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The Chinese patent medicine, Jin-tang-ning, ameliorates hyperglycemia through improving β cell function in pre-diabetic KKAy mice

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2020年第11期18卷 827-836页

作者： LIU Shuai-Nan LIU Quan LEI Lei SUN Su-Juan LI Cai-Na HUAN Yi HOU Shao-Cong shen zhu-fang State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines Key laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of BejingInstitute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBejing 100050China

Jin-tang-ning(JTN), a Chinese patent medicine, mainly comprised of Bombyx mori L., has been proved to show α-glucosidase inhibitory efficacy and clinically effective for the treatment of type 2 diabetes(T2 DM). Recently, we have reported that JTN could ameliorate postprandial hyperglycemia and improved β cell function in monosodium glutamate(MSG)-induced obese mice,suggesting that JTN might play a potential role in preventing the conversion of impaired glucose tolerance(IGT) to T2 DM. In this study, we evaluated the effect of JTN on the progression of T2 DM in the pre-diabetic KKAy mice. During the 10 weeks of treatment,blood biochemical analysis and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed to evaluate glucose and lipid profiles. The β cell function was quantified using hyperglycemic clamp at the end of the study. JTN-treated groups exhibited slowly raised fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels, and also ameliorated lipid profile. JTN improved glucose intolerance after 8 weeks of treatment. Meanwhile, JTN restored glucose-stimulated first-phase of insulin secretion and induced higher maximum insulin levels in the hyperglycemic ***, to investigate the underlying mechanisms of JTN in protecting β cell function, the morphologic changes of the pancreatic islets were observed by optical microscope and immunofluorescence of hormones(insulin and glucagon). Pancreatic protein expression levels of key factors involving in insulin secretion-related pathway and ER stress were also detected by Western blot. Pre-diabetic KKAy mice exhibited a compensatory augment in β cell mass and abnormal α cell distribution. Long-term treatment of JTN recovered islet morphology accompanied by reducing α cell area in KKAy mice. JTN upregulated expression levels of glucokinase(GCK), pyruvate carboxylase(PCB) and pancreas duodenum homeobox-1(PDX-1), while down-regulating C/EBP homologous protein(Chop)expression in pancreas of the hyperglycemic clamp, which indicated the improvem

关键词： Jin-tang-ning(JTN) Pre-diabetes βCell function Type 2 diabetes ER stress

A Low Cost, Green Sustainable and Biodegradable Biomass-based Fluorine-free Water and Oil Repellent

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第4期42卷 480-491页

作者： Zhi-Wei shen Shu-Feng Hu Chen Zeng Wei-Qing Kong Mei-fang zhu State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers&Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering School of Light Industry and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510630China

With the global ban on plastics intensifying, the substitution of plastic with paper has garnered increasing attention. However, the inadequate water and oil repellency of pulp molding hinders its practical applications. Currently, the common method to enhance the oil and water repellency of pulp molding is by adding fluorinated water and oil repellents. Nevertheless, fluorinated compounds are environmentally and physiologically harmful. Therefore, the development of fluorine-free, water and oil repellent alternatives is crucial. In this study, chitosan and stearic acid were utilized as the first and second layers of the oil and water repellent coatings, respectively. The coated samples exhibited favorable water repellency, with a water contact angle of 116.4°, and excellent oil repellency, achieving a 12/12 rating on the kit scale. Importantly, the samples did not exhibit any leakage after being soaked in hot water and hot oil at 95±5℃ for 30 min, demonstrating remarkable performance as a barrier against hot water and oil. Moreover, the coated samples displayed outstanding mechanical properties, thermal stability, biodegradability, and recyclability. The approach presented in this study is simple, cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and represents a promising technique for producing fluoride-free, oil-and water-resistant pulp molding products.

关键词： Biomass Fluoride-free Oil-andwater-resistant Plasticfree

Solar energetic particles intensity variations associated with a tilted-dipole 3D corotating interaction region

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第5期8卷 797-810页

作者： YuJi zhu fang shen Xi Luo Yang Wang BoFeng Tang State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT) College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology

The effect of a tilted-dipole three-dimensional corotating interaction region(CIR) on the transport and acceleration of solar energetic particles(SEPs) is *** this work,we discussed how the particle intensity longitudinal and radial dependence might be influenced by the background ***,we investigate how the spectral index distribution is modulated by the CIR structure We use the focused transport equation(FTE) to describe the propagation and acceleration of SEPs in a tilt-dipole 3D CIR,generated by the high-resolution 3D magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) *** forward stochastic differential method is used to solve the *** protons with theE～(-4.4)spectrum from 0.5 to 15 MeV are injected uniformly at the heliographic equator of 0.15 *** quantities are extracted along each interplanetary magnetic field(IMF) line to show the *** the tilted-dipole CIR background,if injected from the solar equator at the inner boundary,particles in the slow flow are transported to higher latitudes due to the extension of the IMF lines to higher *** longitudinal patterns of the particles are dominated by the density of IMF *** focusing effect modulates the longitudinal variation of the particle intensity and gives rise to new longitudinal intensity *** adiabatic effect largely increases the intensity fluctuation along the *** structure of the solar wind can also lead to the difference of the index α in the empirical functionI＿(max)=kR～(-α),describing the radial variation of peak intensity according to our *** the influence of the CIR structure,the index α varies from 1.9 to 3.4 at 0.3-1.0 *** variation of the solar wind speed should be considered when estimating the radial dependence of the SEP peak *** spectra indices rise near the CIR boundaries and drop near the stream interface(SI).The adiabatic effect makes the spatial variability of the spectral index *** spectral index could be sim

