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Variation of grain Cd and Zn concentrations of 110 hybrid rice cultivars grown in a low-Cd paddy soil

Journal of environmental Sciences 2009年第2期21卷 168-172页

作者： shi jing,li lianqing,pan genxing institute of resource,ecosystem and environment of agriculture,nanjing agricultural university,nanjing 210095,china. institute of resource Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China

Enhanced Cd uptake and Zn depletion in rice grains and high potential for food Cd exposure by the high-yielding hybrid cultivars of china.had been addressed. A field experiment was conducted in 2006 to determine the difference in grain Cd and Zn between cultivars. Total 110 cultivars including super rice and common hybrid rice cultivars were grown on a single paddy soil （Entic Haplaquept） with a neutral reaction and low total Cd content. Grain Cd and Zn concentrations were determined with graphite atomic adsorption spectrophotometer （GFAAS） and flame atomic adsorption spectrophotometer （AAS） respectively. Wide variation of Cd content in grain was found in a range of 0.004-0.057 mg/kg, while the Zn content in a range of 10.25-30.06 mg/kg among the cultivars. Higher Cd but lower Zn concentration in grains of super rice cultivars was observed compared to the common hybrid ones. A highly significant positive linear correlation of grain Cd/Zn with grain Cd was found for super rice and common hybrid cultivars, meanwhile much higher slope for these hybrid cultivars than the reported non-hybrid cultivars was also observed. Using the limit value of the Chinese chemical guidelines for foods （MOHC and SSC, 2005）, calculated potential risk of food Cd exposure with ＂Zn hungry＂ through diet intake was prominent with all the studied 110 hybrid rice cultivars, possessing high potential health problems for rice production in South china.using the super rice cultivars. Breeding of genotypes of rice cultivars with low grain Cd and low Cd/Zn ratio is needed for rice production in acidic red soils where Cd bioavailability is prevalently high.

关键词： rice cultivar rice grain cadmium zinc genotype difference

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Effects of free iron oxyhydrates and soil organic matter on copper sorption-desorption behavior by size fractions of aggregates from two paddy soils

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2009年第5期21卷 618-624页

作者： WANG Fang, pan genxing, li lianqing institute of resource, ecosystem and environment of agriculture, nanjing agricultural university, nanjing 210095, china. [a]institute of resource Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China

Effects of free iron oxyhydrates （Fed） and soil organic matter （SOM） on copper （Cu^2＋） sorption-desorption behavior by size fractions of aggregates from two typical paddy soils （Ferric-Accumulic Stagnic Anthrosol （Soil H） and Gleyic Stagnic Anthrosol （Soil W）） were investigated with and without treatments of dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate and of H2O2. The size fractions of aggregates were obtained from the undisturbed bulk topsoil using a low energy ultrasonic dispersion procedure. Experiments of equilibrium sorption and subsequent desorption were conducted at soil water ratio of 1：20, 25℃. For Soil H, Cu^2＋ sorption capacity of the DCB-treated size fractions was decreased by 5.9% for fine sand fraction, by 40.4% for coarse sand fraction, in comparison to 2.9% for the bnlk sample. However, Cu^2＋ sorption capacities of the H2O2-treated fractions were decreased by over 80% for the coarse sand fraction and by 15% for the clay-sized fraction in comparison to 88% for bulk soil. For Soil W, Cu^2＋ sorption capacity of the DCB-treated size fraction was decreased by 30% for the coarse sand fraction and by over 75% for silt sand fraction in comparison to 44.5% for the bulk sample. Cu^2＋ sorption capacities of the H2O2-treated fractions were decreased by only 2.0% for the coarse sand fraction and by 15% for the fine sand fraction in comparison to by 3.4% for bulk soil. However, Cu^2＋ desorption rates were increased much in H2O2-treated samples by over 80% except the clay-sized fraction （only 9.5%） for Soil H. While removal of SOM with H2O2 tendend to increase the desorption rate, DCB- and H2O2-treatments caused decrease in Cu^2＋ retention capacity of size fractions, Particularly, there hardly remained Cu^2＋ retention capacity by size fractions from Soil H after H2O2 treatment except for clay-sized fraction. These findings supported again the dominance of the coarse sand fraction in sorption of metals and the preference of absorbed metals bound to SOM in differently stabilized

