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The Competitive Saving Motive： Concept, Evidence, and Implications

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Frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2016年第3期11卷 355-366页

作者： shang-jin wei Xiaobo Zhang Economic Research and Regional Cooperation Department Asian Development Bank Mandaluyong City 1550 Metro Manila Philippines National School of Development Peking University Beijing 100871 China

This short essay surveys recent literature on the competitive saving motive and its broader economic implications. The competitive saving motive is defined as saving to improve one＇s status relative to other competitors for dating and marriage partners. Here are some of the key results of the recent literature：（i） cross-country evidence show that greater gender imbalances tend to correspond with higher savings rates; （ii） household-level evidence suggest that：（a） families with unmarried sons in rural regions with more skewed sex ratios tend to have higher savings rates, while savings rates of families with unmarried daughters appear uncorrelated with gender imbalances; and （b） savings rates of families in cities tend to rise with the local sex ratio; （iii） rising sex ratios contribute nearly half of the rise in housing prices in the People＇s Republic of China; and （iv） families with sons in regions of greater sex ratios are more likely to become entrepreneurs and take risky jobs to earn more income.

关键词： marriage market competition current account saving sex ratio

Experimental Study on Crescent Waves Diffracted by A Circular Cylinder

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China Ocean Engineering 2018年第5期32卷 624-632页

作者： YAN Kai SHEN Liang-duo shang jin-wei MA Liang ZOU Zhi-li School of Port and Transportation Engineering Zhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316022China State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

Crescent waves often observed on the sea surface are unusual wave pattern induced by the instability of Stokes *** paper presents the experimental results of the wave field around a circular cylinder generated by the diffraction of crescent wave in order to examine the difference of diffracted crescent waves from the commonly-used diffracted Stokes waves. The results show that with the existence of the cylinder, the crescent wave pattern can still get fully developed, and with the presence of this type of wave pattern, the symmetry breaking of the wave amplitude distribution occurs and there are extra wave components at the frequencies of 0.5 ω;, 1.5ω;and 2.5ω;（ω;is the frequency of Stokes waves） appearing in the wave amplitude spectrum.

关键词： Stokes wave amplitude spectrum cylinder symmetry breaking

Nonlinear Capital Flow Tax: Capital Flow Management and Financial Crisis Prevention in China

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China & World Economy 2019年第4期27卷 1-28页

作者： Jiandong Ju Li Li Guangyu Nie Kang Shi shang-jin wei PBC School of Finance Tsinghua University China jinan University-University of Birmingham Joint Institute China College of Business Shanghai University of Finance and Economics China Department of Economics The Chinese University of Hong Kong China Business School Columbia University USA

How to promote capital account liberalization while preventing financial crises is a challenging task for policymakers. This study proposes a nonlinear (progressive) capital flow tax as a solution. We first demonstrate that the collateral requirement of international borrowing can give rise to multiple equilibria and self-fulfilling financial crises. We then show that the crisis equilibrium characterized by large exchange rate depreciation, capital flight and welfare loss can be eliminated by imposing a nonlinear (progressive) tax scheme on capital outflows with the marginal tax rate increasing with the size of individual capital outflows. The implementation of such a tax scheme in China is also discussed.

关键词： capital account openness financial crisis nonlinear capital flow tax

Three-dimensional internal multiple elimination in complex structures using Marchenko autofocusing theory

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Petroleum Science 2025年第1期22卷 222-233页

作者： Pei-Nan Bao Ying Shi Xin-Min shang Hong-Xian Liang wei-Hong Wang School of Earth Sciences Northeast Petroleum University Geophysical Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield Sinopec

Internal multiples are commonly present in seismic data due to variations in velocity or density of subsurface media. They can reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data and degrade the quality of the image. With the development of seismic exploration into deep and ultradeep events, especially those from complex targets in the western region of China, the internal multiple eliminations become increasingly challenging. Currently, three-dimensional(3D) seismic data are primarily used for oil and gas target recognition and drilling. Effectively eliminating internal multiples in 3D seismic data of complex structures and mitigating their adverse effects is crucial for enhancing the success rate of drilling. In this study, we propose an internal multiple prediction algorithm for 3D seismic data in complex structures using the Marchenko autofocusing theory. This method can predict the accurate internal multiples of time difference without an accurate velocity model and the implementation process mainly consists of several steps. Firstly, simulating direct waves with a 3D macroscopic velocity ***, using direct waves and 3D full seismic acquisition records to obtain the upgoing and downgoing Green's functions between the virtual source point and surface. Thirdly, constructing internal multiples of the relevant layers by upgoing and downgoing Green's functions. Finally, utilizing the adaptive matching subtraction method to remove predicted internal multiples from the original data to obtain seismic records without multiples. Compared with the two-dimensional(2D) Marchenko algorithm, the performance of the 3D Marchenko algorithm for internal multiple prediction has been significantly enhanced, resulting in higher computational accuracy. Numerical simulation test results indicate that our proposed method can effectively eliminate internal multiples in 3D seismic data,thereby exhibiting important theoretical and industrial application value.