关键词： solar energetic particle (SEP) corotating interaction regions (CIR) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)

Energy Harvesting in the Wake of An Inverted C-Shaped Bluff Body

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第1期38卷 68-80页

作者： WANG Jun-lei LI shen-fang Md.Mahbub ALAM zhu Hong-jun HU Guo-biao School of Mechanical and Power Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450000China Center for Turbulence Control Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518055China State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China Internet of Things Thrust The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)Guangzhou 511400China

This paper proposes a novel wake-induced vibration(WIV)-based energy harvesting system consisting of two bluff *** inverted C-shaped bluff body is stationary installed at the upstream position to generate an interference wake street,and a cylinder bluff body equipped with a transducer is elastically suspended at the downstream position to harness WIV *** hydrodynamics and energy harvesting(EH)performance of the proposed system are investigated via experimental *** reduced velocity(U*)ranging from 2 to 14(the corresponding Reynolds number ranging from 15100 to 106200)is considered in the present *** is found that the wake generated by the inverted C-shaped bluff body significantly affects the EH *** the opening angle(α)of the C-shaped bluff body increases the vibration amplitude of the downstream cylinder,thereby increasing the harvested *** the spacing(L)between two bluff bodies is two times the cylinder diameter(D),the wake-induced vibration(WIV)mode is observed,while the combined WIV and wake galloping(WG)mode occurs whenαis 150°,and L equals 3D or *** average drag coefficient becomes negative when L is 2D,3D,or *** carefully configuring a C-shaped bluff body,the wake generated by it can bring an augmenting effect on the vibration of the downstream EH *** example,the RMS power output of the proposed EH system reaches a maximum of 0.31 W at U*=8 and L=4D,which is 300%greater than that of its traditional ***,after a number of case stud-ies,it is identified that the proposed EH system can achieve the best performance whenαis 150°and L=2D.

关键词： wake-induced vibration vortex-induced vibration galloping energy harvesting bluff body

Constitutive modelling of concrete material subjected to low-velocity projectile impact:insights into damage mechanism and target resistance

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第2期25卷 161-182页

作者： shen LIU Xieping HUANG Xiangzhen KONG Qin fang Center for Hypergravity Experiment and Interdisciplinary Research Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Institute of Geotechnical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention&Mitigation of Explosion&Impact Army Engineering University of PLANanjing210007China

This paper presents a numerical study to improve the understanding of the complex subject of penetration and perforation of concrete targets impacted by low-velocity *** main focus is on the damage mechanisms and the major factors that account for the target resistance of the *** improved continuous surface cap model recently proposed was *** model was first equipped with element erosion criteria and was adequately validated by comparisons with ballistic *** numerical simulations were carried out where the individual influence of tensile,shear,and volumetric behaviors(pore collapse)of a concrete target on its ballistic performance was *** demonstrated that cratering on the front face and scabbing on the rear face of the concrete target were mainly dominated by its tensile *** major target resistance came from the second tunneling stage which was primarily governed by the shear and volumetric behaviors of the ***,this study captured the pore collapse-induced damage phenomenon during the high-pressure tunneling stage,which has been extensively reported in experiments but has usually been neglected in previous numerical investigations.

关键词： Penetration Perforation Damage mechanism Target resistance Projectile impact Pore collapse

Analytical computation of magnetic field in coil-dominated superconducting quadrupole magnets based on racetrack coils

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 119-135页

作者： Chuang shen Ying-Shun zhu Fu-San Chen China Spallation Neutron Source Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences1 Zhongziyuan RoadDongguan 523000China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences19B Yuquan RoadBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Currently,three types of superconducting quadrupole magnets are used in particle accelerators:cos 2θ,CCT,and ***,all three coil configurations have complex spatial geometries,which make magnet manufacturing and strain-sensitive superconductor applications *** with the three existing quadrupole coils,the racetrack quadrupole coil has a simple shape and manufacturing process,but there have been few theoretical *** this paper,the two-dimensional and three-dimensional analytical expressions for the magnetic field in coil-dominated racetrack superconducting quadrupole magnets are *** analytical expressions of the field harmonics and gradient are fully resolved and depend only on the geometric parameters of the coil and current ***,a genetic algorithm is applied to obtain a solution for the coil geometry parameters with field harmonics on the order of 10^(-4).Finally,considering the practical engineering needs of the accelerator interaction region,electromagnetic design examples of racetrack quadrupole magnets with high gradients,large apertures,and small apertures are described,and the application prospects of racetrack quadrupole coils are analyzed.