关键词： paddy soils Cn^2+ sorption-desorption soil organic matter free iron oxyhydrates size fraction of aggregates

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Elevated CO_(2) increases soil redox potential by promoting root radial oxygen loss in paddy field

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 11-20页

作者： Jie li Han Zhang Wenyi Xie Cheng liu Xiaoyu liu Xuhui Zhang lianqing li genxing pan institute of resource Ecosystem and Environment of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China College of agriculture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Soil redox potential(Eh)plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of soil *** its effect soil process and nutrients'availability under elevated atmospheric CO_(2) concentration and warming has seldom been ***,in this study,a field experiment was used to elucidate the effect of elevated CO_(2) concentration and warming on soil Eh,redox-sensitive elements and root radial oxygen loss(ROL).We hypothesized elevated CO_(2) and warming could alter soil Eh by promoting or inhibiting *** found that soil Eh in the rhizosphere was significantly higher than that of *** CO_(2) enhanced soil Eh by 11.5%,which corresponded to a significant decrease in soil Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+)*** elevated CO_(2),the concentration of Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+)decreased by 14.7%and 13.7%,*** also found that elevated CO_(2) altered rice root aerenchyma structure and promoted rice root *** elevated CO_(2),rice root ROL increased by 79.5%and 112.2%for Yangdao 6 and Changyou 5,*** had no effect on soil Eh and rice root *** warming increased the concentration of Mn^(2+)and SO_(4)^(2-)by 4.9%and 19.3%,*** was a significant interaction between elevated CO_(2) and warming on Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+).Under elevated CO_(2),warming had no effect on the concentration of Fe^(2+)but decreased Mn^(2+)concentration *** study demonstrated that elevated atmospheric CO_(2) in the future could increase soil Eh by promoting rice root ROL,which will alter some soil nutrients'availability,such as Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+).

关键词： Atmospheric CO_(2)enrichment Global warming Soil redox potential FACE Rice root aerenchyma

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Membrane vesicles derived from Streptococcus suis serotype 2 induce cell pyroptosis in endothelial cells via the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway

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Journal of Integrative agriculture 2024年第4期23卷 1338-1353页

作者： Keda shi Yan li Minsheng Xu Kunli Zhang Hongchao Gou Chunling li Shaolun Zhai institute of Animal Health Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention ofGuangdong Province/Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of GuangdongProvinceMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangzhou 510640China Maoming Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and TechnologyMaoming 525000China College of Animal Science&Technology Zhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringGuangzhou 510225China

Streptococcus suis serotype 2(*** 2)is a zoonotic pathogen that clinically causes severe swine and human infections(such as meningitis,endocarditis,and septicemia).In order to cause widespread diseases in different organs,*** 2 must colonize the host,break the blood barrier,and cause exaggerated *** the last few years,most studies have focused on a single virulence factor and its influences on the *** vesicles(MVs)can be actively secreted into the extracellular environment contributing to bacteria-host ***-negative bacteria-derived outer membrane vesicles(OMVs)were recently shown to activate host Caspase-11-mediated non-canonical inflammasome pathway via deliverance of OMV-bound lipopolysaccharide(LPS),causing host cell ***,little is known about the effect of the MVs from *** 2(Gram-positive bacteria without LPS)on cell ***,we investigated the molecular mechanism by which *** 2 MVs participate in endothelial cell *** this study,we used proteomics,electron scanning microscopy,fluorescence microscope,Western blotting,and bioassays,to investigate the MVs secreted by *** ***,we demonstrated that *** 2 secreted MVs with an average diameter of 72.04 nm,and 200 proteins in MVs were ***,we showed that MVs were transported to cells via mainly dynamin-dependent *** *** 2 MVs activated NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD canonical inflammasome signaling pathway,resulting in cell pyroptosis,but it did not activate the Caspase-4/-5 *** importantly,endothelial cells produce large amounts of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and lost their mitochondrial membrane potential under induction by *** 2 *** results in this study suggest for the first time that MVs from *** 2 were internalized by endothelial cells via mainly dynamin-dependent endocytosis and might promote NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway by mitochondrial damage,which produced mtDNA and ROS under induction,