关键词： Marchenko Internal multiple elimination Autofocusing Three-dimensional seismic data

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中美谁在世贸表现好？看数据

中美谁在世贸表现好？看数据

Atomically Dispersed Metal Atoms:Minimizing Interfacial Charge Transport Barrier for Efficient Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells

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作者： shang-jin wei 陈俊安

捷克世界报业辛迪加网站12月12日文章，原题：误读中国的世贸纪录损害全球贸易 12月11日是中国加入世界贸易组织20周年。美国前总统特朗普一心想搞垮世贸组织，使其争端裁决系统无法运作，并发动被世贸组织裁定为非法的贸易战。其继任... 详细信息

捷克世界报业辛迪加网站12月12日文章，原题：误读中国的世贸纪录损害全球贸易 12月11日是中国加入世界贸易组织20周年。美国前总统特朗普一心想搞垮世贸组织，使其争端裁决系统无法运作，并发动被世贸组织裁定为非法的贸易战。其继任者拜登在改善世贸运作方面迄今无所作为。美......

关键词：世贸组织世贸规则表现好

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第5期17卷 604-616页

作者： Yanying Shi Xusheng Cheng Yudi Wang Wenrui Li Wenzhe shang wei Liu wei Lu Jiashuo Cheng Lida Liu Yantao Shi State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Frontier Science Center for Smart MaterialsSchool of ChemistryDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024People’s Republic of China School of Narcotics Control and Public Order Studies Criminal Investigation PoliceUniversity of ChinaShenyang 110854People’s Republic of China

Carbon-based perovskite solar cells(C-PSCs)exhibit notable stability and ***,the power conversion efficiency(PCE)is significantly hindered by energy level mismatches,which result in interfacial charge transport barriers at the electrode-related ***,we report a back electrode that utilizes atomically dispersed metallic cobalt(Co)in carbon nanosheets(Co_1/CN)to adjust the interfacial energy *** electrons in the d-orbitals of Co atoms disrupt the electronic symmetry of the carbon nanosheets(CN),inducing a redistribution of the electronic density of states that leads to a downward shift in the Fermi level and a significantly reduced interfacial energy *** a result,the C-PSCs using Co1/CN as back electrodes achieve a notable PCE of 22.61%with exceptional long-term stability,maintaining 94.4%of their initial efficiency after 1000 h of continuous illumination without *** work provides a promising universal method to regulate the energy level of carbon electrodes for C-PSCs and paves the way for more efficient,stable,and scalable solar technologies toward commercialization.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Carbon electrode Charge transport Energy level alignment

Late spring-early summer drought and soil properties jointly modulate two pine species' decline and climatic sensitivity in temperate Northern China

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FOREST ECOSYSTEMS 2025年第1期12卷 146-158页

作者： Li, Yuheng Fan, Zhaofei Xu, Lihong Zhang, Xiao Shi, Zhongjie Yang, Xiaohui Xiong, wei Cong, Ling Kwon, Semyun Pan, Leilei Li, Hanzhi Wen, Shuo shang, Xiaoyan Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Forestry Res Inst Ecol Conservat & Restorat Beijing 100091 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Forestry Res Inst Desertificat Studies Beijing 100091 Peoples R China Auburn Univ Coll Forestry Wildlife & Environm Auburn AL 36849 USA Chinese Acad Forestry Ecol & Nat Conservat Inst Beijing 100091 Peoples R China Kongju Natl Univ Inst Ecol Restorat Gongju 32439 Chungcheongnam South Korea Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

