在社会交互测试中,其运动距离显著减少(P<0.0001)、僵直时间显著增加(P<0.0001)、角落区停留时间显著增加(P<0.05)、综合恐惧敏化得分显著升高(P<0.0001);在观察性恐惧测试时,其运动距离显著减少(P<0.05)、僵直时间显著增加(P<0.0001)、角落停留时间显著增加(P<0.05)、综合恐惧敏化得分显著增加(P<0.0001)。与创伤应激组相比,创伤后药物保护组小鼠在3个测试中的各行为指标和综合恐惧敏化得分均有改善趋势,且在社会交互测试中的僵直时间(P<0.05)及综合恐惧敏化得分(P<0.05)存在统计学差异,在观察性恐惧测试中的僵直时间(P<0.05)及综合恐惧敏化得分(P<0.01)存在统计学差异。与空白对照组相比,对照组和创伤应激组小鼠在恐惧敏化测试后肾素和醛固酮水平均有升高趋势,且创伤应激组小鼠肾素和醛固酮水平均显著升高(P<0.01、P<0.05);与创伤应激组相比,创伤后药物保护组小鼠肾素和醛固酮水平有所降低且醛固酮水平差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论创伤应激小鼠在新环境、社会交互和观察性恐惧中均具有明显的恐惧敏化行为,其可能与肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统的过度激活有关;LW-AFC对创伤应激小鼠在社会交互和观察性恐惧中的恐惧敏化行为具有明显的改善作用,其可能与调节创伤应激小鼠肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统有关。

关键词：创伤应激恐惧敏化下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统六味地黄苷糖

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航空都市:一种规划视野的转变

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规划师 2021年第20期37卷 88-92页

作者：孙天尧华南理工大学建筑学院

基于航空运输对城市经济发展的带动作用,约翰·卡萨达提出了一种新的城市形态——“Aerotropolis”,这种城市形态作为“航空大都市”概念被引入中国。在此背景下,中国临空经济区的规划建设普遍使用“航空大都市”作为指导理念,但中国临... 详细信息

基于航空运输对城市经济发展的带动作用,约翰·卡萨达提出了一种新的城市形态——“Aerotropolis”,这种城市形态作为“航空大都市”概念被引入中国。在此背景下,中国临空经济区的规划建设普遍使用“航空大都市”作为指导理念,但中国临空经济区建设在“航空大都市”的指导下,存在认知偏差,造成规划误区。文章紧扣“Aerotropolis”的内涵和特质,对过往概念进行修正,提出“航空都市”一词,并围绕用地、交通、产业等方面探讨了航空都市的规划策略。同时,通过对荷兰阿姆斯特丹史基浦机场航空都市的全面剖析,提出了中国临空经济区规划的优化建议。

关键词：航空都市临空经济区规划策略速度经济

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水泥基材料中氯离子结合机理及其影响因素研究进展

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硅酸盐通报 2021年第1期40卷 13-24页

作者：史天尧陈星宇张敏刘倩昆明理工大学建筑工程学院云南省土木工程防灾重点试验室昆明650500 云南交投集团云岭建设有限公司昆明650051

氯离子侵蚀是造成钢筋混凝土中钢筋锈蚀的主要原因,水泥基材料中氯离子的结合可以有效延缓钢筋的锈蚀。本文主要从三个方面进行了综述:(1)氯离子结合机理;(2)氯离子结合的测试方法及表征;(3)氯离子结合影响因素。具体研究了水泥组分及... 详细信息

氯离子侵蚀是造成钢筋混凝土中钢筋锈蚀的主要原因,水泥基材料中氯离子的结合可以有效延缓钢筋的锈蚀。本文主要从三个方面进行了综述:(1)氯离子结合机理;(2)氯离子结合的测试方法及表征;(3)氯离子结合影响因素。具体研究了水泥组分及水化产物对氯离子的结合情况,以及不同测试方法及表征的应用范围、优缺点等,分析了辅助胶凝材料、养护龄期、氯盐阳离子类型、孔隙液pH值对氯离子结合的影响规律,并提出了还需进一步研究的问题,以便为今后钢筋混凝土寿命预测研究提供参考。

关键词：水泥基材料氯离子结合水化产物测试方法影响因素

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