关键词： Streptococcus suis serotype 2 membrane vesicles endocytosis pyroptosis NLRP3 inflammasomes mitochondrial damage endothelial cell

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Organic carbon stratification and size distribution of three typical paddy soils from Taihu Lake region,china

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2008年第4期20卷 456-463页

作者： pan genxing WU Laosheng li lianqing ZHANG Xuhui GONG Wei WOOD Yvonne institute of resource Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China Department of environmental Sciences University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA

Developing realistic soil carbon （C） sequestration strategies for china.s sustainable agriculture relies on accurate estimates of the amount, retention and turnover rates of C stored in paddy soils. Available C estimates to date are predominantly for the tilled and flood-irrigated surface topsoil （ca. 30 cm）. Such estimates cannot be used to extrapolate to soil depths of 100 cm since soil organic carbon （SOC） generally shows a sharp decrease with depth. In this research, composite soil samples were collected at several depths to 100 cm from three representative paddy soils in the Taihu Lake region, china. Soil organic carbon distribution in the profiles and in aggregate-size fractions was determined. Results showed that while SOC decreased exponentially with depth to 100 cm, a substantial proportion of the total SOC （30%-40%） is stored below the 30 cm depth. In the carbon-enriched paddy topsoils, SOC was found to accumulate preferentially in the 2-0.25 and 0.25-0.02 mm aggregate size fractions. δ^13C analysis of the coarse micro-aggregate fraction showed that the high degree of C stratification in the paddy topsoil was in agreement with the occurrence of lighter δ^1313C in the upper 30 cm depth. These results suggest that SOC stratification within profiles varies with different pedogenetical types of paddy soils with regards to clay and iron oxyhydrates distributions. Sand-sized fractions of aggregates in paddy soil systems may play a very important role in carbon sequestration and turnover, dissimilar to other studied agricultural systems.

关键词： profile stratification organic carbon paddy soils size fractions soil aggregates carbon storage

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Soil Fertility Indices of Citrus Orchard Land Along Topographic Gradients in the Three Gorges Area of china

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Pedosphere 2011年第6期21卷 782-792页

作者： WU Dian-Ming YU Yuan-Chun XIA li-Zhong YIN shi-Xue YANG lin-Zhang College of Forest resources and environment Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 （China） State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 （China） College of environmental Science and Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 22500g （China）

In the Three Gorges Area of china. soil erosion and the resultant non-point source pollution and ecological degradation have endangered agricultural ecosystems and fresh water reservoirs. Although efforts have been undertaken to reduce soil and water losses from slope land used for citrus production, information on the effects of management practices on soil fertility indices is either limited or nonexistent. This study was conducted to compare the effects of 10 years of various management practices, citrus intercropped with white clover (WC), citrus mulched with straw (SM), citrus intercropped with contour hedgerows (CH), citrus orchard land with impermeable membrane (IM), and citrus intercropped with wheat (Triticum aestivum) and peanut (Arachris hypogaea) (WP), as treatments on soil fertility indices with that of the conventional citrus management (CM). Results showed that the soil organic carbon, total and available nitrogen, available potassium, and water-stable aggregate (> 0.25 mm) contents at the 0–5 cm depth were higher for the WC and SM treatments than the CM treatment. There was also spatial variation in soil fertility along slopes of the WC and SM treatments. The soil total and available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and water-stable aggregate (> 0.25 mm) contents at both the 0–5 and 5–20 cm depths were higher for the CH and IM treatments than the CM treatment. The average soil available nitrogen and available potassium contents were higher for the WP treatment than the CM treatment, but the WP treatment had little effect on the soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and water-stable aggregate (> 0.25 mm) contents. These suggested that white clover intercropping and straw mulching were the most effective approaches to improve soil fertility in citrus orchard land of the Three Gorges area.