关键词： Superconducting quadrupole magnet Racetrack coil Multipole field Genetic algorithm Magnetic design

Design method and experimental study of a cathode tool with an extremely high leveling ratio for electrochemical machining of blisk

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 593-608页

作者： Moqi shen Jia LIU Jingtao WANG Di zhu College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

To obtain final parts with the desired dimensional accuracy and repeatability via electrochemical machining(ECM), the machining process must enter an ECM balanced state. However,for the ECM processing of blisk, a key component of aerospace engines, the surface of the blade blank often has an uneven allowance distribution due to the narrow passage of the cascade. It is difficult to remedy this issue in subsequent processing steps, which is necessary to ensure the dimensional accuracy and repeatability of the final blade profile. To solve this problem, electrolytic machining must be preceded by electrolytic shaping, which requires cathode tools with large leveling ratios to quickly homogenize the blank surface of the blade. In this study, to obtain a cathode tool with an extremely high leveling ratio, a design method based on the variation in the electrode gap in the non-equilibrium electrolytic state is proposed, and a dissolution model based on the nonequilibrium state is established. In this design method, the allowance on the blank to be machined is first divided into many discrete allowances with the normal direction. The initial machining clearance, feed rate, and total machining time are then calculated using classical ECM equilibrium state theory based on the maximum allowance. Meanwhile, the point coordinates of the cathode tool at maximum allowance can be determined. The non-equilibrium model can then be used to calculate the relative coordinate positions corresponding to the remaining discrete allowances. Finally, the entire cathode tool profile is designed. Simulations, fundamental experiments, and blisk unit workpiece experiments were carried out to validate the design approach. In the simulated processing of the plane workpiece, the leveling ratio of the cathode tool designed by the proposed method(0.77)was 83% higher than that of the cathode tool designed using the traditional method. The simulation results were confirmed by processing experiments. In t

关键词： Electrochemical machining(ECM) Non-equilibrium machining Large leveling ratios Cathode design Finite element simulation Blisk

Discontinuous phase diagram of amorphous carbons

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 164-171页

作者： YinBo zhu ZhouYu fang ZhongTing Zhang HengAn Wu CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Modern MechanicsUniversity of Science and Technology of China State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The short-range order and medium-range order of amorphous carbons demonstrated in experiments allow us to rethink whether there exist intrinsic properties hidden by atomic disordering. Here we presented six representative phases of amorphous carbons（0.1–3.4 g/cm3）, namely, disordered graphene network（DGN）, high-density amorphous carbon（HDAC）, amorphous diaphite（a-DG）, amorphous diamond（a-D）, paracrystalline diamond（p-D）, and nano-polycrystalline diamond（NPD）, respectively, classified by their topological features and microstructural characterizations that are comparable with experiments. To achieve a comprehensive physical landscape for amorphous carbons, a phase diagram was plotted in the sp3/sp2versus density plane, in which the counterintuitive discontinuity originates from the inherent difference in topological microstructures, further guiding us to discover a variety of phase transitions among different amorphous carbons. Intriguingly, the power law, log（sp3/sp2） ∝ ρn, hints at intrinsic topology and hidden order in amorphous carbons, providing an insightful perspective to reacquaint atomic disorder in non-crystalline carbons.

关键词： amorphous carbons disordered carbons phase diagram microstructural topology phase transition

ProNet Adaptive Retinal Vessel Segmentation Algorithm Based on Improved UperNet Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 283-302页

作者： Sijia zhu Pinxiu Wang Ke shen CW Chu College Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou221000China Biomedical Engineering College Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510080China

This paper proposes a new network structure,namely the ProNet *** medical image segmentation can help clinical diagnosis of related eye diseases and is essential for subsequent rational *** baseline model of the ProNet network is UperNet(Unified perceptual parsing Network),and the backbone network is ConvNext(Convolutional Network).A network structure based on depth-separable convolution and 1×1 convolution is used,which has good performance and *** further optimise ProNet mainly in two *** is data enhancement using increased noise and slight angle rotation,which can significantly increase the diversity of data and help the model better learn the patterns and features of the data and improve the model’s ***,it can effectively expand the training data set,reduce the influence of noise and abnormal data in the data set on the model,and improve the accuracy and reliability of the *** is the loss function aspect,and we finally use the focal loss *** focal loss function is well suited for complex tasks such as object *** function will penalise the loss carried by samples that the model misclassifies,thus enabling better training of the model to avoid these errors while solving the category imbalance problem as a way to improve image segmentation density and segmentation *** the experimental results,the evaluation metrics mIoU(mean Intersection over Union)enhanced by 4.47%,and mDice enhanced by 2.92% compared to the baseline *** generalization effects and more accurate image segmentation are achieved.

关键词： Retinal segmentation multifaceted optimization cross-fusion data enhancement focal loss