Increasing temperatures and severe droughts threaten forest vitality globally. Prediction of forest response to climate change requires knowledge of the spatiotemporal patterns of monthly or seasonal climatic impacts on the growth of tree species, likely driven by local climatic aridity, climate trends, edaphic conditions, and the climatic adaption of tree species. The ability of tree species to cope with changing climate and the effects of environmental variables on growth trends and growth-climate relationships across diverse bioclimatic regions are still poorly understood for many species. This study investigated radial growth trends, interannual growth variability, and growth-climate sensitivity of two dominant tree species, Pinus tabulaeformis (PT) and Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica (PS), across a broad climatic gradient with a variety of soil properties in temperate Northern China. Using a network of 83 tree ring chronologies (54 for PT and 29 for PS) from 1971 to 2010, we documented that both species maintained constant growth trends at wet sites, while both displayed rapid declines at dry sites. We reported the species-specific drivers of spatial heterogeneity in growth trends, interannual growth variability, and growth-climate relationships. Calculated climatic variables and soil properties were identified as the most critical factors affecting the growth trends and growth-climate relationships. However, climatic variables play more essential roles than soil properties in determining the spatial heterogeneity of the growth-climate relationship. Lower clay content and higher soil nutrient regimes can exacerbate the moisture-related susceptibility of tree growth. Our findings highlight that soil properties emerged as important modulating factors to predict the drought vulnerability of forests in addition to climatic variables. Considering the continued climate warmingdrying trend in the future, both pines will face a more severe growth decline and increase i

关键词： Tree rings Climate sensitivity Growth decline Global warming Drought Soil property

医学生心理健康状况、心理危机源形成及相关因素研究

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中国高等医学教育 2017年第7期 38-39,90页

作者：尚瑾魏俊妮山西医科大学公共卫生学院山西太原030001

目的:了解医学生心理健康、心理危机的现状及相关因素,为高等医学院校开展危机干预提供理论依据。方法:随机抽取山西医科大学临床医学系720名学生为研究对象,采用面对面问卷调查的方法对医学生的一般情况、负性生活事件、心理危机处理... 详细信息

目的:了解医学生心理健康、心理危机的现状及相关因素,为高等医学院校开展危机干预提供理论依据。方法:随机抽取山西医科大学临床医学系720名学生为研究对象,采用面对面问卷调查的方法对医学生的一般情况、负性生活事件、心理危机处理方式等进行调查分析。采用SPSS 17.0统计软件进行数据处理和分析。结果:医学生心理健康状况欠佳,存在多种危机源,其中最主要的是学习压力和人际关系问题。不同年级、生源地和是否为独生子女在心理危机源上均存在显著差异;医学生五种危机应对方式得分从高到低依次为:寻求支援、控制情绪、逃避、处理问题、期望。结论:医学生的心理健康问题表现形式多样,年级、生源地及是否为独生子女是医学生心理危机形成的影响因素。

关键词：心理危机危机源应对方式

Genome-wide CRISPR screens identify CLC-2 as a drug target for anti-herpesvirus therapy:tackling herpesvirus drug resistance

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 515-526页

作者： Fayu Yang Nan wei Shuo Cai jing Liu Qingping Lan Hao Zhang Lu shang Bo Zheng Mi Wang Yingchun Liu Lifang Zhang Chenzhong Fei Wu Tong Changlong Liu Ersheng Kuang Guangzhi Tong Feng Gu shanghai Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShanghai 200241China Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShanghai 200241China State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention College of Veterinary MedicineLanzhou UniversityLanzhou Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou 730000China Institute of Human Virology Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China School of Medicine Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The emergence of drug resistance to virus(i.e.,acyclovir(ACV)to herpesviruses)has been termed one of the common clinical issues,emphasizing the discovery of new antiviral *** address it,a genome-wide clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)screening was performed in mouse haploid embryonic stem cells infected with pseudorabies virus(PRV),anα-herpesvirus causing human and pig *** results demonstrated that type 2 voltage-gated chloride channels(CLC-2)encoded by one of the identified genes,CLCN2,is a potential drug target for anti-herpesvirus ***-2 inhibitors,omeprazole(OME)and 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid(DIDS),can efficiently inhibit infection of multiple herpesviruses in cellulo(i.e.,PRV,HSV and EBV),and effectively treat murine herpes simplex encephalitis(HSE).Additionally,DIDS was found to inhibit HSV-1 replication by blocking the PI3K/Akt *** importantly,both DIDS and OME were able to inhibit ACV-resistant HSV-1 strain *** study's findings suggest that targeting host-cell factors such as CLC-2 may be a promising approach to tackling herpesvirus drug *** discovery of CLC-2 as a potential drug target for anti-herpesvirus therapy provides a new direction for the development of novel antiviral agents.

关键词： herpesviruses CRISPR host-directed therapy CLC-2 DIDS