关键词： intercropping slope land soil nutrients soil water-stable aggregates straw mulching

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Changes in cropland topsoil organic carbon with different fertilizations under long-term agro-ecosystem experiments across china.s Mainland

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Science china.life Sciences) 2010年第7期53卷 858-867页

作者： WANG ChengJi pan genxing TIAN YouGuo li lianqing ZHANG XuHui HAN XiaoJun institute of resources Ecosystem and Environment of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Center of Soil and Fertilizer Quality Monitoring and Test Agricultural Ministry of ChinaBeijing 100026China

Topsoil soil organic carbon(SOC) data were collected from long-term Chinese agro-ecosystem experiments presented in 76 reports with measurements over 1977 and *** data set comprised 481 observations(135 rice paddies and 346 dry croplands) of SOC under different fertilization schemes at 70 experimental sites(28 rice paddies and 42 dry croplands).The data set covered 16 dominant soil types found in croplands across 23 provinces of china.s *** fertilization schemes were grouped into six categories:N(inorganic nitrogen fertilizer only),NP(compound inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers),NPK(compound inorganic nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers),O(organic fertilizers only),OF(combined inorganic/organic fertilization) and Others(other unbalanced fertilizations such as P only,K only,P plus K and N plus K).Relative change in SOC content was analyzed,and rice paddies and dry croplands soils were *** was an overall temporal increase in topsoil SOC content,and relative annual change(RAC,g kg-1 yr-1) ranged -0.14-0.60(0.13 on average) for dry cropland soils and -0.12-0.70(0.19 on average) for rice *** content increase was higher in rice paddies than in dry *** increased across experimental sites,but was higher under organic fertilization and combined organic/inorganic fertilizations than chemical *** increase was higher under balanced chemical fertilizations with compound N,P and K fertilizers than unbalanced fertilizations such as N only,N plus P,and N plus *** effects of specific rational fertilizations on SOC increase persisted for 15 years in dry croplands and 20 years in rice paddies,although RAC values decreased generally as the experiment duration ***,the extension of rational fertilization in china.s croplands may offer a technical option to enhance C sequestration potential and to sustain long-term crop productivity.

关键词： long-term agro-ecosystem experiments fertilization croplands soil organic carbon carbon sequestration cross site analysis

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Genome-wide association study of seedling nitrogen-use efficiency-associated traits in common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 222-231页

作者： Huawei shi Weichong Wang lifeng Gao Jirong Wu Chengmei Hu Huishu Yan Yugang shi Ning li Youzhi Ma Yongbin Zhou Zhaoshi Xu Jun Chen Wensi Tang Kai Chen Daizhen Sun Yuxiang Wu Ming Chen College of agriculture Shanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhong 030801ShanxiChina National Key Facility for Crop Gene resources and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae CropsMinistry of AgricultureInstitute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Nitrogen(N)fertilizer application is essential for crop-plant growth and *** genetic loci associated with N-use efficiency(NUE)could increase wheat yields and reduce environmental pollution caused by *** subjected a panel of 389 wheat accessions to N and chlorate(a nitrate analog)treatments to identify quantitative trait loci(QTL)controlling NUE-associated traits at the wheat seedling *** the panel with a 660K single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array,we identified 397 SNPs associated with N-sensitivity index and chlorate inhibition *** SNPs were merged into 49 QTL,of which eight were multi-environment stable QTL and 27 were located near previously reported QTL.A set of 135 candidate genes near the 49 QTL included TaBOX(F-box family protein)and TaERF(ethylene-responsive transcription factor).A Tabox mutant was more sensitive to low-N stress than the wild-type *** developed two functional markers for Hap 1,the favorable allele of TaBOX.

关键词： Wheat NUE Genome-wide association study Nitrogen sensitive index Chlorate inhibition rate

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi reduce ammonia emissions under different land-use types in agro-pastoral areas

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 497-507页

作者： Huaisong WANG Rui GUO Yibo TIAN Nan CUI Xinxin WANG Lei WANG Zhongbao YANG Shuying li Jixun GUO lianxuan shi Tao ZHANG institute of Grassland Science Northeast Normal UniversityKey Laboratory of Vegetation EcologyMinistry of EducationJilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationChangchun 130024China institute of environment and Sustainable Development in agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Dryland AgricultureMinistry of AgricultureBeijing 100081China Mountainous Area Research institute of Hebei Province Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001China College of Agronomy Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252059China The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and environmental Adaptation Biology Ministry of EducationSchool of Life ScienceShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Aohan Banner Chifeng 024005China

Ammonia(NH3)emissions,the most important nitrogen(N)loss form,always induce a series of environmental problems such as increased frequency of regional haze pollution,accelerated N deposition,and N *** mycorrhizal(AM)fungi play key roles in N ***,it is still unclear whether AM fungi can alleviate N losses by reducing *** potential mechanisms by which AM fungi reduce NH_(3)emissions in five land-use types(grazed grassland,mowed grassland,fenced grassland,artificial alfalfa grassland,and cropland)were explored in this *** showed that AM fungal inoculation significantly reduced NH3emissions,and the mycorrhizal responses of NH3emissions were determined by land-use *** equation modeling(SEM)showed that AM fungi and land-use type directly affected NH_(3)*** addition,the reduction in NH_(3)emissions was largely driven by the decline in soil NH_(4)^(+)-N and pH and the increases in abundances of ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA)amoA and bacteria(AOB)amoB genes,urease activity,and plant N uptake induced by AM fungal inoculation and land-use *** present results highlight that reducing the negative influence of agricultural intensification caused by land-use type changes on AM fungi should be considered to reduce N losses in agriculture and grassland ecosystems.

关键词： agricultural intensification grassland management functional genes plant N uptake N leaching N loss

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Warming intensified the effects of nitrogen addition on N_(2)O emissions from alpine meadow in the northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 101-112页

作者： Ming-Jie li Yi-Qing GE Hasbagan GANJURJAV Guo-Zheng HU Hong-Bao WU Jun YAN shi-Cheng HE Qing-Zhu GAO institute of environment and Sustainable Development in agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China National agricultural Experimental Station for agricultural environment Nagqu 852100China Ecology and Nature Conservation institute Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091China College of resource and environment Anhui Science and Technology UniversityFengyang 233100China Nagqu agriculture Animal Husbandryand Prataculture Science and Technology Research and Extension CenterNagqu 852100China Tongliao Experimental Middle School Tongliao 028000China

Warming and nitrogen(N)addition may impact soil nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emissions,but the relationship between plant community composition and soil microbial activities remains *** a two-year field study in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,open-top chambers were used to quantify the effects of warming,N-addition,and their interactions on N_(2)O *** found that the N-addition greatly increased N_(2)O emissions by 77.4%in 2018 when compared to the control *** contrast,warming showed little effect on N_(2)0 emissions but did increase the activity of enzymes associated with soil nitrification and denitrification.A combined effect of warming and N-addition of resulted in 208.6%(2018)and 90.8%(2019)increase in N_(2)0 emissions,respectively,compared to the individual treatments of warming or *** warming in alpine meadows is causally linked to increased legume biomass which is further intensified with the *** legume biomass(p<0.05),soil moisture(p<0.001)and enzyme activity(p<0.001)had a positive effect on N_(2)0 emissions,while diminished microbial carbon/nitrogen(MBC/MBN)(p<0.05)correlated with reduced N_(2)O *** results indicated that N-addition has a positive effect on N_(2)O emissions,and the addition of warming further intensifies this *** increased dominance of legumes and microbial N content contributes to this *** outcomes suggest that warming and atmospheric N deposition can stimulate N_(2)O emissions of alpine meadows inthefuture.

关键词： Alpine meadow Community composition Nitrogen addition Nitrous oxide flux Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Warming

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